Evaluation of ethanolic extract of Portulaca tuberosa Roxb leaves for antipyretic activity
April 2015
Portulaca tuberosa (P. tuberosa) Roxb belonging to the family Portulacaceae, is traditionally used internally in dysuria as well as applied externally to erysipelas by the natives. The aerial parts of the plant contain diterpenoids, pilosanone A and pilosanone B. Previous studies showed that P. tuberosa has good diuretic and analgesic effects when used by the people traditionally, however, in vivo antipyretic activity...
Evaluation of metronidazole suspensions
March 2015
Most of the formulations of metronidazole suspensions available in circulation tend to have the problem of caking or claying probably due to the flocculation behavior of the dispersed phase. The present study attempts to achieve a desirable flocculation pattern by the use of a polysaccharide, Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) mucilage alone and then in combination with a monovalent electrolyte and sodium sesquicarbonate...
Effect of piperine on pentylenetetrazole induced seizures, cognition and oxidative stress in mice
March 2015
Cognitive impairment in epileptics may be a consequence of the epileptogenic process as well as antiepileptic medication. Thus, there is need for drugs, which can suppress epileptogenesis as well as prevent cognitive impairment. In the present study, the effect of piperine was evaluated on the course of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizures, learning deficit and oxidative stress `markers in mice. Male albino mice...
Antitoxic effect of baicalin and glycyrrhetic acid on PC12 cells induced by Aconitum brachypodum Diel
March 2015
The roots of Aconitum brachypodum Diel are used clinically in traditional medicine of China. However, it is also found very toxic and to date, few detoxication strategies are available to completely eliminate its toxicity. The present study was conducted to observe the cellular neurotoxicity of A. brachypodum Diels and discuss the detoxication effect of baicalin and glycyrrhetic acid, two compounds from Chinese herbal...
Synthesis and antifungal activities of some benzimidazolyl-chalcones, analogues of chlormidazole
March 2015
We report here the synthesis of new benzimidazolyl-chalcones analogues of chlormidazole in order to contribute to the development of new antifungal drugs. Benzimidazolyl-chalcones were obtained by reaction of various aromatic aldehydes (7) with N-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2-acetylbenzimidazole (5) and its precursor 2-acetylbenzimidazole (4). After confirming their structure using spectroscopic methods (1H and 13C NMR, MS in EI...
Gastroretentive drug delivery systems: A review
March 2015
Oral administration has only limited use for important drugs from various pharmacological categories, that have poor oral bio-availability due to incomplete absorption and/or degradation in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Drugs that are easily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and have a short half-life are eliminated quickly from the blood circulation, so they require frequent dosing. To avoid this...
In vivo cytotoxic effects of methanol extract of Convolvulus arvensis on 7-12-dimethyl benz(a)antheracene (DMBA) induced skin carcinogenesis
March 2015
A current study was conducted to evaluate the possible cytotoxic effect of Asian herb Convolvulus arvensis (methanolic extract), followed by 2 stage skin carcinogenesis protocol by tumor initiator, 7-12-dimethyl benz(a)antheracene (DMBA) and tumor promoter, Croton oil in Swiss albino mice. They induced 100% skin ulceration in carcinogen control and cumulative number of papilloma (CP), tumor yield (TY) and tumor burden...
Study on drug utilization pattern of antihypertensive medications on out-patients and inpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital: A cross sectional Study
March 2015
This study aimed to evaluate drug utilization of anti-hypertensive medications in a tertiary care teaching hospital. In this study, a cross sectional study was conducted in hypertensive who visited General Medicine department in a tertiary care teaching hospital, during the period of August, 2013 to August, 2014. 1407 new prescriptions were analyzed according IP/OP numbers of rational drug utilization by using WHO Core...
Effects of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. on the blood pressure and vascular reactivity of rats
March 2015
This work investigated the effects of the ethanolic extract (EEJg) of aerial parts of Jatropha gossypiifolia L. and its aqueous (AFJg) and chloroformic (CFJg) fractions on the blood pressure and vascular reactivity (VR) in normotensive Wistar rats (NWR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In anaesthetized NWR, the EEJg and its fractions reduced mean blood pressure (MAP). The oral administration of EEJg (100...
Evaluation of neuro-pharmacological activities in six homeopathic drugs
March 2015
The effects of extracts of Digitalis purpurea L., Sambucus nigra L., Thuja occidentalis L., Urtica urens L., Arctostaphylos uva-ursi L. and Apis mellifica L. were analyzed in vivo in mice. The analysis of neuro-pharmacologiacl activity was recorded at different doses such as 100, 300 and 500 mg/kg and compared with control and standard drug, Diazepam. The tested extracts exhibited significant neuro-pharmacological...
