Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) productivity and nutritive value in aquaponic versus hydroponic systems
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Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of aquaponic and hydroponic systems on the germination and growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Nablus, West Bank, Palestine. A randomized complete block design with three treatments was employed. Barley seeds were pre-treated through washing, disinfection, and soaking, and germination was conducted in polyethylene trays under three conditions: aquaponic with tilapia,...
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The study was conducted at Ambo University using twenty five Horro sheep with initial body weight of 16.84±0.23kg (mean±SD). The objectives of the experiment was to evaluate the impact of replacing concentrate ration with varying proportions of Lablab purpureus hay on the growth performance and economic returns of Horro rams. The experimental sheep were blocked into five blocks of five animals based on their initial body...
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Maize is a key crop in Ethiopia's Rift Valley, but drought and erratic rainfall have reduced yields. This study aimed to identify effective soil and water conservation practices to improve soil moisture, nutrient content, and maize yield. The experiment was conducted in 2021 and 2022 cropping season in Negele Arsi district and the experiment used RCBD with five treatments, applying the Melkasa-II maize variety as testing...
Determinants of Climate change Adaptation in Shebedino District, Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia
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Agriculture is the primary source of food, raw materials, employment, and livelihoods in developing countries. Climate change is the most problem that affects the agricultural sector. Shebedino district is one of the drought prone, characterized with rugged topography, and erratic rainfall. The study aimed to assess the actual trend, identify the adaptation strategies and analyze factors affect the decision of adaptation...
Soil quality role for enhance soybean resilience under hydric stress season
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This study investigates how soil organic matter and the physical and microbiological attributes affect soybean yield in two distinct crop environments (high and low productivity) in southern Brazil, in a crop season with the occurence of a severe hydric restriction. Soil samples stratified by depth were collected to evaluate the chemical (organic matter), physical (root penetration resistance and growth), and...
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Haricot bean is one of the most important pulse crops grown in Ethiopia as it plays a crucial role in Ethiopian agriculture, contributing to food security and livelihoods of majority of farmers. However, Ethiopia's haricot bean production and productivity lag behind other countries due to various constraints faced by the farmers of the country, notably among them are lack of accurate information about haricot bean...
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Weed herbicide resistance to the sustainability of the world’s rice. This study aims to select rice high-yielding and competitive genotypes against weeds. It was conducted at the PNSAV-PV research station located in Kougouleu. The experimental design was a split plot where the main factor was the weed regime, and the secondary factor was the fifteen genotypes during the two consecutive rainfall seasons. Parameters were...
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The Gomit Irrigation Project plays a crucial role in agricultural production, highlighting the urgent necessity to analyze hydraulic and hydrologic factors that influence water utilization efficiency. This study explores the intricate relationship between the hydraulic dynamics and hydrologic mechanisms of irrigation systems, aiming to enhance water usage in farming practices. It evaluates hydraulic elements including...
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The objective of this study were to identify incompatibilities in mixtures of herbicides applied in common bean crops and assess the effects of herbicide interactions on weed control. Experiments I e II were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications, using a 4×4 factorial arrangement consisted of four herbicides (applied alone or in combinations) and four evaluation times (0, 1, 2, and 3 hours). a...
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Inadequate soil fertility management techniques and nutrient deficits are the primary causes of the Gereb Giba area's that decreased onion productivity. As a result, fertilizer applications are a crucial input to boost onion yields, with the rate of application primarily determined by the soil's fertility. The research was conducted with the intention of the objective is to assess the impact of NPS and goat dung fertilizer...
Land Reform, Poverty Reduction and Growth: Evidence from Ethiopia
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Land ownership and its associated frameworks significantly influence poverty reduction and wealth creation in developing countries, particularly in Ethiopia. This paper examines the various land tenure systems in Ethiopia, focusing on how land tenure and property rights affect agricultural productivity, thereby impacting poverty alleviation and economic growth. The analysis highlights that the primary obstacles to...
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The West African Sahel, particularly Niger, has long faced food insecurity due to climate change negative effects since the 1970s. Variable and unpredictable rainfall patterns, low soil chemical fertility (notably P and N), and high leaching rates pose low yield challenges. Pearl millet and cowpea are the major staple crops produced by peasants. Crop diversity and woody species are declining although local recoveries seem...
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Durum wheat is the most commonly cultivated tetraploid wheat, accounting for approximately 8% of wheat production worldwide and 10% in Ethiopia. Variation in phenotypic traits indicates genetic diversity and allows genotype identification with desirable characteristics for breeding programs. This study examined the variation, heritability, and correlation of 11 durum wheat phenotypic traits, including days to maturity...
