July 2014
Virulence strategies of phytopathogenic bacteria and their role in plant disease pathogenesis
Phytopathogenic bacteria have evolved several virulence strategies to face hostile environment of the host plant. In this article, we reviewed the recent progress in research on characterization of the virulence factors including secretion system with their protein effectors, toxins production, extracellular polysaccharides, growth regulators, cell wall degrading enzymes, biofilm formation, siderophores and their role...
July 2014
Alternaria blight of oilseed Brassicas: A comprehensive review
Oilseed brassicas also known as rapeseed-mustard is an important group of oilseed crop in the world. These crops are susceptible to a number of diseases caused by biotic and mesobiotic pathogens. Among various diseases, Alternaria leaf blight also known as Alternaria dark spot is the most destructive disease of oilseed brassicas species in all the continents. This disease is known to be incited by Alternaria brassicae,...
July 2014
Partial biochemical characterization of a thermostable chitinase produced by Streptomyces owasiensis isolated from lichens of the Amazonian region
The current study aims to identify Streptomyces spp., isolated in the Amazon region and capable of producing chitinase as well as to partially characterize the enzyme. Optimum temperature and pH, thermal and pH stabilities and the behavior of chitinase were determined as compared to other substances. Streptomyces owasiensis was the best chitinase producer in submerged culture fermentation using chitin 1% (w/v) at 140...
July 2014
Effect of fungicides, plant extracts / botanicals and bioagents against damping off in brinjal
Brinjal damping off incited by Pythium ultimum Trow. is one of the most important and destructive disease of brinjal, which can cause mortality upto 90% (pre -emergence seed rot and post emergence seedling mortality). Being soil borne, P. ultimum is very difficult to manage with fungicides alone and also uneconomical. Therefore, the present in vitro studies were undertaken to test bioefficacy of the nine fungicides...
July 2014
Variability among the potato sclerotial isolates of Rhizoctonia solani of Mountainous Region, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan
An experiment was carried out to find the variability among twenty sclerotial isolates of Rhizoctonia solani collected from potato growing areas of Gilgit-Baltistan. These isolates were grown in different culture media, mycelial compatibility and fungus protein profile were investigated. Culture media were used to study radial colony growth and sclerotial production of isolates. Radial colony growth (RCG) and sclerotial...
July 2014
Comparative analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ associated with Huanglongbing disease of Persian lime and Mexican lime reveals a major haplotype with worldwide distribution
Huanglongbing (HLB) is considered as one of the most destructive and devastating disease of citrus trees worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed the genetic diversity of the 16S rDNA gene sequence of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ (‘Ca.L. asiaticus’) strains from symptomatic trees of Citrus latifolia and Citrus aurantifolia with HLB and performed comparative analysis with sequences in...
July 2014
Effect of growth conditions on glutathione accumulation, gshR gene expression and resistance to the lyophilization process in Lactococcus lactis LVA. 2
The functionality of glutathione (GSH) and the effect of growth conditions on GSH accumulation, gshR gene expression and viability following lyophilization were examined in Lactococcus lactis LVA. 2. The accumulation of GSH under anaerobic and continuously stirred aerobic conditions enabled a higher GSH accumulation than a static aerobic culture, which is the growth condition normally used. The gshR gene expression...
July 2014
Resistance of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria isolates from Tanzania to copper and implications for bacterial spot management
Thirty isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv) from Tanzania were evaluated for sensitivity to copper sulphate (CuSO4:5H20) using dilution plate counts. Ninety-three percent (28/30) of the isolates produced countable colonies on nutrient glucose agar amended with 0.8 mM CuSO4. All the Xcv isolates (7/7) from Arusha (northern Tanzania) grew on the copper medium. Isolates of the pathogen from Iringa...
July 2014
Effect of the inoculation of Axonopus affinis plantlets with immobilized rhizobacteria exposed to cadmium
The interactions between plants with rhizosphere and root associated microorganisms have been considered because they are potentially useful in phytoremediation and are used as microbial inoculates (biofertilizers) that give bioprotection to plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. One of the methods safe and effective for introducing bioinoculants is the encapsulation of cells in biodegradable gel matrices like...
July 2014
Biotype, antibiotype, genotype and toxin gene tsst-1 in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Cotija cheese in the state of Guerrero, México
Milk and dairy products such as Cotija cheese are susceptible to contamination by Staphylococcus aureus. Some isolates of these bacteria carry the genes for enterotoxins and also the toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1), additionally, many of these strains are potentially resistant to antibiotics. In the present study, a total of 50 samples of Cotija cheese sold at the Central Market "Baltazar R Leyva...
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