In vivo hypoglycemic and alloxan induced antidiabetic activity of Xeromphis uliginosa Retz
March 2015
Xeromphis uliginosa Retz. is an indigenous plant of Bangladesh. Traditionally this plant is used to treat many diseases. In order to explore the medicinal quality of this plant systematically, the crude methanol extract of roots was screened for antidiabetic activity in rats model. The antidiabetic action was determined by using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and alloxan induced antidiabetic test. In OGTT, both...
Evaluation of the antioxidant activity, antimicrobial effect and acute toxicity from leaves of Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., A. Juss. Cambess &.) Hieron. ex Niederl
March 2015
Allophylus edulis is a Brazilian plant commonly used in the mid-west region of Brazil for treatment of disorders related to oxidative stress such as diabetes, inflammation, hypertension and digestive diseases. The aims of the present study were to quantify flavonoids and phenolic compounds, evaluate the antioxidant activity, antimicrobial effect and acute toxicity of leaves of A. edulis. Ethanolic (EEAE) and...
Possible cardio-protective effect of ginger and lipoic acid on normal senile female rats
March 2015
Cardiovascular disease and oxidative stress are involved in aging. Aging causes many alterations in myochardial functions and metabolism. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aging on heart functions, total antioxidant capacity and membrane lipid composition and the effects of oral administration of ginger and lipoic acid for 30 days. The levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase and heart...
Teaching in pharmaceutical care: A systematic reviewTeaching in pharmaceutical care: A systematic review
March 2015
The aim of the work was to systematically review published studies about teaching methods in pharmaceutical care. Literature databases searched included LILACS, PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and ERIC. Studies published until January 2015 were searched for using the search terms “pharmaceutical services”, “pharmaceutical care”, “medication therapy management”, “learning”,...
Potential antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity of the crude extract of the endophytic fungus Rhizoctonia sp. from Annona crassiflora
March 2015
One hundred and twelve (112) endophytic fungi was isolated from leaf fragments of Annona crassiflora. Extracts were prepared by fermentation in Czapek broth. The extract of endophytic fungus Rhizoctonia sp. was selected as the most promising from an antimicrobial screening and its ability to produce metabolites with antimicrobial and antiproliferative activity was evaluated. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated through...
Suspending properties of natural gums extracted from Abelmuscus esculentus pod and Chrysophyllum albidium fruit
March 2015
The aim of this study was to extend the application of gum extracted from Abelmuscus esculentus pods (AEG), ripped Chrysophyllum albidium fruit (RCAG) and unripped C. albidium fruit (UCAG) to pharmaceutical suspensions. The extracted gums, gelatin and compound tragacanth were used to formulate Paracetamol suspension in concentrations of 0.5 to 4.0% w/v. The sedimentation rates, sedimentation volume, ease of...
An analysis of the quality of studies that evaluate potentially inappropriate drug therapy
March 2015
In the elderly population, increased predisposition to chronic diseases and consequent use of various medications increases the chances of using a potentially inappropriate drug therapy. The purpose of this review was to analyze research that uses tools to study potentially inappropriate drug therapy through the strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) initiative. A systematic review...
The role of nitric oxide in alendronate-mediated acceleration of gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in rats
March 2015
The effect of the alendronate (ALD; 30 mg/kg, pH 7.0, p.o.) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 10 mg/kg, p.o.; a nitric oxide (NO) donor) on gastric dye retention (GDR) and proximal, medial and distal small intestine dye retentions (IDR) was investigated in rats. The drugs were administered once daily for 4 days. On the last day of treatment, 4 h after ALD administration, GDR and IDR were measured. ALD treatment decreased...
In vitro evaluation of the antifungal activity of extracts of Baillonella toxisperma (Pierre), a Sapotaceae, on the growth of some human pathogenic yeasts
March 2015
An ethnopharmacological survey concerning medicinal properties of Baillonella toxisperma (Pierre) was carried out by interview with the indigenous population of Dimako village situated in the East region of Cameroon. The result showed that the plant is implicated in the treatment of many infections among which is fungal infections. To confirm the antifungal property of B. toxisperma (Pierre), the barks and leaves of the...
Effects of the bluish liquid (hemolymph) from the African giant snail (Achatina marginata) on the blood coagulation time and erythropoietic volume
March 2015
The bluish liquid (hemolymph) from the African giant snail designated snail bluish liquid (SBL) was investigated for its coagulatory potency in vitro using human blood from different patients and in vivo using the Wistar albino rat. Its effect on the erythrocyte volume (PCV) during the period of administration in the rat was also studied. Coagulatory potency was studied in terms of the prothrombin time (PT) by comparing...
