Evaluation of the pH of solid residues generated in the cellulose industry adequate to the sludge hygienization for use in agriculture
January 2020
This paper looks into the possibility of using solid residues generated in the cellulose production process to hygienize sewage sludge for fertilization. During the cellulose fabrication process, dregs, grits and vegetable biomass ashes are generated. Seven experiments were conducted in the Hydraulic Research Institute´s laboratory at UFRGS, in order to determine the pH values of the three residues in...
Management strategies for the noxious invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) in Uganda
January 2020
Parthenium weed is a noxious invasive species that has negative effects on agriculture and also causes allergic reactions in humans. The goal of this study was to evaluate several management strategies for parthenium weed and assess the suitability of each control measure for farmers, and other stakeholders in Uganda. Field experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design, and the quadrat sampling method...
Effect of vermicompost on growth, quality and economic return of garlic (Allium sativum L.) at Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia
December 2019
Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Ethiopia. The yield of the crop is often constrained by low and unbalanced nutrient supply in the soil. This study was undertaken to assess effect of vermicompost (VC) on growth, quality and economic return of garlic variety Chelenko I during 2016 main rainy season in Haramaya University main campus, Ethiopia. The treatment consisted of four levels of...
Consumers’ awareness of the presence of pathogenic bacteria and pesticide residues on tomatoes sold in Nairobi
December 2019
Tomato consumed worldwide for its vitamins and bioactive elements can harbor postharvest bacteria and pesticide residues. A cross-sectional survey using a semi-structured questionnaire was done in 101 households in Kangemi assessing consumers’ awareness on pesticide residues and bacterial presence on tomatoes sold in Nairobi. Questionnaire was administered in Kangemi during weekends, systematic random sampling was...
Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and genotype main effect and genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis of large white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes across environments in Ethiopia
December 2019
Undertaking a multi-environment trial prior to releasing a high yielding and stable varieties for a specific environment is a major step in plant breeding. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the effect of Genotype × Environment Interaction (GEI) and evaluate the adaptability and stability of sixteen large white common bean genotypes. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) and...
Community based participatory forest resources management practices in Chilimo forest, Dendi District, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
December 2019
This research has made an endeavor to analyze the practices of community based participatory forest management and its impacts on the incomes of the forest user groups and the forest cover of Chilimo forest, Dendi District, Ethiopia. 380 households were selected from seven peasant association proportionally and simple random sampling was adopted to choose the sample households from each peasant association. Both...
Effects of bio-stimulants on the yield of cucumber fruits and on nutrient content
December 2019
The aim of the experiment was to assess the effect of bio-stimulants of different composition (Asahi SL - based on three nitrophenol compounds, naturally occurring in plants, as active ingredients; Optisil – mineral growth stimulant containing 24 g L-1 of Fe and 200 g L-1 of SiO2; Kelpak SL – manufactured from Ecklonia maxima and containing auxins and cytokinins) on the content of macronutrients and...
Livelihood diversification and it’s determinants on rice farming households in Ogun State, Nigeria.
December 2019
This study assesses the nexus between livelihood diversification, technology adoption and food security status among rice farm households in the Ogun State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select two Agricultural Development Programme zones (Ikenne and Abeokuta zones) in the state. Purposive selection of two blocks per zone based on the concentration of rice farmers was done. Six farming cells were randomly...
The role of soil nutrient ratios in coffee quality: Their influence on bean size and cup quality in the natural coffee forest ecosystems of Ethiopia
December 2019
Nutrients are essential for plant growth and development, and soil nutrient ratios play key roles in coffee quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of soil nutrient ratios on the quality of wild Arabica coffee in Ethiopia. Results revealed that the balance between the soil nutrients was well correlated with coffee quality attributes. The balance between magnesium and calcium (Mg:Ca) and the...
The performance of selected commercial organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of bush beans in Central Uganda
December 2019
To assess the quality of commercial organic fertilizers in Uganda market, a quick survey was conducted to establish the organic fertilizers being sold in Container village market in Kampala Capital City. Different products were found being sold as organic fertilizers. Four of these fertilizers are two solid (Biochar and Fertiplus) and two liquid (Biogrow and Digrow) selected for a field study. Field...
