Effects of seeds ingestion by Lagune cattle and other pre-planting treatments on the germinability of Centrosema pubescens Benth seeds in Soudanian region of Benin (West Africa)
May 2019
In Benin under extensive management of grassland, there is little information about legumes regeneration and management in pastures. This trial evaluated the germination of Centrosema pubescens seeds after passage through the digestive tract of three young bulls and three heifers of Lagune breed cattle. Following seeds ingestion by cattle, total faeces were collected at 24-h intervals for 6 days after which time the...
Allure of insect pest and diseases among three solanaceous crops viz. tomato, chilli and brinjal in Hamelmalo Agricultural College
May 2019
The experiment was conducted in the Hamelmalo Agricultural College, Eritrea, from January 2017 to May 2017. This was done to study the attraction of major insect pest and diseases in three solanaceous crops (tomato, chilli and brinjal) grown singly and with mix cropping pattern. In Eritrea, solanaceous crops are important vegetables grown in different areas of the country. Insect pest and diseases are the major...
Market production and productivity: The effects of cash cropping on technical efficiency in staple crop production
May 2019
To meet increasing food demand, most developing countries cannot rely on expanding the crop area, but will need to stimulate yield growth arising from increased factor productivity. This can be achieved through more efficient utilization of inputs to produce maximum output given existing technologies. Low productivity arising from technical inefficiency negatively impacts on household income and food security by...
Determinants of the extent of adoption of maize production technologies in Northern Ghana
May 2019
In spite of substantial investments in developing and disseminating improved maize production technologies by successive governments and several development partners, technology adoption in Ghana remains low. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence the extent of adoption of improved maize production technologies among farmers in northern Ghana. A Tobit regression model was used to analyse...
Management of potato leaf miner in Uganda
May 2019
The yield of potato, an important food security and income crop in Uganda is substantially affected by pests. A survey was carried out in south western Uganda, a major potato growing area to assess the distribution and severity of potato pests in June and July 2015. In addition, leaf miner management options such as pesticide use, yellow sticky traps and mulching were evaluated for effectiveness. Trials in leaf miner...
Cattle milk production, processing and marketing situations of smallholder farmers in Telo district, Keffa zone, Ethiopia
May 2019
The study was conducted in Telo district of Keffa zone, SNNP Regional State with the aim of assessing milk production and milk use pattern. Cross-sectional study design was used to collect data from randomly sampled 156 households using survey questioner, farm visit and focus group discussion. Female headed farms were more frequent in urban. The average family size per household was 7 persons. 58.3% of HH were...
Cultivation of cactus pear forage propagated through the method of fractionation of cladode
May 2019
Between the varieties of Cactus Pear Forage resistant to Cochineal Carmine, the Orelha de Elefante Mexicana (OEM), Baiana (BA) and Miúda (MI) were found. The adoption of these varieties and dissemination in the areas damaged by this plague are directly related to provision of seeds cladodes. The method of propagation through fractionation of cladode is an alternative in cases where this availability is deficient....
Water use efficiency in the sugarcane cropping in different planting dates in Brazil
May 2019
In global terms, irrigation is a human activity with greater demand for fresh water and strategies are needed to minimize this consumption. Therefore, the objective of this study was to establish the sugarcane planting date, which results in a greater water use efficiency, considering the summer planting of the Northeast region of Brazil. The sugarcane cultivar was RB92579, drip irrigated, and the stage of the plant was...
Prediction of genetic gain using selection indices in maize lines
April 2019
Maize is an important cereal crop in scientific research area and the world economy, where Brazil is one of the leading producers. High production and productivity are partly due to plant breeding programs, where the selection of superior genotypes is based on indexes. This strategy has been very efficient o obtaining superior genotypes since there are simultaneous gains for various agronomic and economic characters....
Stakeholders’ perception of weaver ant’s effects on mango fruits quality in Benin
April 2019
Weaver ant (Oecophylla longinonda) used in biological control of pest, is said to improve the organoleptic quality of protected fruits. This study aims at bringing out stakeholders’ perception of weaver ants effect on mango quality. A survey was performed in Parakou (Benin), with stakeholders to assess their perception of mango quality and their opinion about weaver ant’s effect on mango quality. Then, the...