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Phosphorus (P) sorption capacity of surface soils of five different Land use types (Cultivated land, Grazing land, Homestead land, Wood land and Eucalyptus Plantation) of Assosa district in Benishangul Gumiz Regional States, Northwestern Ethiopia were studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of land use on soil phosphorous sorption characteristics of surface soils, determine the external phosphorous...
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Freshwater scarcity is an intensifying challenge in arid and semi-arid regions globally, highlighting the importance of treating household greywater to augment limited water resources. This research investigates the effectiveness of a Constructed Wetland (CW) system, utilizing Common Reed, for greywater treatment in Akure, Nigeria. Greywater samples were sourced from Jadesola Hostel at the Federal University of Technology,...
Registration of Bachara Soybean Variety (Late Set)
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Bachara is the name given to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], variety with pedigree of JM- PR142/CLR-15-5C-2, brought from Jimma Agricultural Research Center. Bachara variety was evaluated against the check and other genotypes for seed yield, agronomic characters and disease reaction at Bako, Billo and Uke experimental sites from 2021 to 2022. Bachara variety was verified for possible release in 2023 at on farm and on...
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Korarima (Aframomum corrorima) is native crop to Ethiopia. Germination of seeds has problem of seed dormancy, which may be associated with the hard seed coat and impermeable Thus, the current study was conducted with the objective of determining the effect of different seed treatment method on seed germination and subsequent seedling growth. Nine seed treatments were applied to korarima seeds: T1 (control), T2 (soaking in...
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The false codling moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), fruit fly species of the genus Ceratitis (Diptera: Tephritidae), and the invasive oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), are pests associated with avocado production in South Africa. Phytosanitary measures are necessary to prevent the introduction of these pests into countries where they are not present....
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In Côte d’Ivoire, cocoa trees were submitted to several production constraints, including cocoa swollen shoot disease (CSSD). The aim of this work is to select cocoa trees with good agronomic traits and CSSD tolerance. Ten families of cocoa trees have been evaluated with 7 descriptives parameters such as the number and weight of total fresh beans and also the weight of dry beans. These families were also evaluated against...
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An in vitro experimental study was conducted in Ambo University, Mamo Mezemir Campus from November, 2020 to August, 2021 to evaluate antibacterial effect of Leaves of Withania sominifera, steam of Clausena anisata, leaves of Carica papaya L, fruit of Solanum incanum, roots of R. nepalensis and leaves of Nicotiana tabacum against Bacterial species (Escherichia coli/ATCC 25322, Staphylococcus aureus/ATCC 13076, Entrococcus...
Generation and characterization of doubled haploids maize (Zea mays L.) in sub-Saharan Africa
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The use of doubled haploid (DH) technology in maize breeding programs in Sub-Saharan Africa is uncommon. Adoption of this technology may improve the turnover of maize varieties. This research was conducted at Farako-Bâ research station of the Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research (INERA) in Burkina Faso. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of source germplasm, inducers and seasons on haploid...
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The present study, whose theme is "the role of irrigation in the development of agriculture in Senegal: case of the PARIIS project in the region of Fatick ", has attempted to highlight the added value brought by the practice of irrigation in the development of agriculture. The investigations were carried out at the level of irrigated perimeters built in the department of Toubacouta by the PARIIS project for the benefit of...
Genetic aspects of physiological quality traits in common bean seeds
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Understanding the genetic basis of characteristics related to the physiological quality of seeds is a crucial step towards the development of bean cultivars with superior performance and greater adaptation to different environmental conditions. This study aimed to estimate the components of genotypic variation, identify the predominant gene action, and explore its implications for selecting traits related to the...
Morphological Response of Forage Plants to Greasing or Browsing By Ruminant in Ethiopia: Review
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Rangeland plants may be negatively, positively, or neutrally impacted by browsing and grazing. Range land and greasing terrain provide more than 37% of the feed required for cattle in Ethiopia. Therefore, understanding how different animal types respond to the grazing of fodder plants is helpful for grassland research and management. Mammalian herbivores classified according to which plant type they prefer. Because diet...
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Bipolaris oryzae is a severe Ascomycete pathogen responsible for brown leaf spot in rice which leads to significant yield losses in quantity and quality. This disease is prevalent worldwide, impacting most rice-growing regions and holding historical significance for many rice-producing countries. The pathogen infects rice at any growth stage, manifesting symptoms on various plant parts. Initial symptoms are small,...