Behavior of nursing Apis mellifera after application of entomopathogenic fungi to control Varroa destructor
December 2019
To study the possible use of fungi to control Varroa destructor Anderson & Trueman, a parasitic mite of Apis mellifera L., without effects on its pollinator’s behavior, the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) were applied at 30ºC in the dark, at 108 conidia/mL, a concentration known previously for its pathogenicity on V. destructor. Both...
Suitability of biosolids from university sewage ponds as a substrate for crop production
December 2019
Currently, sewage waste management is a serious environmental problem and one of the major growing concerns for urban areas all over the world. Utilization of biosolids (BS) for crop production may be a sustainable waste management strategy. The present study evaluated the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of biosolids from sewage ponds at Egerton University, Kenya. This was to determine its suitability...
An analysis of socioeconomic factors affecting avocado production in saline and flooded areas around Lake Victoria Basin of Western Kenya
December 2019
Avocado (Persia americana) a very important crop worldwide nutritionally and economically. In Kenya avocado does not thrive well in soils with high salinity, flooded or waterlogged areas. Survey was conducted around Lake Victoria Basin in Kenya to establish socioeconomic factors and flooding that affects its production. A sample of 400 households was interviewed using structured questionnaire, focus group discussions...
Indigenous rhizobia strains: The silver bullet for enhanced biological nitrogen fixation and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr. ) yield under different soil conditions in South Kivu province, Democratic Republic of Congo
December 2019
Soybean is an important crop in the Democratic Republic of Congo, a country faced with high levels of war induced malnutrition but its productivity is limited by poor soil fertility coupled with low access to nitrogen mineral fertilizers. Commercial rhizobia strains introduced in 2010 failed to adapt and increase soybeans yields at desired level. We studied the performance of six indigenous rhizobia strains in enhancing...
Effects of probiotic-treated rice straw on blood parameters and gut microbes of heifers
December 2019
The study investigated the effects of probiotic treatment on nutrient content of rice straw and its impact on blood parameters and gut microbes of heifers. Eight Holstein crossbred heifers with initial average body weight (BW) of 180.25±21 kg were used in this study. The experimental period lasted for 33 days of feeding, of which 5 days were adjustment period. The treatments included feeding of untreated rice...
Effects of fungicide treatments against Anthracnose in Calabrian (southern Italy) Olive Orchards during 2014-2015
December 2019
In recent years, severe natural olive anthracnose infections have been observed in orchards of Southern and Central Italy, favoured by mild and rainy seasonal trends, making disease control with the sole use of copper fungicides difficult. Besides, European restrictions in the use of copper compounds for eco-toxicological aspects have forced researchers towards the use of available plant protection products. Thus, 2...
Appropriate fertilizer (NPK) rates for cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in the humid forest agro-ecological zone of Cameroon
December 2019
The objective of this study was to test for appropriate quantity of fertilizer (NPK 12-11-18) required to boost the production of cassava (variety TME 419) in the forest zone of Cameroon. The trial was conducted at the experimental farm of the Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD) in Mbalmayo. The experimental design was completely randomized block design in three replicates. The treatments were as...
Evaluation of cocoa mirid (Distantiella theobroma Dist. and Sahlbergella singularis Hagl.) control practices in Côte d’Ivoire
December 2019
Rapid pod damage evaluations were performed in four cocoa producing regions in Côte d’Ivoire to assess the severity and regional variability of the mirid pest problem. We further tested the impact of three insecticide products at two different dosages, applied at two different periods on cocoa pod production and mirid infestation on sixty cocoa farms. It was found that in Côte d’Ivoire, cocoa...
Milk production, marketing practices and qualities along milk supply chains of Haramaya District, Ethiopia
December 2019
A study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the physicochemical properties and microbial qualities of raw cow’s milk along the milk supply chain in Haramaya district. A total of 123 smallholder dairy producers, one dairy cooperative, 3 milk collectors, 6 milk retailers, 8 selling points and 18 consumers were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Sixty raw milk samples were used for...
Molecular characterization of some brinjal genotypes (Solanum melongena L) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
December 2019
To analyze genetic variability of 48 brinjal genotypes by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers, four primers named smSSR01, smSSR03, smSSR11 and smSSR14 were selected for analyze the data. Four primers generated clear bands and a total of 44 alleles were detected among the 48 brinjal genotypes (9.0 to 14.0 alleles per locus with a mean of 11.0 alleles per locus). According to Nei’s (1973), the highest level of...
