Phenolic content and phospholipids peroxidation inhibition by methanolic extracts of two medicinal plants: Elionurus muticus and Hypoxis hemerocallidea
December 2007
Two commonly known medicinal plants from Zimbabwe were analyzed for total phenolic content, superoxide radical scavenging activity and the ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in rat brain extracts. The plant samples used in this study were Elionurus muticus and Hypoxis hemerocallidea. The Folin Ciocalteu method was used to determine the...
Determination of the glycemic index of steamed cakes using two different legumes 'bambara nut (Vigna subterranean) and cowpea (Vigina unguiculata)'
December 2007
This study was carried out to determine the blood glucose response and glycemic index of food for diabetics and non-diabetics. The subjects comprised of 10 diabetics and 7 non-diabetics. The results of the physical characteristics showed that the diabetic subjects were on the average older (age bracket between 51 and 70years) than the non-diabetics (18 and 23years). The Body mass index (BMI) values indicated...
Influence of Cassia auriculata flowers on insulin receptors in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats: studies on insulin binding to erythrocytes
December 2007
In this paper, we investigated the insulin-receptor-binding effect of Cassia auriculata flower extract (CFEt) in streptozotocin induced male wistar rats, using circulating erythrocytes as a model system. We measured the levels of plasma glucose and plasma insulin and the binding of insulin to cell-membrane erythrocyte receptors (ER) in CFEt and glibenclamide treated diabetic rats. The mean specific...
Evaluation of biochemical indices of male rat reproductive function and testicular histology in wistar rats following chronic administration of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis (Schweinf. Ex Heirn) stem
December 2007
The effects of administration of aqueous extracts of Fadogia agrestis stem for 28 days and the 10 days post treatment effects on biochemical indices of reproductive function and testicular histology were evaluated in male albino rats. The rats were randomly selected into four study groups, A, B, C and D of 10 rats per group. Animals in group A (control) received 1 ml of distilled water (vehicle),...
Lavudine therapy and hepatotoxicity as seen in a Nigerian tertiary antiretroviral treatment centre
November 2007
Hepatic toxicity is a common complication of anti-retroviral treatment in HIV patients, usually indicated or heralded by the elevation of liver transaminases measured in the blood. There had been reported evidence of hepatic toxicity in all the three currently approved classes of anti-retroviral drugs. However, its severity in some cases...
Quantitation of alcohols in orange wine fermented by four strains of yeast
November 2007
Gas liquid chromatography was used to identify the types of alcohol present in wines produced by fermenting orange juice with four strains of yeast; Saccharomyces cerevisiae (isolated from yam), S. cerevisiae (from sugarcane molasses),Saccharomyces carlsbergensis (from sugarcane molasses) and S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus (from orange juice). Ethanol and methanol were the...
Effect of Emblica officinalis against alcohol-induced biochemical changes in plasma and red blood cells of rats
November 2007
Alcohol is widely abused as a psychoactive drug. Emblica officinalis is known for its therapeutic effects and the present study is aimed at investigating therapeutic efficacy of aqueous extract of Emblica officinalis (AEEO) against alcohol-induced damage. Thirty three percent (v/v) alcohol (10 g/kg body weight) and AEEO (250 mg/kg body weight/day) was orally administered once a day for 60...
Biochemical characterization of two α -mannosidases from breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds
November 2007
The importance of α -mannosidases in glycoproteins processing and their application in food and pharmaceutical industry led us to further explore plant α -mannosidases. Thus, two α -mannosidases were purified from matured breadfruit (Artocarpus communis) seeds, by successive chromatography on Diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose CL-6B and Sephacryl S-200 HR to apparent...
Protective effect of betaine on changes in the levels of protein, glycoproteins and amino acids in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats
November 2007
The protective effect of betaine administration on changes in the levels of protein, glycoproteins and amino acids was studied in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in rats as an animal model of myocardial infarction in man. Oral pre-treatment with betaine significantly (P<0.05) attenuated the isoprenaline-induced rise in the levels of troponin-T...
Garcinia kola extract reduced cisplatin-induced kidney dysfunction in rats
November 2007
The effect of Garcinia kola extract on cisplatin-induced renal insufficiency in rats was studied. A total of fifteen rats were used for the study and were split into three groups of five rats per group. Rats in group I were normal controls. Renal insufficiency was induced in rats of groups II and III by a single intraperitoneal administration of cisplatin (5 mg/kg b.w.). After three days, rats in...
Impact of processing technique on the apparent bioavailability of cooking banana (matooke) starch
October 2007
The aim of the study was to compare the apparent bioavailability of starch in raw, cooked and extruded matooke flours using weanling mice. Two control and three test groups consisting of seven mice each (initial body weight of 21.32 ± 1.05 g) were fed diets incorporating soluble unavailable starch (Control I), soluble starch (Control II) and raw, cooked and extruded matooke flours as carbohydrate...
N-nitrosodimethylamine induced changes in the activities of carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes in the liver of male mice: role of glutathione and gossypol as antioxidants
October 2007
The importance of nutrition in protecting living organisms from the toxic effects of environmental carcinogens has attracted the attention of many researchers. In order to exert their toxic and/or carcinogenic effects, most carcinogens need to be activated primarily by phase I drug-metabolizing enzymes including; cytochrome P450, cytochrome b5, arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), N-nitroso-dimethylamine...
Biochemical assessment of the effects of crude oil contaminated catfish (Clarias gariepinus) on the hepatocytes and performance of rat
October 2007
Biochemical investigations were carried out to assess the effect of consumption of crude oil contaminated catfish on the hepatocytes and performance of rat. Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) (n = 120) were grouped into 6 of 20 catfish each and held for 30 h in 5 different mixtures of crude oil polluted water (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1% v/v). Catfish in the...
Physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of optimized and traditional shea butters from Côte d’Ivoire
September 2007
A comparison was realized between the characteristics of shea butters from local markets in Côte d’Ivoire and optimized shea butters, manufactured in a laboratory, in order to valuate the improvements in quality. Large diversity concerning the colour (beige, grey and yellow), odour (odourless, moderate, fragrant and rancid) and the consistency (soft and hard) was found for the ordinary shea butter...
Xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum (PCL501) fermented on cellulosic wastes
September 2007
Xylanase production by Penicillium chrysogenum PCL501, newly isolated from wood-wastes, was monitored at 24 h intervals for a period 168 h in media containing four different carbon sources (oat-spelt xylan, wheat bran, sawdust, and sugarcane pulp). The highest xylanase activity of 6.47 Units mL-1 was obtained at 96 h in media containing wheat bran whereas media containing sugarcane pulp gave a...
Sickle-cell anaemia in Nigeria: dermatoglyphic analysis of 90 cases
September 2007
Dermatoglyphic analysis of 90 Sickle-cell Anaemia cases and 90 normal subjects was carried out in this study. It involved the digital patterns, ATD angle, A – B ridge count, axial triradius, digital triradius and palmar crease on the hands. 58.44% of the digital patterns in sickle-cell cases were ulnar loop as against 60.14% in the normals. The percentage of Whorl, arch and radial loop in...
Biological responses of injured human skin fibroblasts to assess the efficacy of in vitro models for cell stress studies
September 2007
The classical central scratch method has been used to successfully induce a wound environment however this model has been criticized. This study aimed to compare the cellular responses of normal fibroblast cells with those of wounded, diabetic wounded, acidic and hypoxic cells to determine if the latter two models are more effective in inducing an injured environment than the central scratch method. The...
Suppression-subtractive hybridization: A rapid and inexpensive detection methodology for up-regulated Perkinsus olseni genes
August 2007
A cDNA forward subtraction library was constructed from the mollusc parasite Perkinsus olseni exposed to hemolymph from its natural host, the clam Ruditapes decussatus, and two different methodologies were used to unravel different non-redundant contigs. Our results demonstrated that screening of the non-enriched direct cDNA subtractive library (Dfsl) was the most efficient and least time-...
Analysis of phenolic compounds in Ugandan sweet potato varieties (NSP, SPK AND TZ)
August 2007
Sweet potato varieties: Nsp, Tz and Spk obtained from Uganda were used in this study. Several phenolic compounds were identified on the basis of their mass spectra in full scan mode and the pattern of their fragmentation. The major compounds found were caffeoylquinic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, coumaroylquinic acid,...
Altered plasma hexose sugar metabolism in sickle cell anaemia
August 2007
Theoretical suggestion that the metabolism and plasma levels of some hexoses (glucose and fructose) in sickle cell anaemia could be altered was investigated. The levels were determined for 35 normal (HbAA) and for the three sickle cell states (32 HbAS; 35 HbSS, and 33 HbSS-in-crisis, HbSSc). The enzymatic glucose-oxidase method was employed in glucose estimation. The reaction of fructose with...
Numerical simulation of the internal vibrations of COOH group in amino-salicylic acids
July 2007
Our present work reports the IR spectra of amino substituted salicylic acids recorded by FTIR spectrometer and also simulated theoretically. The simulation was performed using GF matrix and AM1, PM3, DFT method. In this work, the following steps were taken: optimizing the geometry, computing the IR spectra and comparing it with experimental spectra. Assuming Cspoint symmetry, vibrational assignments for the...
Removal of iron, zinc and magnesium from polluted water samples using thioglycolic modified oil-palm fibre
July 2007
Various kinds of agro and wood based fibres can be used to filter both trace and heavy metals from contaminated solutions. The efficacy of thioglycolic acid treated oil-palm fibre was investigated in this study. The result showed maximum absorptions (at pH = 6) of 83.6, 75.6 and 50.8% for Fe++, Zn++ and Mg++ respectively in the Southern Point (SP) samples. Similarly, 79.1, 78.3 and 77.5% for Fe++,...
Some valuable fatty acids exposed from wedge clam Donax cuneatus (Linnaeus)
July 2007
The fatty acid composition of the wedge clam Donax cuneatus collected from the sandy beach of Cuddalore (southeast coast of India) was determined. In the analysis, the fatty acid profile by gas chromatography revealed the presence of higher amount of saturated fatty acids (35.28%) than mono (12.71%) and polyunsaturated (11.72%) fatty acids. Among the saturated fatty acids, the stearic acid...
Occurrence of malondialdehyde and N- nitrosamines and their precursors in some Nigerian ice creams, yogurts, meat and fish species
June 2007
The malondialdehyde (a deleterious by-product of lipid peroxidation) and N-nitrosamines and their precursors (nitrate and nitrite) content of seven (7) and three (3) brands of Nigerian yogurts and ice-creams respectively as well as that of some meat and fish samples were determined using chemical methods. Malondialdehyde and nitrite were estimated spectrophotometrically, nitrate after reduction to nitrite...
Effect of carbon sources on cellulase (EC 3. 2. 1. 4) production by Penicillium chrysogenum PCL501
June 2007
The effects of glucose, crystalline cellulose and sawdust of Mitragyna cilata on the growth and cellulase production, inferred from cellulase (EC 3. 2. 1. 4) activity, of Penicillium chrysogenum PCL501 was determined. Glucose-containing media gave the highest mycelia weight of 1.78 mg mL-1 in 120 h of incubation. This is about 3.5 – 4.5 times the maximum weights of 0.51 and 0.40...
Page 9 of 9, showing 25 records out of 425 total, starting on record 401, ending on 425
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