Pharmaceutical care in Brazilian community pharmacies: Knowledge and practice
March 2015
This study aimed to assess the pharmacist’s knowledge of the concept of pharmaceutical care and verify their practice in relation to this service. It involved a cross-sectional study carried out on community pharmacies in four Brazilian cities and involved pharmacists who work in community pharmacies. The pharmacists' knowledge of the concept of pharmaceutical care and their practice in respect of the service...
Assessment of the oxidative state, related parameters and quality of muscle tissue in Nile tilapia with the application of homeopathic product Homeopatila 100® in high-density cages
March 2015
The impact using Homeopatila 100® on cultured Nile tilapia in high-density cages (1240 individuals) was assessed by measuring the oxidative state and related parameters as well as the quality of muscle tissue. Males with sexual inversion from a homogenous tilapia population were randomly distributed in 10 cages with storage volume of units of 1.2 m-3 for a period of 91 days. Two diets were assessed: 1 (control) to...
A review on Helicobacter pylori infection and treatment
March 2015
Helicobacter pylori is a microorganism which has been the reason of various diseases, including gastritis, peptic, duodenal ulcer and cancer of the stomach. Urea breathe test (till 6 years), stool antigen test and serology testing are used for diagnosis. Triple, quadruple, sequential, salvage and levofloxacin, omeprazole, nitazoxanide, and doxycycline (LOAD) therapies are used for treatment of all H. pylori infections....
Effect of grapefruit juice and sibutramine on body weight loss in obese rats
February 2015
Grapefruit (Citrus Paradise, family Rutaceae) is a citrus fruit that is low in calories and rich in dietary fibers. Sibutramine (Sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate) is an anti-obesity drug that enhances satiety. The effect of grapefruit juice and sibutramine on body weight and neurotransmitters controlling appetite was investigated in obese rats. Rats were assigned to two dietary groups for 3 weeks; control...
Clinical duration of rocuronium becomes shorter at night: A chronopharmacological study
February 2015
The effects of circadian rhythms on the duration of neuromuscular blocking agents are under-investigated. Therefore, the aim of this prospective, observational study was to investigate whether the dosing-time of rocuronium would cause significant differences in the neuromuscular block duration during the four different period of a day in a diurnal based study design. Forty patients were allocated into one of the...
Review: The potential of chalcones as a source of drugs
February 2015
Chalcone and dihydrochalcones are intermediates in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and isoflavonoids in plants. These compounds are widely investigated for their anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antifilarial, larvicidal, anticonvulsant, anti-rheumatoid and antioxidant activities and their use as food additives. Chalcones are considered to be an active ingredient in a large number of medicinal...
Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya in experimental animal models
February 2015
The bark of Eysenhardtia polystachya, has been used in Mexican folk medicine for treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity, on various animal models using carrageenan-induced oedema, cotton pellets-induced granuloma, induction of acute inflammation by histamine, croton oil induced ear oedema, activity of myeloperoxidase, adjuvant-induced arthritis,...
Subchronic toxicity evaluation of the hydroethanolic extract from Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec in Wistar rats
February 2015
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. (Humiriaceae) is a species from Brazilian Amazon rainforest, popularly used against menstrual disorders and uterine inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the subchronic toxicity of hydroethanolic extract from E. uchi (EHEEu) in Wistar rats based on biochemical and hematological parameters. Rats were treated with daily doses of EHEEu (500 mg/kg - gavage), and then hematological and...
Synthesis, in-vitro, in-vivo evaluation and molecular docking of 2-(3-(2-(1, 3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) acetamido)-4-oxo-2-substituted thiazolidin-5-yl) acetic acid derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents
February 2015
A series of novel 2-(3-(2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) acetamido)-4-oxo-2-phenylthiazolidin-5-yl) acetic acid (5a-l) have been synthesized by cyclocondensation of N-substituted benzylidene/methylene-2-(1,3-dioxo isoindolin-2-yl) acetohydrazide (4a-l) with mercapto succinic acid in dimethylformamide (DMF) as solvent and using anhydrous zinc chloride as a catalyst in microsynth microwave reactor. The synthesized compounds...
Phytochemical screening and analgesic properties of ethanol extract of the leaves of Hugonia mystax L.
February 2015
Hugonia mystax (H. mystax) has been used in the siddha and ayurvedha for various ailments. In this study ethanolic crude extract (EEHM) of the leaves were studied for various analgesic methods. The ethanolic extract of H. mystax was spiked into the male swiss albino mice (weighing 20 to 25 g) and male wister rats weighing (150 to 200 g) and analyzed the analgesic activity by hot plate and acetic acid induced method. The...
