Less Water Treatment: Fusion of Drip Irrigation and Hydroponics Method in Agriculture
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Agriculture is the major area to produce food crops and increase productivity with less water. In normal agriculture farmers can produce good and healthy crops in certain period of time. This research focused an innovative fusion idea of agriculture to produce more yield in less time. It will be easier and useful while comparing to Hydroponics and Cocopeat methods. The current fusion of Drip Irrigation and Hydroponics...
Evaluation of vibration reduction isolators for hand transmitted vibration of single-axle tractors
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The walk-behind control of single-axle tractors imposes a great workload on the operators which increases muscular fatigue. Experienced operators were involved during field experiments to investigate and establish the magnitudes of hand-transmitted vibration experienced by single-axle tractor operators with and without vibration reduction isolators during tillage operation. The results indicated that the magnitudes of...
RESPONSE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) TO FOLIAR FERTILIZER
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Utilization of foliar fertilizer is not a common practice in field crop production in Ghana, upon this background this experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of foliar fertilizer on the growth and yield parameters of rice. Eight treatments comprising two (Recommended fertilizer application rate for farmers) and six others which are the foliar fertilizer (Boost Xtra foliar fertilizer) were used. The analyzed...
Dairy Feed Resources and Their Chemical Compositions in Haramaya University Dairy Farm
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The aim of this study was to analyzing chemical composition of major feeds. A total of 7 feed samples were collected from the farmThe results of laboratory analysis of chemical composition showed that the DM content of grass hay was highest (92.35%) of all others. the DM of R1 rations was highest (89.38.) among rations. The ash content of these ingredients was 8.84 highest in grass hay. The highest crude protein content...
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Evidence contradicting the usual negative relationship between farm size and productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) casts doubt on the viability of a smallholder-led development strategy. This paper examine the relationship between farm size and total factor productivity by employing a Cobb-Douglas production and survey data from mainland Tanzania. Two important contributions are highlighted: (1) examine relationship...
The Competitiveness of The Gambia Agro-food Trade
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This paper examines the competitiveness of The Gambia agri-food exports from 2012 to 2021 utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index, the Kaplan-Meier survival function, and Cox regression model. The results indicate that thirteen of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the global market, while seven of the twenty-four products have comparative advantages in the regional market. In terms of...
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The Present study was conducted to find the effect of vermicompost application on yield and some other parameters of cabbage under highly weathered soils of Uganda. Five rates of vermicomposte (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t/ha) were applied on cabbage, planted in plots and arranged in RCBD during three seasons with three replications each. Plant height, number of leaves and Leaf size were measured during the vegetative growth...
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A study was conducted to investigate the effect of reducing broadcast seeding rates on Tef yield and yield components during the 2013 cropping season in Ebinat District. A study was important to determine the optimum seed rate in order to increase Tef yields. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used to generate reduced seeding rates at nine levels: 5, 7.5, 10, 12, 5, 15, 17, 5, 20, and 25...
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Farmers in Ethiopia have traditionally practiced agroforestry to improve soil fertility. Yet, there is a paucity of information on the effects of scattered trees in farmlands on soil fertility. The study aimed to investigate whether scattered Faidherbia albida trees in farmers’ land in the Kenna District, Konso Zone, southern Ethiopia, affect soil properties. We selected three farmlands, and in each farmland, we designated...
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Livestock production sector could be responsible for zoonotic diseases which have public health and economic importance. The present study assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about zoonotic diseases among smallholder cattle farmers in Gicumbi District of Rwanda. The data were collected from 120 randomly farmers through a Semi-structured questionnaire, then coded and analyzed using Statistical Package of...
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The experiment was conducted with the aim of assessing the effect of increasing levels of protein and energy supplements on feed intake and body weight change of Black Head Somali sheep. Randomized complete block design was employed with 5 treatments and 6 blocks. The average initial weight of the yearling experimental sheep was 22.19 ± 0.21 kg. The supplement feed was formulated from groundnut cake, brewery dried grain...
Research Progress on Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Transmitted by Thrips
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Thrip is a collective name for Thysanoptera, an agricultural pest that is widely distributed around the world and transmits viruses, in addition, to directly eating crops, causing extremely serious economic losses. Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is one of the main viruses transmitted by thrips. Since the discovery of TSWV in 1919, much progress and achievements have been made in its characteristics, mechanism of...
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The objective of this study was to describe effects of temperature regimes and rainfall patterns on cotton production in Zimbabwe. A 30 years climate data was sourced from Zimbabwe Department of Meteorological Services and cotton statistics from Department of Agriculture and rural extension (AREX), Zimbabwe. Descriptive statistics was used to determine observed trends between the recorded climatic data and the cotton...