Vegetation cover affects rhizobia-tree legume symbiosis in the semi-arid region of Brazil
April 2019
Biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is the main form of introducing nitrogen into systems with low fertilizer input, which prevail in the semi-arid region of Brazil. BNF was evaluated in leucena and sabiá grown in samples of a soil collected under different vegetation cover: native vegetation; capoeira (area abandoned for the restoration); agricultural use; sabiá grove; and leucena grove. Nodulation was...
Physiological response of soybean [Glycine max (L) Merrill] to soil moisture stress
April 2019
This study was done to determine the effects of varying soil moisture regimes on CO2 assimilation of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] in pots under greenhouse conditions during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. The experiment was conducted as a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in a 4 x 6 factorial treatment arrangement and replicated 3 times. Soil moisture regimes (80, 60, 40 and 20% of field capacity) and...
Physiological quality of colza seeds (Brassica napus L.) after coating and seed treatment during storage
April 2019
Seed coating is a technique widely used by growers to increase, standardize and improve seed germination conditions. Despite this, there is lack of information about the physiological quality of coated seeds during storage. The objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and physiological quality of colza (Brassica napus L.) seeds coated with bentonite and treated with fungicide and black pepper plant extract...
Study of diversity in some Moroccan population of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
April 2019
To study Moroccan saffron germplasm variability relating to different agro-morphological and phenological traits, 969 saffron corms (accessions) were collected from thirteen different sites located in traditional saffron area of Taliouine-Taznakht. The study confirmed a wide range of phenotypic variability within and between populations. The variance analysis revealed that the mother corm weight (MCW), taken as...
Weed flora survey in field crops of Northwestern Ethiopia
April 2019
A survey was conducted in different field crops of six districts (Chilga, Gondarzuria, Metema, Takussa, Dabat and Dembia) in Northwestern Ethiopia within 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons. The objective of the study was to identify the most important weed species and to determine their frequency, density and uniformity at different altitudes. A quantitative and qualitative method was employed for the enumeration and...
Vulnerability and adaptation strategies to drought and erratic rains as key extreme events: Insights from small scale farming households in mixed crop agro ecosystems of semi-arid eastern Kenya
April 2019
Climate variability and change are some of the most pressing environmental challenges in semi-arid Kenya and Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) and are associated with persistent droughts, dry spells and erratic rains. The present study aimed at determining exposure and adaptation mechanisms among selected small-scale farmers cultivating drought tolerant crops in Wote, Makueni County, Eastern Kenya in the period 2003 to 2013. The...
Evaluation of dry matter yield, yield components and nutritive value of selected alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars grown under Lowland Raya Valley, Northern Ethiopia
April 2019
The experiment was conducted at Raya Azebo district, which is located in Southern Tigray, North Ethiopia, with the objective to investigate the highest dry matter yield and herbage nutritive value among the selected alfalfa cultivars. The experiment was conducted by randomized complete block design with four replications and five cultivars. The experimental cultivars were FG-10-09 (F), FG-9-09 (F), Magna-801-FG...
Rice insect pest management in selected rice irrigation schemes in Morogoro Region, Tanzania
April 2019
This study was conducted in five randomly selected rice schemes in Morogoro region to obtain information on farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practice in respect to management strategies undertaken for controlling insect pests both in rice fields and stores as an aid to reduce crop loss. A total of 150 farmers were randomly selected from 5 villages (30 respondents per village) and interviewed using semi structured...
Effect of fertilizers amendment on yield and yield components of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) on acidic soil of Tsegede Highland, Northern Ethiopia
April 2019
A field experiment was carried out during 2012/2013 on acidic soil of Tsegede highlands, Northern Ethiopia to evaluate wheat crop response to different Fertilizers and Liming with four treatments: (1) (No fertilizer), (2) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen+ 150 kg/ha Minjingu organic hyper phosphate fertilizer, (3) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen and 20 kg/ha Phosphorus, and (4) 64 kg/ha Nitrogen and 20 kg/ha Phosphorus + 4.17 t/ha lime were arranged...
Yield of the hydroponic lettuce under levels of salinity of the nutrient solution
April 2019
Hydroponic cultivation is a viable alternative, given the water scarcity scenario, since this technique uses water rationally and without waste. However, it is necessary to monitor the salinity of the nutrient solution, especially in leafy vegetables such as lettuce. The aim of this research is to examine the yield of hydroponic lettuce under different salinity levels of the nutrient solution, in greenhouse. The...