Reversal of phenytoin induced hepatotoxicity by alpha lipoic acid in rats
February 2015
The present research task is aimed at evaluating the influence of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) against phenytoin induced hepatotoxicity. The rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 received 0.2% carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC, p.o), group 2 received 20 mg/kg phenytoin (p.o), groups 3, 4 and 5 received 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg (p.o) of ALA in 0.2% CMC, respectively 1 h prior to phenytoin for 45 days. On...
Reinforcement of antibiotic activity by nanoencapsulation of ampicillin against β-lactamase producing and non-producing strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
February 2015
Ampicillin (ABPC) was encapsulated within n-butylcyanoacrylate by using dextran 70K, glucose, or the both mixtures as polymerization stabilizer, and many ABPC-nanocapsules with the various physicochemical properties were probed with the antibacterial activity against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), β-lactamase producing MRSA (blaZ gene) and...
Mechanically separated fillet and meat nuggets of Nile tilapia treated with homeopathic product
February 2015
The homeopathic product Homeopatila 100® in the diet of Nile tilapia reduces stress during production and improves the well-being of fish. The objective of this study was to develop nuggets of tilapia fed with Homeopatila 100® and to assess their quality. Physical, chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses were performed on three formulations with 25, 50 and 75% mechanically separated meat (MSM) for each of...
Stability and disinfecting proprieties of the toothbrush rinse of the essential oil of Protium heptaphyllum
February 2015
Protium heptaphyllum (PH) is rich in essential oil, has anti-inflammatory properties and has no toxic potential. However, data is unavailable about its antiseptic effect against bacteria that cause caries. This study aimed to evaluate the antiseptic effect of the toothbrush rinse of essential oil of PH as well as its chemical stability. The toothbrush rinse was prepared with 1% essential oil of PH. The minimum...
Simple potentiometry and phenolphthalein-based titrimetric methods of analysis for Lisinopril tablets
February 2015
A colour indicator-based assay was developed and validated for the quantitative analysis of Lisinopril in tablet in aqueous medium. The proposed procedure involved a reaction between the acidic functional group (COOH) of Lisinopril drug and standardised aqueous sodium hydroxide. The method involved dissolution of powdered Lisinopril tablet in water followed by filtering; the obtained filtrate was titrated with aqueous...
Evaluation of the cicatrizant activity of a semisolid pharmaceutical formulation obtained from Platonia insignis Mart.
February 2015
The use of natural products for skin treatments has been increased. Mainly, those of topical action incorporated to pharmaceutical forms, since they allow the restoring of skin integrity after possible attacks. In this context, the plant Platonia insignis Mart has been widely used for the treatment of various skin diseases and as wound healing medicine in folk medicine. The aim of this study is to evaluate the wound...
In vitro antioxidant action of the crude ethanolic extract from the leaves of Ocotea pulchella (Nees & Mart.) and their fractions
February 2015
The antioxidant potential of the crude ethanolic (CCE), hexane (HF), chloroform (CLF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and remaining extracts (RF), from the leaves of Ocotea pulchella, was verified using seven antioxidant assays: DPPH (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl), phosphomolybdenum complex, reducing power (prussian blue), lipid peroxidation (TBARs- thiobarbituric acid reactive substances), deoxyribose oxidation and H2O2...
Ethnobotanical survey of anticancer plants in Askira/Uba local government area of Borno State, Nigeria
February 2015
Ethnobotanical survey was conducted on anticancer plants in Askira/Uba local government area of Borno State, Nigeria. Administration of questionnaires and oral interviews to 20 traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) and field trip were carried out in the study area. A total of 65 different plants belonging to 41 families were identified during the survey. Six plants belong to the Caesalpinioideae, 5 from Fabaceae, 4...
Formulation, optimization and characterization of candesartan cilexetil nanosuspension for in vitro dissolution enhancement
February 2015
According to Biopharmaceutical classification system (BSC), candesartan cilexetil (CC) is a class-II drug which has limited bioavailability mainly due to its low solubility. In order to enhance its solubility, a universal approach of making nanosuspension is been used in the present investigation. High pressure homogenization, controlled precipitation, media milling and high speed homogenization are the various...
Muscarinic activity of aqueous leaves extract of Excoecaria grahamii Stapf 1913 on rabbit blood pressure and toad isolated perfused heart
February 2015
Excoecaria grahamii, African shrub, is used in many West African countries traditional medicine against different diseases as powerful purgative and biopesticide. There is little work about pharmacological effects of this plant because of its high toxicity. The effects of the aqueous extract of the plant was investigated on rabbit blood pressure and toad isolated and perfused heart activity. E. grahamii extracts (EGE)...