Physico-chemical properties of irradiated fresh tomatoes
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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of various levels of gamma irradiation on the physico-chemical composition of fresh tomatoes. Tomato samples were irradiated in a Co-60 gamma irradiator and maintained at 25 °C ± 2 storage conditions. The experiment was designed with five treatments of radiation dose (0, 0.5, 0.75 1.0, 1.5, and 2 kGy). Before irradiation, the initial composition of physical-chemical properties were...
Porter’s diamond model and Zimbabwe’s national competitiveness in the cut flower industry
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Zimbabwe’s cut flower industry has declined over the past years. We determined the national competitiveness of Zimbabwe’s cut flower industry using Porter’s diamond model of competitive advantage in 2018 using a descriptive and exploratory design that made use of qualitative and quantitative research methods. Low numbers of key players in the industry forced researchers to administer questionnaires to only 20 respondents...
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Information on the effects of various land-use types on selected soil properties is critical for the sustainable use of soil resources. As a result, this study was carried out to assess the variation of soil properties attributable to land-use types and soil depth of the western highland of Oromia. A total of 45 composite soil samples were collected from forest, grass, eucalyptus plantation, cultivate and grazing lands...
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Small pod hot Pepper is a seasonal plant of the family Solanaceae. It is grown as an annual crop and produced for its fruits. It is one of the most important vegetable crops for fresh consumption, for processing and as a spice (for making stew). A field experiment was conducted at Haro Sabu Agricultural Research Center on station, Sedi Canqa and Lalo Qile sub sites of Kellem Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia, during the 2020...
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Heavy metal cycles in horticultural systems in areas supplying vegetables to Mbare Musika were characterized with reference to the soil, water, fertilizers used and crops grown from different ecological zones of Zimbabwe. Apart from inherent soil heavy metal properties, anthropogenic sources contributed through irrigation water and fertilizers. Different areas specialized in growing peculiar vegetables through influence of...
Evaluation of Zimbabwean tobacco varieties for potential as a source of Tobacco Seed Oil (TSO).
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The impending curtailing of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) use in its traditional smoking form demands that economies previously dependent on tobacco as a cash crop find alternatives. Alternatively, to enable the continued use of set infrastructure and experience by growers, these economies could continue the growing of the crop for other uses. The objective of this trial was, therefore, to explore alternative uses of...
Effects of selected herbicides on management of weeds in finger millet (Eleusine coracana L)
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Weeds infestation is a major biotic stress that has to be addressed in order to attain optimal productivity of finger millet. A study was conducted to determine the suitable herbicides(s) for effective weed management in finger millet. Field experiments were conducted at Baringo and Kericho counties in Kenya for two growing seasons. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated...
The role of conservation agriculture in sustainable crop production: A Review
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The world human population is expected to increase from 7.7 billion in 2019 to 9.7 billion in 2050. To meet the world`s food demand, agricultural systems around the world are required to change from the current scenario to produce more food sustainably. In this regard Conservation Agriculture has been advocated as an agricultural system capable of attaining the sustainable intensification required to meet world food...
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Homegarden agroforestry system is recognized as inclusive and ecologically sound system. However, the recently observed change from enset-coffee based homegardens to cash crop khat, is expected to cause decline in tree species diversity and soil organic carbon. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the effect of traditional homegarden system change to khat based system on tree species diversity and soil carbon in Wondo Genet...
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This study identifies the factors affecting adoption of wheat row planting practices by smallholder farmers in the study area. Both quantitative and qualitative approaches to achieve the study’s goals were used. Moreover cross sectional research design using random sampling technique was employed and data were gathered from 141 respondents. Sample respondents were selected from sample frame based on random sampling...
Intercropping as a multiple advantage cropping system: Review
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The objective of this review paper is to organize relevant literature on the multiple advantages of intercropping system using the results of researches undertaken in different parts of the world. Accordingly, relevant materials including journal articles reviews and short communications were used to organize the review entitled “intercropping as a multiple advantage cropping system”. The review material can assist...
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of NPSB (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, sulphur, Boron) blended fertilizer rates on maize yield and yield components. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design of the treatments (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kgha-1) of NPSB blended fertilizer rates with three replication and recommended nitrogen rates for maize production at both Alle and Abu...
