January 2011
Ethnobotanical aspects of Rauvolfia serpentina (L). Benth. ex Kurz. in India, Nepal and Bangladesh
Rauvolfia serpentina has long being used in India for the treatment of snakebites, hypertension, high blood pressure and mental illness. The present review deals with the extensive amount of work undertaken in recent years at different parts of the Indian subcontinent to explore the use of this plant in the treatment of different ailments by the tribals or the aboriginals as a part of their ethnomedical system....
January 2011
In vitro antitrichomonal activity of Xanthium brasilicum vell and Argemone mexicana L different extracts
Whole plants of Xanthium brasilicum and Argemone mexicana were extracted by methanol, chloroform and water and then prepared in different concentrations in order to be examined for their trichomonacidal activities in vitro. Their activity was compared with metronidazole using strains of Trichomonas vaginalis freshly isolated from patients. Methanolic extracts of X....
January 2011
Piper betle L. and Psidium guajava L. in oral health maintenance
The objective of the study was to seek for new agents from plant extracts for use in dental plaque control. The emphasis was directed at the initial stage of dental plaque formation, specifically the adherence of bacteria referred to as the early plaque colonisers, to the acquired pellicle on the supragingival tooth surface. Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mitis and Actinomyces sp., the...
January 2011
Thin layer convective drying of mint leaves
The drying kinetics of mint leaves (Mentha spicata L.) in terms of moisture content, moisture ratio, drying time and rate, and effective moisture diffusivity was investigated. A laboratory model tunnel dryer at a speed of 30 rpm was employed to study the drying behaviour at 45, 50, 55, 60 and 65°C. Mint leaves drying primarily occurred in falling rate period. The drying data were fitted to seven thin...
January 2011
Effect of nano silver and silver nitrate on seed yield of borage
Borage plant (Borago officinalis L.) is an herbaceous annual plant. It was used as a medicinal plant since ancient times. Seed oil of this plant has been used to treat many skin disorders. It is the richest plant source of gamma-linoleic acid (GLA). However, seed production of borage is limited by flower and seed abscission. Ethylene is responsible for plant organs abscission which may be inhibited by silver ion...
January 2011
Phytochemical properties and in-vitro antifungal activity of Senna alata Linn. crude stem bark extract
This study reports on the phytochemical properties and in-vitro antifungal activity of Senna alata Linn. crude stem bark extract on clinical test dermatophytes. The studies on the antifungal activities of crude extracts of Senna alata L. stem bark were carried out. The test was conducted on dermatophytes, which included clinical dermatophytes of the genera Trichophyton,...
January 2011
Cellulase activity inhibition and growth retardation of associated bacterial strains of Aulacophora foviecollis by two glycosylated flavonoids isolated from Mangifera indica leaves
Two glycosylated flavonoids cyanidin-3- glycosides and quercetin-3-rutinoside were isolated from mango leaves, were studied for Aulacophora foeveicollis cellulase inhibition studies. The glycosylated flavonoids cyanidin-3- glucosides (C3G) was able to completely inhibit the enzyme while quercetin,3-(6-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-beta-d-glucopyranoside) (Rutin) inhibited to a lesser extant. Rutin and C3G proven...
January 2011
The protective effect of some polyphenolic compounds on lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatitis in D-galactosamine sensitized rats
To study the hepatoprotective effect of tea and cocoa extracts against liver injury and to know the potent effect of each in protecting the liver from Lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatitis in D-galactosamine sensitized rats. Eighteen healthy male rats were used in this study and divided into eight groups; group I and V received saline, groups II and VI received black tea, groups III and VII received green tea, groups IV...
January 2011
Molecular markers associated with genetic diversity of some medicinal plants in Sinai
The main objective of this work is to fingerprint some selected plant germplasm along the Western Red Sea coast of Sinai. Selection is based on the relative economic importance of these plants on the medicinal and pharmaceutical levels. Molecular markers such as RAPD, ISSR and AFLP technologies were used in this work to detect genetic diversity of the selected medicinal plants. The study showed that taxonomical...
January 2011
Correlation and sequential path analysis in Ajowan (Carum copticum L.)
Study on the relationships between yield and its components will improve the efficiency of breeding programs by determining appropriate selection criteria. An investigation was carried out on 10 populations of Ajowan to investigate the association among yield components and their direct and indirect effects on the seed yield of Ajowan. Populations were collected from different regions of Iran including, Hamadan,...
January 2011
Antioxidant activity of Melissa officinalis leaves
The purpose of this study was to evaluate antioxidant activities of water extract of Melissa officinalis (WEM) and ethanol extract of M. officinalis (EEM), comparatively. The WEM and EEM were evaluated for their radical scavenging activities by means of the DPPH and DMPD assays. WEM scavenged radicals effectively with IC50 values of 31.4 µg/mL for DPPH free radical and 60.5 µg /mL...
January 2011
The last gene involved in the MEP pathway of Artemisia annua: Cloning and characterization and functional identification
Hydroxymethylbutenyl 4-diphosphate reductase (HDR) catalyzes the last reaction of the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for the biosynthesis of artemisinin precursors, a branching step that separately produces isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) in a ratio of 5:1 to 6:1. The full-length cDNA sequence of HDR was cloned and characterized from Artemisia annua L. for the...