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Water harvesting is the process of intercepting, conveying, and storing rainfall for future use in drought prone area of eastern Ethiopia. The objective is to assess and estimating the annual volume of water harvesting for crop production. GIS and remote sensing is the recent technology of spatiotemporal data used to assess the factor of influences for rainfall and runoff depth estimation for identification of potential...
Cocoa yield and bean quality as influenced by agroforestry practices in Ghana
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Ghana's cocoa sector is a key contributor to global production, but its yields are often modest. A climate-smart approach involving agroforestry—growing cocoa with shade trees—has been suggested to boost yields and improve sustainability. However, there is limited research in Ghana on the effects of agroforestry on cocoa yield and bean quality. This study assessed the impact of agroforestry on cocoa yield and bean quality...
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Insect infestation has a direct impact on agricultural food production and stored products, as they may account for 20–30% of product loss, and in severe cases, they cause a total loss. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the response of the pyrethrum extract test to maize and bean weevils treated with different dosages and times of exposure. The pyrethrum extracts at six dosage levels (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5,...
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The research was conducted to determine the appropriate application time of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and yield components of sorghum during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasonin Benishangul gumuz region. Treatments consisted of eight application times of nitrogen: all recommended rate of N at planting (T1), ½ at planting + ½ at knee height(T2), Applying 1/2 at planting+1/2 at near flowering (T3), Applying 1/3 at...
Effects of Land Use Types on Soil Physico-Chemical Properties: A Review
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The effect of different land use types can bring adverse effect on selected physical and chemical properties of soil. The different land use types such as cultivated, grass, grazing, homestead, forest and plantation lands directly or indirectly affect the physical and chemical properties of soil characterized by different physico-chemical properties of soil though they are on the same topography of the landscape. The...
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Genetic purity assessment is mandatory for seed certification. Currently, the process is done through the grow-out test (GOT), which faces many challenges, including long-term assessment. Limited information on the use of molecular markers in the genetic purity assessment of crops in African countries elicited this study's purpose. In this work, a review of the available literatures on the applications of molecular markers...
Value chain analysis of tomato production and marketing in Ethiopia
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Tomatoes are important for income generation to a large proportion of the farming community in rural households in Ethiopia. Enhancing tomato producers to reach markets and actively engage in the markets is a key challenge influencing tomato production in Ethiopia. The perishable nature of tomato necessitates effective marketing channels choice decisions. So, the main objective of this study was to conduct full scale value...
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To manage insect infestation linked to lower yields in cowpea production, man has primarily chosen to use synthetic pesticides due to their high knockout effect. Incessant application of pesticides poses a health risk in agriculture food systems. The alternative to combating insect infestation in cowpea food system is the development of Host Plant Resistance which is eco-friendly, and beneficial to human and animal health....
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A study was conducted with three chickpea genotypes (Annigeri-1, JG-11 and JG-14) and five dates of sowing (D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5) to study the effect of temperature regimes on various physiological, biochemical, yield and its components. Delayed sowing at D5 temperature regimes recorded significantly lower SPAD values, lower chl a, chl b, total chl content in leaf, lower chl a/b ratio and lower relative water content...
Postharvest quality of gerberas 'Intenza' depending on the storage temperature
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Cut flowers have a prominent role in the global horticulture, being the gerbera one of the most important species in this context. Many studies have been performed to extend the vase life of these flowers. Despite the emergence of new conservation techniques, the low temperature is still the main one, because it delays the senescence and the deterioration of tissues. This study aimed to verify the best storage temperature...
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The purpose of this article aims to properly define emerging farmers in developing rural areas of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa and evaluate their distinguishing characteristics. There is still remarkable scarcity of scientific information describing a more detailed picture of emerging farmers. The terminology ‘emergent farmer’ is globally a contentious issue and it is not commonly used by researchers owing...
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Cadmium (Cd) is present in many agricultural soils, and consequently can be absorbed for species as corn and wheat. The studied areas were Central-North, Central, Central-south and South of the country, in a transect of 1,500 km long. In soils from 40 different sites were sampling in two depths. In these areas corn and wheat are important crops. Total cadmium, extractable acid (DTPA) and water soluble fractions of cadmium...