Relative importance of functions of innovation system on cassava climate smart farming in Kenya
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Functions of innovation systems framework has established their value as tools for exploring socio-technological transitions and economic development. Although the “seven functions” model has demonstrated its academic value across a vast literature, there have been few attempts to explore the role of the model in climate smart farming. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine relative importance of functions of...
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Green bean is a significant vegetable and a top-priority crop. The productivity of green bean is low, primarily due to poor soil fertility. According to the government's soil database, the southwest Ethiopian soils are deficient in sulfur, phosphorus and nitrogen. However, a study on the application of two different varieties and NPS fertilizer rate, a field experiment was carried out to determine the optimum NPS...
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Participatory varietal selection (PVS) is one of the most rapid and cost-effective ways for breeders, farmers, and agronomists to identify high-yielding and well adapted varieties to current climate threats and to obtain feedback from the potential end users in the early phases of the breeding cycle (s). On the other hand, a participatory evaluation of improved and local varieties of pearl millet, sorghum, cowpea, and...
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The liquid obtained after anaerobic fermentation of pig manure (biofertilizer) from hoggery is beneficial for the supply of crop nutrients. This study was proceeded to the effect of irrigation by biofertilizer on crops. The irrigation area was set based on the amount of appropriate fertilization for nine crops in the crop fertilization manual (FI), and the application of chemical fertilizers were set as control...
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The exploitation of diverse cropping practices alongside residue incorporation has remained low among small-holder rural farming households in Sub-Saharan Africa. Three-strata forage system (TSFS) which integrates forages for animal feeds with food crops is a significant sustainable strategy for enhancing residue incorporation. This study was conducted in Busia County in Kenya to; i) determine the effects of TSFS on yield...
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Ethiopian Mustard is a quick growing indigenous vegetable less documented in Zambia. A study was done to evaluate selected Ethiopian mustard genotypes for adaptability to Zambian environment. Seven genotypes - Mbeya Green, Mbeya Purple, Mustard-1, Arumeru, Chinasaki, Rungwe and RW-B-1 ex World vegetable Centre, Tanzania were used. The study was conducted at the University of Zambia under dry winter and wet summer...
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A factorial experiment (5*3) with three replications was conducted to assess the effects of three harvesting intervals on growth, productivity and nutrition of five Cenchrus ciliaris ecotypes. Ecotypes Ologoraing’ok namelock (On), Ologoraing’ok twanga (Ot), Nzingangata (Nz), Orupilipili (Op) and Iramata mtandika (Im) were harvested at 21 (T1), 28 (T2), and 35 (T3) days. Plant height (PH), tiller number (TNT), and leaf area...
Genetic Parameters Estimate Of Iron And Zinc Nutrients In Common Bean Genotypes
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There is need to know the heritability of different traits for the effective selection of parents for future breeding activities. A study was carried out to determine heritability of iron and zinc in common bean. Crosses were made with each donor and recipient parents to obtain four different types of crosses. Part of the F1 seed from each cross was sown in the screen house to produce F2 seeds and also backcrossed to both...
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This article focuses on the results from trials developed to monitor the short-term effects of conventionally tilled systems versus CA on soil quality and crop productivity under conditions of the major cropping systems in central, north-central and north-eastern regions of Namibia. Conventional tillage (CT), Minimum tillage (MT), Minimum tillage, mulch (MT-M), Minimum tillage, rotation (MT-R) and Minimum tillage, mulch...
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The main objective of this study was to access smallholder farmers’ perception of climate change and their response in adoption of climate adaptation strategies in the case of Karat Zuria Woreda, Konso Zone, Ethiopia. The totals of 153 farmers from three kebeles were randomly selected. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire survey, key informant interviews, focus group...
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A field survey was conducted with a total of 540 dairy farmers interviewed personally to collect data on their socio-economic condition and feeding management practices of dairy farmers from 6 Upazila under 3 divisions of Bangladesh. As result, a maximum of the respondents (43%) belonged to the secondary level of education whereas only (3%) of the illiterate farmer was involved with dairy farming. Farmers of patiya owned...
Use of information communication technologies by cricket farmers
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Cricket farming is an upcoming enterprise to most households in rural communities. Apparently, there is no documented evidence on how farmers access agricultural information on cricket value chain. This study was carried out to assess the use of information communication technologies (ICTs) by farmers to access value chain information. ICTs application in cricket farming means ease to access cricket value chain information...
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Water stress is the most limiting abiotic stress factor for soybean growth, development and production in semi-arid regions. The development of new soybean cultivars with high efficiency and ability to drought resistance is very important. Field experiment was conducted to investigated the impact of irrigation regimes at different growth stages [Full irrigation, irrigation regimes at vegetable growth, flowering, and pod...