Gastrointestinal nematodiasis in Ethiopian sheep under community-based breeding program
November 2019
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are amongst the main health and production problems in sheep throughout the world. Faecal egg count (FEC) and FAffa MAlan CHArt (FAMACHA) score can be used as indictors to select genetically resistant animals against the infections. This study was undertaken to (1) determine intensity of and the factors associated with GIN infections in Ethiopian sheep under communal breeding program,...
Impact of DroughtTEGO® hybrid maize variety on agricultural productivity and poverty alleviation in Kenya
November 2019
Impact of DroughtTEGO® maize hybrids on agricultural productivity and poverty reduction among small-scale maize farmers were analyzed using 642 households in Kenya. The Water Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA) project coordinated by the African Agricultural Technology Foundation (AATF) developed the varieties. While on-farm production output and farmers’ testimonies indicate significantly high productivity over...
Effect of pesticides on Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, antibiotic sensitivity and phosphate solubilization by Rhizobial isolates from Sesbania bispinosa in Bangladesh
November 2019
Rhizobium spp. retains a symbiotic relationship with leguminous plants including Sesbania bispinosa by fixing N2 through nodule formation. Several researches suggest that Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are required for nodule formation. Rhizobial growth parameters as well as the EPS production are affected by the presence of pesticides. The present investigation was performed using three different pesticides which were...
Disparities and influential factors to men’s and women’s involvement in freshwater aquaculture in Madagascar
November 2019
This research identifies the factors determining the individual decision to get involved in the aquaculture sector for both men and women through a case study in Madagascar. A rich body of scholarly literature shows that women play an important contribution in the aquaculture sector, particularly in South Asia and Africa. The literature shows that multiple factors, such as lack of access to assets and gender norms,...
Entomocidal activity of some plant extracts against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
November 2019
Entomocidal activity of ethanolic leaf extracts of four plant species namely Euphorbia balsamifera Aiton, Lawsonia inermis L., Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. and Senna obtusifolia L. were evaluated in order to assess their protectant ability to stored sorghum against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. The botanicals were applied to 20 g of sorghum grains at the rate of 25, 50 and 100 mgml-1, while no extracts was added to the...
Influence of mineral nutrition on plant development and chemical composition of volatile oils of Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass subspecies
November 2019
The objective of this study was to find out the influence of soil nutrition on the composition of volatile oils of Porophyllum ruderale subsp. macrocephalum and Porophyllum ruderale subsp. ruderale. The seedlings were transplanted into pots containing sand as substrate. Every seven days, different Hoagland solutions were applied: Complete solution and solution lacking, respectively nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium,...
Transforming smallholder agriculture through cooperatives for improving households’ food security at OR Tambo District Municipality, South Africa
November 2019
Agriculture is a primary source of food, employment and income in rural households. Agricultural cooperatives have been regarded as possible vehicles in achieving these objectives. Small holder farming in the OR Tambo District Municipality has marginally been performed in contributing to households’ food security. Research indicates that there are many factors affecting agricultural cooperative development and...
Dynamics of weed biomass on yield and yield component stability of maize under various weed management strategies
November 2019
Weed is a very significant enemy of crop production. Its density, diversity and the interaction complexes on the yield and yield component of maize cv “Quality protein” were investigated in the present study. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) containing five weed management strategies and a weedy check as treatments in 2015 and 2016. Data were collected on weed density,...
Yield of different varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in different harvest intervals
November 2019
This experiment was installed in the experimental plot of the Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, National University of Asunción Department of Amambay, Paraguay, with the objective of evaluating the yield of four varieties of cassava in three harvest intervals. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four treatments (Seda, Pomberi, Sa’yju and Tacuara) and five repetitions. The spacing was 0.8 x 0.7...
Evaluation of yield and yield components of some groundnut genotypes under rainfed condition in Mali using biplot analysis
November 2019
Sixteen groundnut genotypes were evaluated under three different environmental conditions of Mali during 2015/2016 rainy season. The environments were Tioribougou, Djijan and Samanko affiliated at International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). The experiments were conducted in a 2×8 alpha lattice with three replications. Within the environment, the main effect of a genotype was...