January 2011
In vitro evaluation of the effects of Polygonum orientale L. on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell
In this study, the stimulative effects of ethanol extract on proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cell were examined by in vitro assays, including cell proliferative CCK-8 assay, cell cycle analysis assay and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay. Cell proliferation results showed that the ethanol extract from Polygonum orientale L. stimulated cell proliferation...
January 2011
Melanogenesis inhibition by a crude extract of Magnolia officinalis
In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of a crude extract from Magnolia officinalis (MOE) on melanogenesis in both mouse B16 melanoma cells and zebrafish. Our results showed that MOE inhibited melanogenesis in either a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH)- or 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthin (IBMX)-stimulated B16 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 9.3 µg/ml....
January 2011
Phytochemical and antinociceptive study of leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L)
The crude ethanol extract of leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata (L). (Apocynaceae) was screened for its preliminary antinociceptive activity. The extract produced significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid induced mice at the oral dose of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight respectively (P<0.05, P<0.01) comparable to the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg/kg of body weight. The...
January 2011
Acetylcholineterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Rhododendron yedoense var. Poukhanense bark
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiacetylcholinesterase and antioxidant potential of 80% methanolic extract of Rhododendron yedoense var. poukhanense bark (RYBE). The extract was rich in total phenolic content (160 mg gallic acid equivalent/g of dry extract) and possessed flavonoids (2.2 mg quercetin equivalent/g of dry extract). The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory capacity...
January 2011
Gamma irradiation influences on some biological traits in two almond (Prunus amygdalus, L) cultivars
Mutation by ionizing radiations such as gamma-rays is being employed as one of the mutation breeding approaches to obtain the desirable mutant cultivars and genotypes in plants. Almond cultivars 'A200' and 'Sahand' are self-incompatible following pollination and fertilization problems. Therefore, obtaining their late-flowering and self-fertile mutants with good biological traits, by means of mutation,...
January 2011
Tropical medicinal plant extracts against rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L.
Rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. is one of the major pests of stored commodities, the adult weevils feed on rice and the females lay eggs inside rice kernels. In the study chemical composition of extracts from black pepper, Piper nigrum L. and physic nut, Jatropha curcas L. were tested against this pest, under laboratory conditions. The chemical compositions of the extracts were identified...
January 2011
In vitro study of pollen traits after short storage in some almond, apricot and sweet cherry favorable genotypes
Iran is one of the most important producers of almond, apricot and sweet cherry known as stone fruits belong to genus Prunus of Rosaceae family. Most of the stone fruit trees are gametophytically self-incompatible which makes necessary the selection of favorable pollinizer in orchard planning programs for producing positive crop. However, study of main pollen traits is one of the most important issues for...
January 2011
Physico-chemical analysis and mineral composition of some sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum L.) grown in the Gizan area of Saudi Arabia
Seeds of two local cultivars (dark and white) of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) were chemically analyzed for their physico-chemical characters specific gravity, refractive index, acidity, peroxide value, iodine number, saponification number and unsaponification unsaponified matter. Six mineral nutrients calcium, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, sodium and iron contents of the seeds were also determined. The...
January 2011
Pollen viability and longevity in some selected genotypes of peach, plum, prune and sour cherry
In stone fruit trees such as peach, plum, prune and sour cherry, pollen performance includes pollen quantity produced in a flower and pollen quality consists of viability, longevity, morphological homogeneity, pollen germination and pollen tube growth rate which are very important component of fertilization and fruit setting. However, study of main pollen traits is one of the most important approaches for the stone...
January 2011
Role of Nigella sativa in ameliorating chloramphenicol induced tissue damage in rats
Nigella sativa ascribed to have many medicinal properties. The study aimed to investigate whether N. sativa oil could decrease the side effects induced by the antibiotic, chloramphenicol. Rats were assigned into the following: The control group (first group); the second and the third groups which were orally administrated chloramphenicol for 21 days at a dose of 86 mg/kg body weight. Then the third group...
January 2011
Xanthine oxidase inhibition of selected Philippine medicinal plants
Extracts from selected species of Philippine plants traditionally used for their anti-inflammatory properties were examined for their ability to inhibit the action of xanthine oxidase. The degree of inhibition using Adenanthena payonina, Antegonon leptopus,Blumea balsamifera, Calophyllum inophyllum, Cassia alata, Cassia fistula, Gliricidia sepium, Michelia alba, Mimosa...
January 2011
Evaluation of antioxidant effects in vitro of garcinielliptone FC (GFC) isolated from Platonia insignis Mart
The antioxidant effects of garcinielliptone FC (GFC) isolated from the seeds of Platonia insignis were assessed in vitro tests (thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) assay, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity, and scavenging activity of nitric oxide (NO)). GFC was identified by analysis of spectroscopic data. GFC prevented oxidative damage to lipids induced by a free radical source in...
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