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil crop in the world. A significant genotype by environmental interaction (GEI) presents challenges in the selection of superior genotypes. The objective of this study was to identify stable and high yielding sesame genotypes. Accordingly, 16 sesame genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design at six distinct environments. All important data were collected and...
Politicking maize production subsidies, discordant policing and maize self- sufficiency in Zimbabwe
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This paper discusses the main challenges faced by Zimbabwe in attaining self-sufficiency in maize production. Being a staple crop, failing to achieve self-sufficiency in maize production would force the country to import maize thereby straining its limited foreign currency and crowding out more important imports like fuel and healthcare drugs. Focusing on experiences, views, and opinions from three districts in Mashonaland...
Postulation of Stem Rust Resistance Genes in Ethiopian Durum Wheat Cultivars and Lines
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Wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici) is the most important one production constraint in Ethiopia. Cultivars with the same genes may increase the selection pressure for corresponding virulent races. Thus, knowledge of resistance genes in cultivars is important for deploying cultivars with different genes to reduce damage. This study was aimed to postulate resistance genes in Ethiopian durum wheat genotypes....
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Okra is an economically important vegetable crop cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical parts of the world with a multipurpose due to its various uses of the fresh leaves, buds, flowers, pods, stems and seeds. Thus, characterization and quantification of the genetic diversity and information on the genetic diversity within and among closely related crop genotypes is essential for a rational use of plant genetic resources...
MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS IN BRAZILIAN ANIMAL HANDLERS – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
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Introduction: The animal handler performs activities such as feeding, restraining and transporting animals. This worker may develop musculoskeletal disorders resulting from working conditions. Objectives: To describe musculoskeletal symptoms in Brazilian animal handlers. Method: This study was carried out with the population of animal handlers in an Ecological Park. Initially, a sociodemographic and health questionnaire...
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Field experiments were conducted at ChukwuemekaOdumegwuOjukwu University, Igbariam research field in 2019 and 2020 cropping seasons. The objectives were to evaluate the biomass and grain yield of six sorghum cultivars (CSR01, Samsorg11, Samsorg40, Samsorg44, Samsorg45 and Samsorg46) under four plant densities (941760, 1333000, 2182000 and 5714000 plants/ha) constituted the treatments which were laid out in a randomized...
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This activity was conducted in Ilu-Gelan, Bako Tibe, Gobu Sayo, Sibu Sire, Bonaya Boshe and Ilu-Harar districts of Western Oromia with the objective of demonstrating the recently released maize varieties, BH-546 and BH-547 along with Limu as standard check to the farming community in these districts. These districts were purposively selected based on potentiality for maize production; and one potential PA from each...
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Hot pepper is one of the Ethiopia's most commercially significant vegetable and spice horticultural crop. However, due to a lack of soil fertility and other variables, its output is quite poor. Moreover, the main obstacles restricting the production are insufficient fertilization and a lack of recommendations on the proper rates of application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. In the 2020–2021 growing season, research...
Role of inclusive finance in smallholder farmer’s growth and commercialisation in SADC
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Inclusive finance refers to the delivery of financial services and products that are available, accessible, and affordable to all segments of society, to achieve inclusive economic growth. In the Southern African Development Community (SADC), smallholder farmers are disadvantaged from accessing formal financial services and this has affected the commercialisation of smallholder farmers. This paper examines the role of...
Daily weight gain of goats until weaning receiving two schemes of mineral supplementation
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of commercial mineral supplementation and selective mineral supplements in which only elements known to be deficient in the animal's diet. In an experiment conducted in Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, were analyzed: daily weight gain, nutritional and economic aspects of goats mixed breed receiving two types of mineral supplements. The sixteen...
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Yellow maize varieties in Ghana have low beta-carotene levels, but if improved, they could lessen the negative health effects of vitamin-A deficiency. Finding promising yellow maize accessions that could be used to breed higher beta-carotene varieties was the goal of the study.The study involved the collection of 100 local accessions, phenotypic identification, evaluation of genetic relatedness, and quantification of the...
EFFECTS OF POLICY REFORM ON SUPPLY RESPONSE OF SMALL-SCALE PADDY RICE PRODUCERS IN NIGERIA
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This study adopted the concept of marketed surplus to establish output supply response of paddy rice to input and output prices using cross sectional panel data produced by NBS in 2012/2013 and 2017/2018 later referred to in this report as period I and II respectively. A Tobit regression was performed on a semi-log functional form and the supply response elasticities estimated as products of coefficient of the marginal...
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