Mechanisms of aerenchyma formation in maize roots
April 2019
Respiration is very sensitive to waterlogged conditions. Under these conditions, plant roots suffer from lack of available oxygen. In fact, waterlogging reduces the exchange of gases between the plant and the atmosphere. When plants cannot receive sufficient oxygen level for respiration, they form aerenchyma in their roots which function as reservoirs of oxygen in the submerged plant. Aerenchyma is formed in maize (Zea...
Sorption-desorption isotherms of diuron alone and in a mixture in soils with different physico-chemical properties
March 2019
Herbicide mixture is a widely used weed control practice in many agricultural areas. However, interactions between the herbicide mixture and soil may alter the soil dynamics. This research evaluated the effect of the physicochemical properties of the soils in the application of diuron alone and in a mixture with hexazinone, by means of sorption-desorption Freundlich isotherms. 14C-diuron sorption (isolated and mixed)...
Reputation effect of the moral hazard on contract farming market development: Game theory application on rice farmers in Benin
March 2019
A good reputation is the basis for rice farmers to survive and gain trust from buyers in a competitive business environment. However, due to the existence of information asymmetry between buyers and rice farmers, the moral hazard problem is the key obstacle that impedes the benefits of related shareholders and hinders the efficiency of contract farming negotiations. It is crucial to design a control mechanism to avoid...
A synthesis of Ethiopian agricultural technical efficiency: A meta-analysis
March 2019
In Ethiopia, technical efficiency studies started about three decades ago. These studies have reached different conclusions regarding agriculture efï¬ciency based on technical efficiency scores. This study represents the first attempt to use meta-analysis to examine the mean technical efficiency estimates in agriculture in Ethiopia. The current study employed 45 frontier studies published from 1993 to 2014 for the...
Mathematical modelling of greenhouse drying of red chilli pepper
March 2019
The purpose of this study was to examine twelve different mathematical models for red pepper plant (Capsicum annum L.) and to investigate the appropriate models of mass fraction (Mt / Mo) in relation to drying time.This study attempted to assess the efficiency and profitability of the drying of red pepper under the plastic tunnel greenhouse and a total of twelve models, including Newton, Page, Improved Page, Henderson...
Nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties grown in the northeast region of Brazil
March 2019
The diagnosis of plant nutritional status was a tool to improve crop fertilization and thus ensure better productivity. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of three sugarcane varieties (RB92579, RB98710 and RB961552) in the plant-cane and first regrowth cycles in the sub-humid region of the state of Alagoas, located in the Northeast of Brazil. The experiment consisted of a randomized complete block...
A review on golden species of Zingiberaceae family around the world: Genus Curcuma
March 2019
Genus Curcuma has a long history of traditional uses, ranging from folk medicine to its culinary uses. More than 70 species of Curcuma are distributed throughout the world but extensively cultivate in Asian, Australian and Western African counties. Many phytochemical, pharmacological and molecular studies have been conducted on several Curcuma species worldwide. The interest on its medicinal properties have increased...
Aries Guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus Jacq cv. Aries) pasture establishment without chemical control in an environmentally protected area
March 2019
This study aimed to evaluate the Aries Guineagrass (Megathyrsus maximus sin. Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aries) and the weed community dynamics under different soil tillage and sowing methods in Southern Brazil, to create alternatives for sustainable farming in areas where weed chemical control is restricted. The experiment was carried out in split-plot design with randomized blocks and four replications; the main plots...
Soil hydro-physical attributes under management practices for pineapple genotypes cultivation
March 2019
Pineapple is a rustic species but may respond positively to conservation practices of soil management. This work aimed to evaluate the physical properties of the soil under conservation management practices for the cultivation of pineapple genotypes. The treatments consisted of four varieties of pineapple, two levels of gypsum (0 to 4 t ha-1), two levels of management (with and without cover crop - millet), and two soil...
Phenotypic plasticity in soybean (Glycine max (Merrill)) genotypes with contrasting growth characteristics subjected to planting density stress at different developmental stages
March 2019
A study was conducted to determine phenotype plasticity responses in soybean genotypes subjected to plant density stress at different phenological stages. Plants planted at supra optimal population density (500,000 plants per hectare) were thinned to 400,000 population density at 4 developmental stages: V1 (Full expansion of first trifoliate leaves), V3 (Four nodes with 3 unfolded trifoliates), V6 (Seven nodes, with 6...
