Abstract

Eggs are susceptible to microbiological contamination by various pathogens on farms, particularly those belonging to the genus Staphylococcus, which are zoonotic bacteria capable of contaminating humans, animals, and/or birds, posing a significant public health concern. In Burkina Faso, limited data exists on the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, prompting this study to investigate the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of S. aureus on layer farms. To achieve this, a socio-demographic survey was conducted, followed by egg sampling from different farms. A pool of six eggs constituted one sample for each farm, and microbiological analysis was performed using standard methods. The antibiotic susceptibility of the strains was also tested. The results indicated a prevalence of 51.78% from litter, 35.59% from shells, and 10.16% from egg contents. The strains exhibited the highest resistance levels to Tetracycline (98%), Erythromycin (84%), Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (77%), Colistin (56%), Oxacillin (55%), and Cefoxitin (38%). However, the strains showed a high sensitivity to gentamycin (81%), and 56% were sensitive to Chloramphenicol. These findings highlight the contamination of eggs by antibiotic-resistant S. aureus, emphasizing the need to enhance good practices in the egg production chain to prevent such contamination.

Key words: Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, Staphylococcus aureus, poultry, Ouagadougou.