Biochemical characterization of four less exploited edible fruits in Congo-Brazzaville: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, Aframomum alboviolaceum, Saba comorensis and Clitandra cymulosa
November 2019
The aim of this study was to determine the biochemical characteristics (moisture, crude protein, crude lipids, ash, pH, titrable acidity, minerals and free sugars) of four popular edible fruits (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa, Aframomum alboviolaceum, Saba comorensis and Clitandra cymulosa), but less exploited. The pulp and seeds of P. edulis f. flavicarpa and A. alboviolaceum was also investigated in order to identify...
Socioeconomic and ecological consequences of Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) in Boset Woreda, Ethiopia
November 2019
Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.), an invasive alien species, has been spreading at alarming rate in Ethiopia, causing biodiversity degradation, yield losses in field and horticultural crops, health problems to human beings and livestock. A study on the socioeconomic and ecological impacts of P. hysterophorus was conducted in five Kebeles (lowest administrative division) of Boset Woreda (District), Ethiopia....
Genotype-by-environment interaction and stability analysis of soybean genotypes for yield and yield components across two locations in Nigeria
November 2019
A multilocational evaluation of 20 soybean genotypes was conducted in two distinct locations (Nsukka in Derived Savanna agro-ecology and Jalingo in Northern Guinea Savanna) of Nigeria in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The experiments were laid out in an Alpha lattice design and replicated three times in each location. The main objective of the research was to determine the genotype-by-environment interaction (G x E)...
Genotype×environment interaction and stability analysis of soybean genotypes for yield and yield components across two locations in Nigeria
November 2019
A multilocational evaluation of 20 soybean genotypes was conducted in two distinct locations (Nsukka in Derived Savanna agro-ecology and Jalingo in northern Guinea Savanna) of Nigeria in 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons. The main objective of this study was to assess the genotype-by-environment interaction (G x E) for specific traits such as number of pods, pod weight, seed yield and yield stability. The results revealed...
Effects of recommended improved crop technologies and socio-economic factors on coffee profitability among smallholder farmers in Embu County, Kenya
November 2019
This study was carried out to determine the combined effects of recommended production technologies and farmer characteristics on coffee profitability at the farm level in Embu County, Kenya, using the profit function approach. Data were collected using semi structured questionnaires from a sample of 376 farmers who were randomly selected from six cooperative societies, using multistage stratified and probability...
Determinant of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield improvement in the farmers’ cropping systems in Benin
November 2019
Groundnut is an important crop in the farmers’ cropping systems of Benin and one of the selected crops to be promoted by Benin Government. The aim of the present study is to analyze the traditional groundnut cropping systems in Benin. Farmers’ socio-economic characteristics, cropping practices, farmers’ perceptions of climate change manifestations on groundnut were information collected using an open...
Application of magnetically treated water to eggplant seedlings
October 2019
Application of magnetically treated water to seedlings production has shown beneficial results in several crops. The objective of study was to evaluate the effect of magnetically treated water on germination, growth and development of eggplant seedlings. Three experiments were conducted and the water was treated with 1000 G magnetic field during 24 h. In the first experiment, the treatments tested were applications of...
Impact of storage on sugar loss in sorghum stalks
October 2019
Sweet sorghum sugars are feedstock for bio-products. Extending production beyond harvest will maximize profitability, but is limited by loss of fermentable sugars during storage. Cutting stalks into billets increases surface area for processing, but can increase sugar degradation. The effect of storing whole sorghum stalks was investigated. Whole stalks of cultivar M 81-E had the highest losses at 44.2% of fermentable...
Smallholders’ technical efficiency of teff production in Ethiopia
October 2019
The main objective of this study is to examine the level and determinants of technical efficiency of smallholder Teff producers in Ethiopia using Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), with appropriate production function, trans-log by LR test. Secondary data from Ethiopian socio-economic survey were used for the analysis. The result of Maximum likelihood Estimate (MLE) shows that area, fertilizer and fragmentation of land...
Assessment of seed quality parameters in different seed sources of chickpea (Cicer arietinum (L.)
October 2019
In Ethiopia, chickpea is an important grain legume next to faba bean and common bean. Quality seed production and associated technologies could be mentioned among the major challenges that limit chickpea production and productivity in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to assess the quality of seeds at different generation classes as obtained from various sources that would contribute an estimate of more than half the...