Influence of removal of Wolbachia on the Fitness of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)
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Wolbachia is maternally inherited intracellular bacteria (Rickettsiaceae) that infect a wide range of arthropods and nematodes and that are playing a great roles at their development, reproduction and pathogenic, associated with various reproductive abnormalities in their hosts. In this study, we investigated the effects of removal of Wolbachia infection on immature and mature brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)...
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Soil born plant pathogen cause potential yield loss in every year all over world. Antifungal Trichoderma isolates can control soil borne plant pathogenic fungi. Soil sample collected from different location to find out effective Trichoderma isolates. Their antifungal and morphological characteristic was studied. Radial mycelial growths of the isolates varied from 29.91 to 90.00 mm in vitro assay. On the basis of shape,...
Genetic variability of cowpea germplasm for nutritional and yield related traits
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Cowpea is a grain legume cultivated locally in sub-Saharan Africa, holding promise as an economical protein source. However, its utilization and productivity remain limited. Thus, it's crucial to evaluate the present diversity and screen farmer preferred traits for effective management and exploitation of cowpea in breeding programs. In this study, 70 cowpea genotypes from Tanzania, Malawi, and Mozambique were evaluated...
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The study investigated the complex interplay between social relations and agricultural productivity among smallholder orange farmers in Mkuzi Village, Tanzania. The research explored the dynamics of trust, cooperation, and community support systems, emphasizing their crucial role in agricultural success. While recognizing the positive impact of social networks and community cooperation, the study identified prevalent...
Agroforestry Practices and Cocoa Health and Soil Quality in Ghana
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Soil fertility loss is a major cause of declining cocoa production in West Africa. One solution is the adoption of agroforestry systems, which integrate forest or fruit tree species in cocoa farms for ecological and socio-economic benefits. Agroforestry provides climate buffering, carbon sequestration, pathogen regulation, and soil fertility improvements, enhancing cocoa health and yields. This study assessed effects of...
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Stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt), is a major threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production due to increased susceptibility. This study aimed to identify wheat lines in the 16th Stem Rust Resistance Screening Nursery (SRRSN) with seedling and adult plant resistance (APR) to wheat stem rust. A two-season field experiment was conducted at (KALRO) Njoro using a 12×12 partially balanced lattice...
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Sorghum is one of the major staple food crops in eastern Ethiopia where the area is known for an uncertainty of rainfall. Therefore, this study assessed the direct and indirect effects of yield-related traits on sorghum grain yield and estimated associations among yield and yield-related traits of sorghum genotypes. Thirty-four sorghum genotypes and two improved varieties in 6x6 simple lattice designs at Fedis Agricultural...
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Crop rotation could be a possible intervention to resolve multifaceted problems of monoculture. In recent years, there is a concern about soil depletion caused by intensive farming. In crop rotation legume crops, which capture atmospheric nitrogen and “fix” it into forms available to plants will increase soil fertility. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.), rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), oat (Avena sativum L.) and vicia (Vicia...
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This article discusses the pivotal role of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in enhancing agricultural productivity globally, with a focus on developing economies. Developed by the Centre for Community Technology (CCT), iOS and Android applications facilitate control and monitoring of hardware projects via WSNs, specifically designed for Precision Agriculture like smart...
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Soil analysis was carried out to assess the physico-chemical qualities of the soils and identify the microbial presence in the study areas. Twelve composite soil samples were taken from 0 - 15cm (top soil) and 15 - 30cm (sub soil), homogenized and analysed in a laboratory. The soil pH values ranged from 5.5 (IGBS1) to 6.5 (IGBS7) in Igbotako, and 6.0 (ODSS11) to 6.7 (ODSS10) in Ode-Aye. The least soil porosity was observed...
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major cereal crop in Fogera district; however, the current yield is decreased due to low soil fertility status as a result of continuous cultivation, and inadequate use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. Hence, a field experiment was conducted at Fogera National Rice Research and Training Center (FNRRTC) during the 2021 cropping season to determine the effects of integrated use of farmyard...
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The Major objective of the study was to investigate the impact of cooperative membership on farmers’ income in Ethiopia. Primary cross-sectional data were collected from the total sample of 371 smallholder farmers, in East Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia. A multi-stage sampling procedure was employed. sample respondents were selected using the probability proportional technique. To analyze the data collected, different statistical...
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Pesticide use in cotton cultivation in Ethiopia has increased due to the emergence of new insect pests, leading to environmental and health concerns. The aim of the study to examines pesticide utilization, handling practices, and knowledge among farmers in the Awash Valley. For this study, one hundred twenty-eight small-scale and twenty-five large-scale holder farmers were included. The data were collected through...
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