Physicochemical characterization of lapachol
February 2015
The aim of this study was to characterize three batches of lapachol (LAP), in order to establish specifications for the development of pharmaceutical forms. Physical methods including nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), determination of the melting range and drug assay were performed. All...
Methanolic extracts from roots and cell suspension cultures of Waltheria americana Linn induce GABA release in cerebral slices of mouse brain
February 2015
This study evaluates and compares the release of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) induced by methanolic extracts obtained from roots of wild plants and from cell suspension cultures of W. americana Linn. The release of this neurotransmitter was evoked by crude and fractioned extracts derived from both roots of wild plant and cell suspension cultures, tested at three concentrations: 10, 50 and 100...
Performance, parasitic infections, hematology and hepatic histology of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) fed on homeopathic product
January 2015
Homeopathic products may act in an organism by stimulating the immune system, allowing the restoration of balance and encouraging organic response under stress. This study investigated the performance, blood, morphological and parasitological parameters in Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) fed diets containing different concentrations of Homeopatila 100®. Juvenile tambaqui underwent four treatments with three...
Exploration of the neurotoxicity of ciprofloxcin or gatifloxacin single dose in rat cortex and hippocampus
January 2015
The study aimed to evaluate the neurotoxicity of ciprofloxacin (Cip) or gatifloxacin (Gati) single oral dose in male albino rats weighing (100 ± 20 g) grouped as control-administered water, ciprofloxacin (80 mg/kg) and gatifloxacin (32 mg/kg) each of 12 rats. The frontal cortex of both groups revealed decrease in glutamate, GABA, taurine, histidine and serotonin levels and elevation of aspartate, glycin and...
Drug use pattern in out-patient children: A comparison between primary and secondary health care facilities in Northern Nigeria
January 2015
Children are more vulnerable to adverse events related to use of drugs. It is therefore important to study drug use in children in order to optimize pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare drug utilization in paediatric outpatient departments of primary and secondary health care facilities. The patient and drug information of 600 patients was analyzed for World Health Organization (WHO) recommended...
In vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activities of the methanol, aqueous and n-hexane extracts of Ocimum lamiifolium from Ethiopia
January 2015
Ocimum lamiifolium (local name Dama Kesse, Amharic) is a medicinal plant in Ethiopia. Its leaves are squeezed and sniffed to treat coughs and colds. They are also used to treat eye infections and to stop nose bleedings. In the present study, leaves of O. lamiifolium were collected from their growing habitats. Dried leaf powders were extracted using methanol, distilled water and n-hexane. 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml...
Chemical composition of essential oils from the stem barks of Croton conduplicatus (Euphorbiaceae) native to the Caatinga biome
January 2015
Croton conduplicatus is a species popularly known in the Brazilian Caatinga (semi-arid vegetation) as “quebra faca”. Essential oils from the stem barks of C. conduplicatus were obtained by hydrodistillation after 2, 3 and 4 h of extraction with a very high percentage (95.93, 96.69 and 98.45%, respectively) of identified total components present in crude essential oils. Analyses were made by gas...
A review on novel therapies to combat hepatitis C
January 2015
The major cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, liver carcinoma and liver failure is Hepatitis C virus (HCV). NS3 is one of the attractive targets for therapy development for HCV as the N-terminal domain of the NS3 protein is a serine protein. NS3 protease acts by interfering with cellular mechanisms which are involved in the host immune response to an HCV infection and the inhibition of the protease is...
Determination of the abortifacient activity of the aqueous extract of Phytolacca dodecandra (L’Her) leaf in Wistar rats
January 2015
Throughout history women have tried to control their fertility using herbal remedies; traditionally Phytolacca dodecandra leaves have been used as an abortifacient. The objective of this study was to determine the abortifacient activity of the aqueous extract of P. dodecandra leaf in Wistar rats. Hundred grams of shaded dried powdered leaves were soaked in 0.5 L of cold water, and using cold maceration, an aqueous...
Analysis of rational use of drugs as of facility indicators and patient care indicators practices at four selected hospitals of West Ethiopia: Policy implication
January 2015
The international network for rational use of drugs comprises a set of indicators called "drug use indicators" that can be used to assess rational drug use by the patient, health professionals and drug use managements at facility level. These indicators comprise of: Prescribing indicators, patient care indicators and facility indicators. A cross-sectional descriptive study has been conducted to collect the...
Page 11 of 46, showing 50 records out of 2285 total, starting on record 501, ending on 550
Advertisement
Advertisement