The functional characterisation of soybean (Glycine max L.) rhizospheric bacteria indigenous to Ethiopian soils
October 2019
Ethiopia remains a net importer of soybean partly due to low average yields which may be improved by inoculation with rhizobia and/or plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The functional characterisation of 231 rhizobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of soybean grown in 102 soils collected from different pedo-climatic regions of Ethiopia was carried out. Isolates were initially characterised by Gram staining...
Genetic diversity studies for morphological traits of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes in Central Zone of Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia
October 2019
Hot pepper is the dominant vegetable crop grown in different parts of Ethiopia with long history of cultivation and considerable genetic diversity for most important morphological traits. However, shortage of varieties, the prevalence of fungal and bacterial as well as viral diseases, information is lacking on genetic diversity and genetic information to design genetic resource conservation to improve yield and yield...
Effects of dry bioslurry and chemical fertilizers on tomato growth performance, fruit yield and soil properties under irrigated condition in Southern Ethiopian
October 2019
Poor soil fertility and low level of fertilizer application results in low productivity of irrigated tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in Arba Minch Zuria District, Southern Ethiopia. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of integrated application of dry bioslurry and chemical fertilizers on growth performance and fruit yield of tomato, and on soil properties. A factorial combination of...
Inventory on banana (Musa spp.) as trading commodities in Maluku islands, Indonesia
October 2019
This study was conducted with the aim of providing the latest situation on banana genotypic diversity present in the market places, their cultivations, their market chain and trading facilities in Maluku Province, Indonesia. A survey method was used, in which different markets, farmers and government institutions were visited and interviewed. Seventeen genotypes of three different species and different genome and ploidy...
Influence of plant population density on growth and yield of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) at Wondo Genet South Ethiopia
October 2019
A field experiment was conducted at Wondo Genet Agricultural Research Center in the production season of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 with the objective of identifying the best combination of intra and inter-row spacing for optimum plant population density of rosemary. The treatments consisted of five intra-row spacing (50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 cm) and three inter-row spacing (60, 80 and 100 cm) with a total treatment...
Effect of flowering slips on the yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batata (L.) Lam.) tubers
October 2019
Creating a nursery for sweet potato cultivation in tropical and subtropical areas including Okinawa is not necessary because planting is possible throughout the year. In general, sweet potato blooms under natural conditions in tropical and subtropical areas. Sweet potatoes are grown from non-flowering slips, which farmers generally select from a field of a previous cropping. Although the selection and collection of...
Labour cost implication of malaria and perception of cocoa farmers on its preventive measures in Ondo State, Nigeria
October 2019
The study was executed to examine the cost implication of labour used by cocoa farmers during periods of incapacitation caused by malaria and to determine the perception of the farmers on malaria preventive methods. Descriptive statistics were used to classify farmers by days of incapacitation and the cost of labour for cocoa plantation management when farmers were absent from the cocoa plantation because of malaria. A...
Effect of level and time of nitrogen fertilizer application on growth, yield and yield components of maize (Zea mays L.) at Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia
October 2019
Maize is most important cereal crop used for human diet, livestock fed, and for many industrial applications in many parts of the world. However, the national average productivity is quite below the world average which might be attributed to nutrient deficiency among many problems. A field experiment was conducted during 2016/2017 croppping season to determine the effect of level and time of nitrogen fertilizer...
Influence of Nitrogen and Phosphorus fertilizer Rates on Seed Yield, Yield Components and Quality of Onion (Allium cepa L.) at Kulumsa in Arsi Zone, South East Ethiopia
October 2019
Onion is an important vegetable crop commercially grown both by large and small scale farmers in Ethiopia. Its production is highly dependent on availability of high and good quality seed, which is constrained by a number of problems including declining soil fertility and inappropriate fertilizer application. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizer rates on onion...
Effects of blended fertilizer types and rates on fruit yield and nutrient use efficiencies of hot pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at Asossa, Western Ethiopia
October 2019
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different blended fertilizer types (NPSB and NPSBZn) and their rates on fruit yield, nutrient concentration, nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency of hot pepper at Assosa, Western Ethiopia. The experiment was set with eight treatments (recommended NP, three different blended rates for each NPSB and NPSBZn and unfertilized plot) laid out in randomized...
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