Effects of biogas slurry and conventional fertilizer on the abundance, diversity, and function of the soil microbe community in continuously cropped Chinese chives
March 2019
The effects of biogass slurry and conventional chemical fertilizer as topdressings on relative abundance and community diversity of soil microbes in fields under continuous cropping of Chinese chives were investigated. It was found that topdressing treatment altered soil bacteria community and diversity, where relative abundance and taxonomic diversity were greater in the biogas slurry treatment. Although average well...
Application of nitrogen in different phenological states of the corn crop
March 2019
Corn is a crop of high productive potential, but to achieve this, it is essential to apply production technologies, especially fertilizers with a high level of nitrogen. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer in different phenological stages on corn production. The experiment was installed in the experimental plot of the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de...
Foodborne diseases, fish and the case of Aeromonas spp.
March 2019
Food intake is an imperative need of living beings in order to obtain the nutrients and energy necessary for their growth and development. All human beings worldwide have the right to access to nutritious and safe food. Food safety is a term that has become increasingly important in food production; is defined as the set of conditions and actions necessary along all phases of the food chain (from its primary production...
Analysis of factors affecting the demand for inorganic fertilizer in Boricha and Wondogenet Districts, Southern Ethiopia
March 2019
A study was undertaken to analyze factors affecting the demand for inorganic fertilizer in Boricha and Wondogenet farming Districts, Southern Ethiopia. Data on gender, educational level, farming experience, health status, soil fertility status, organic fertilizer used, access to inorganic fertilizer, ownership and size of cultivated farm, on-farm income, contact with DAs, availability of certified seed, and credit...
Evaluation of the effectiveness of different trap designs for the monitoring of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in blackberry crop
March 2019
Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii is one of the most important pests in berry crops around the world. In this study, different models of traps were evaluated for monitoring adult SWD. The study was conducted in a commercial blackberry orchard of the cultivar Chester, in the municipality of Vacaria, RS, Brazil in May 2016. The treatments consisted of three trap designs, namely the European model...
Genetic variation and heritability of kernel physical quality traits and their association with selected agronomic traits in groundnut (Arachis hypogeae) genotypes from Uganda
March 2019
Breeding for improvement of physical kernel traits has a direct implication on acceptance of groundnut varieties. However, the genetic parameters associated with these traits are not well documented. Ten groundnut lines were evaluated in a Randomized Complete Block Design experiment with three replicates in 2015. Data were collected on yield parameters and pod and kernel physical traits. Mean values were used to...
Comparison of cyanobacterial bio-fertilizer with urea on three crops and two soils of Ethiopia
March 2019
Although chemical fertilizers have long been used to meet the high demand of nitrogen (N), the most common limiting nutrient to plant growth, the frequent use of this fertilizer gradually deteriorates soil fertility in addition to its high cost, lower supply and agronomic use efficiency in Ethiopia. Nevertheless, N-fixing cyanobacterial biofertilizers are eco-friendly, and currently considered important to support the...
Correlation of climatic elements with phases of the lace bug Vatiga illudens (Hemiptera: Tingidae) in two cassava cultivars (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae)
March 2019
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is subject to various disease problems and insect attacks. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of climatic elements on the phases of the lacebug, Vatiga illudens in two cultivars of cassava. The study was carried out in a greenhouse using the ‘Sergipana’ and ‘Campina’ cultivars. Data were analyzed using the Pearson index for linear...
Pig compost for the formation of coffee seedlings in the substrate composition
March 2019
Pigs can be used in the formation of coffee seedlings; it gradually provides essential nutrients for the development of plants, in addition to promoting the improvement of the substrate and water retention. It was decided, with this work, to evaluate the use of pig compost in the formation of coffee seedlings. The topics studied were: T1 - Witness (absence of organic compound); T2-30% concentration of cattle compost;...
Development and technical validation of spray kit for coffee harvester
March 2019
Spraying a coffee plantation simultaneously with harvesting ensures that the coffee plants are protected from pests and diseases, which are intensified during this period. In addition to economical operation, the pulverizer adapted to all harvester models promotes greater uniformity in pulverized syrup dispensing since the spray tips are arranged evenly around the plant. Two experiments were carried out in the...
