August 2004
Physicochemical features of rhodanese: A review
Rhodanese is a multifunctional, mitochondrial, sulphur transferase that catalyses the detoxification of cyanide by sulphuration in a double displacement (ping pong) mechanistic reaction. It is widely distributed occurring in varieties of plants and animals, where it activity is modulated by a number of factors including differences in species, organs, sex, age and diet. The enzyme is a single polypeptide chain...
August 2004
Callus induction and growth in transgenic potato genotypes
The aim of this study was to establish an effective protocol for callus induction from the potato genotypes (Solanum tuberosum L.) used and to investigate whether the transferred oxalate oxidase enzyme or transformation procedure has any effect on callus induction of transgenic lines of cultivar Desiree and Maris Bard. The results showed that the effects of genotype and medium on measured characters were highly...
August 2004
Control of Meloidogyne incognita (kofoid and white) chitwood (root-knot nematode) of Lycopersicon esculentus (tomato) using cowdung and urine
Screenhouse experiments were conducted to test the efficacy of cowdung and urine separately and in combination in the control of root-knot nematode of tomato. Equal quantities of cowdung, urine and their mixture were separately made up to one litre with autoclaved soil. Two weeks old seedlings of tomato raised in autoclaved soil were transplanted into soil manure mixture and inoculated with 1,000 second stage larvae...
August 2004
Entomopathogenic fungi in population of Zonocerus variegatus (l) in Ibadan, Southwest, Nigeria
Field survey of population of Zonocerus variegatus revealed a high fungal incidence of 76% when Sporulation tests were carried out on grasshoppers cadaver. Eight fungi with differing incidence rates were isolated. These are Fusarium sp. (8%); Beauveria bassiana (18%); Metarhizium sp. (20%); Aspergillus flavus (10%); Penicillium sp. (13%) Aspergillus...
August 2004
Optimization of industrial production of rifamycin B by Amycolatopsis mediterranei. III. Production in fed-batch mode in shake flasks
Optimization of the fermentation process using the gene amplified variant of Amycolatopsis mediterranei, NCH, in the fermentation medium F2 was carried out by the application of fed-batch regime. The addition of 12% glucose alone at day 4 or simultaneously with 0.1% yeast extract at day 2 led to an increase in the yield of rifamycin B by 46% and 57%, respectively. The application of fed-batch regime together with...
August 2004
Studies on the degradation of wood sawdust by Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer
Lentinus squarrosulus (Mont.) Singer, a basidiomycete also known as a white rot fungi, was immobilized on sodium alginate and tested for the effectiveness to degrade wood sawdust (WSD). Untreated and 0.1 M HCl-pretreated WSD samples were separately reacted in a micro-carrier bioreactor (mCBR) and the extent of degradation to form protein, glucose and ethanol was investigated. Pretreatment enhanced the...
August 2004
Functional properties of amylopectin and amylose fractions isolated from bambarra groundnut (Voandzeia subterranean) starch
Bambarra groundnut starch was fractionated into amylose and amylopectin fractions, and chemical modifications, through oxidation and acetylation, was applied to the amylose fraction. Percentage yield of amylose and amylopectin were 75% and 11% respectively. Proximate analysis revealed that percentage protein, ash, crude fibre and crude fat were below 1%. Swelling capacity and solubility of all the samples increased with...
August 2004
Role of sialic acids in the midguts of Trypanosoma congolense infected Culex pipense pipiense mosquitoes
Free and total sialic acid concentrations were determined in the midgut extract of Culex pipiense pipiense mosquitoes infected with Trypanosoma congolense. The mean total sialic acid concentrations were found to be 1.5 to 2 fold higher than the mean free sialic acid concentrations in the midgut extracts of all the groups of the T. congolense infectedC.p. pipiense. Infusion of 10 mg/ml...
August 2004
Performance of rats orogastrically dosed with faecal strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and challenged with Escherichia coli
Albino rats (Rattus norvegicus) were orogastrically dosed with faecal strains ofLactobacillus acidophilus and simultaneously infected with Escherichia coli, while the control was challenged with E. coli alone. The treatment was repeated the second day and post ingestion period of 18 days follow. It was observed that rats dosed with L. acidophilus and simultaneously challenged with E....
August 2004
Performance, proximate and mineral analyses of African giant land snail (Archachatina marginata) fed different nitrogen sources
The effect of different nitrogen sources in the diets offered to caged African giant land snail, Archachatina marginata, was investigated in a six months experiment. Four experimental diets I, II, III and IV containing soybean, fishmeal, poultry dropping and urea as the only nitrogen source, respectively were formulated. Diet V (Pawpaw leaves) served as the control. Growth parameters (weight gain, feed...
August 2004
Use of palm oil in the diet of the African mudfish, Clarias gariepinus
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the substitution of fish oil with palm oil in the diet of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings over a 49 day period. Four diets were prepared with fish oil substituted with palm oil at 0% (control Diet 1), 25% (Diet 2), 50% (Diet 3) and 100% (Diet-4), using a completely randomised block design. Mortality was observed in all the treatments, while fish fed with...
August 2004
Analysis of genetic structure in Melia volkensii (Gurke.) populations using random amplified polymorphic DNA
Melia volkensii (Gurke.) is a popular fast growing agroforestry tree species in the East Africa’s arid and semi arid lands (ASALs). The species is valued for its high quality termite resistant timber. In addition, its fruits are eaten by livestock thus making it the species of choice by small-scale farmers. However, the species has been overexploited and information on its existing gene pool is...
August 2004
Antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of four derivatives of salicylic acid and anthranilic acid in mice and rats
Four-Substituted derivatives of salicylic and anthranilic acids: 2-hydroxy-5-azidosulfonylbenzoic acid (HASBA, 1), 2-acetyloxy-5- azidosulfonylbenzoic acid (AASBA, 2), 2-acetamido-5- azidosulfonylbenzoic acid (AMASBA, 3) and 2-acetamido-5-sulfonamidobenzoic acid (AMSABA, 4) were synthesized and evaluated for their analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities. HASBA, AASBA and AMASBA showed higher...
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