African Journal of
Biotechnology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biotechnol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1684-5315
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJB
  • Start Year: 2002
  • Published Articles: 12496

Full Length Research Paper

Effects of artemether on the plasma and urine concentrations of some electrolytes in rats

R.O. Akomolafe1*, I.O. Adeoshun1, J.B. Fakunle2, E.O. Iwalewa3, A.O. Ayoka1, O.E. Ajayi1, O.M. Odeleye4 and B.O. Akanji5
1Department of Physiological Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 2Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 3Department of Pharmacology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 4Department of Pharmacognosy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. 5Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Email: [email protected]

  •  Accepted: 24 March 2011
  •  Published: 16 May 2011

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the changes in the urine levels of sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and calcium (Ca2+) of rats during a week of intramuscular administration of artemether (12.5 to 50.0 mg/kg/day), another one week thereafter and their concentrations in the plasma at the end of the study. At 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg of artemether, urine Na+ concentration was significantly increased throughout the study (p < 0.05), except on Day 7 (at 12.5 mg/kg) and Day 11 (at 25.0 mg/kg), when it was not significantly different from the control. At 12.5 mg/kg of the drug, urine K+ concentration was significantly increased throughout the study (p < 0.05). Artemether caused no significant changes in urine Ca2+ concentration in the control rats as well as those that received 12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg of artemether. Progressive and significant reductions in the urine concentrations of all the electrolytes at 50.0 mg/kg of artemether were observed. Their concentrations in the plasma were also significantly reduced at this dose of the drug. A dose-dependent degeneration of the renal tissue of all the experimental rats was also observed. We concluded that high doses of artemether caused progressive degeneration of the renal tissue of rats, inability of the damaged kidneys to concentrate urine, which manifested as excessive water loss and electrolyte depletion.

 

Key words: Artemether, electrolytes in plasma, urine concentrations, rats.