Qualitative response of super basmati rice to different nitrogen levels under varying rice ecosystem
February 2019
Planting methods and nitrogen rates play pivotal role in the production and quality of fine grain rice. A field experiment was carried out at Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Pakistan during 2015 and 2016 using four planting methods namely drilling of dry seed in well prepared dry soil (DSR-drill), ridges made after broadcast of dry seed in dry soil (DSR-ridge), broadcast of dry seed in well prepared dry soil...
Calibration and validation of CERES-wheat in DSSAT model for yield simulation under future climate in Adet, North Western Ethiopia
February 2019
Crop models are highly useful for simulating crop and soil processes in response to variations in climate and crop management. However, well estimated crop genetic coefficients are required. So the purpose of this study is to calibrate and evaluate the performance of CERES-wheat model and to simulate the climate change impacts on phonological stages and grain yield of bread wheat (Tay and Senkegna varieties) in the...
Potential use of rhizobium for vegetable crops growth promotion
February 2019
The system of vegetable crops production required large amounts of mineral fertilizers. One of the possible alternatives to assure the economic and environmental sustainability of this production system would be the use of promoting growth plant rhizobacteria (PGPR). However, care is needed to select a microorganism to be used in crops that are usually consumed raw, so human health is not at risk. It was important to...
Effect of foliar application of iron on seasonal changes of some physical and chemical properties in berries of Halwani Lebanon grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.)
February 2019
A field experiment was conducted in 2009 and 2010 growing seasons, to study the effect of foliar application of iron- chelated "Fe-EDTA" (0, 100 and 200 mg.l-1) on the seasonal dynamic of some physical and chemical properties of berries of Halwani Lebanon grape cultivar, grown on a calcareous soil in Mosul region, Iraq. The results revealed that the foliar application of 100 mgFe.l-1 caused a significant...
Malt Barley (Hordeum distichon L.) varieties performance evaluation in North Shewa, Ethiopia
February 2019
Malt barley is the most important cereal crop grown in highland parts of Ethiopia. Even though Ethiopia has favorable environment and potential market opportunity, the share of malting barley production is quite low (about 15%) as compared to food barley. One reason for low production is the use of low yielding varieties. The present investigation was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three...
Seed germination of seeds preserved for about 20 years and that of seeds preserved for several years
February 2019
From the herbage seeds, only alfalfa (Medicago sativa) showed about 3 - 5% germination ratio for 20 years old seeds. The results are consistent with that of Park and Kim (2009). No germination was observed from the other herbage species, but the decay of seeds were observed sometimes. However, the vegetable seeds preserved for several years showed high germination ratios. In conclusion, older seeds generally germinate a...
Genetic variability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes under sole and maize-bean cropping systems in Bako, Western Oromia, Ethiopia
February 2019
Knowledge of the sources and magnitude of variability among genotypes plays a pivotal role in any crop improvement program to maximize gains from selection. This experiment was conducted at Bako Agricultural Research Center in 2011 cropping season with the objective of studying and estimating the extent of genetic variability in common bean genotypes under sole and mixed cropping systems. Meanwhile, the wider range of...
Boosting self-sufficiency in maize crop production in Osisioma Ngwa Local Government with internet of things (IOT)-climate messaging: A model
February 2019
The cultivation of maize round the year is a great challenge to both subsistence and mechanized farmers in Abia State owing to the changes in climatic conditions especially precipitation, relative humidity, and temperature during the two traditional seasons, which affect the growth and yield of the cereal crop. This paper is the first of a two-part study aimed to evolving an internet-based remote monitoring and...
Involving small holder farmers in the agricultural land use planning process using Analytic Hierarchy Process in rice farming systems of Kilombero Valley, Tanzania
February 2019
Despite the truth that the agricultural land use planning exercises have so far covered small and fragmented part of the African continent, the involvement of farmers who are among the direct beneficiaries of the outputs have been limited. This work demonstrates the contributions of farmers on the land use planning process for rice production in Kilombero Valley, Tanzania. Analytic hierarchic process (AHP) was used to...
Evaluation of improved potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties for some quality attributes at Shebench Woreda of Bench-Maji Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
February 2019
In Ethiopia, potato sub-sector is expanding, with more value added products, such as potato chips, mainly due to increasing demands associated with growth of population and urbanization. Processing industry is very dependent on the quality parameters of tuber to satisfy the increasing demand of customers. Thus, this experiment was conducted with the objective to evaluate the quality of some improved potato varieties at...
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