Vital role of herbal medicines in women’s health: A perspective review
August 2015
This is a perspective review of medicinal plants useful traditionally for women's healthcare in countries like India. Medicinal plants have a significant role in women's healthcare in many rural areas. Plants with therapeutic efficacious observations have historically been used as a starting point in the development of new drugs, and modern pharmaceuticals have been derived from them. A review about the...
Assessment of chemical compositions of three antimalarial plants from Akure, Southwestern Nigeria: A preliminary study
August 2015
Malaria has been a menace to the health conditions of both rural and urban populations in Nigeria. Ethnobotanical survey revealed the use of Anthocleista djalonensis A. Chev, Lophira alata Banks ex C.F. Gaertn. and Olax subscorpioidea Oliv. in the treatment of malaria in Akure, Southwestern Nigeria. The powdered plant samples were screened for phytochemical constituents, proximate composition and mineral elements...
Effects of different hormones on organogenesis in vitro of some varieties of cassava (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ) grown in Senegal
August 2015
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a perennial euphorbiaceous shrub grown mainly for its starchy tubers and its leaves rich in protein. The most known method of propagation of this crop is the classical cuttings’ planting. However, in vitro propagation appears most useful and permits to obtain high quantity of healthy vegetable material in a short period. In this work, it was to study the impact of different hormones...
Phytochemical evaluation of various parts of Dracaena arborea Link. and Dracaena mannii Bak.
July 2015
Phytochemical evaluation of leaves, stems and roots of Dracaena arborea (Link) and Dracaena mannii (Bak) present in southeastern Nigeria was carried out, to determine their taxonomical data with regards to their phytochemicals contents (flavonoid, saponin, tannin, cyanide, lectin, phytate and calcium oxalate) using standard methods. The results show varying quantities of the phytochemicals in the leaves, stems and roots...
Adverse impact of Banana Xanthomonas Wilt on farmers’ livelihoods in Eastern and Central Africa
July 2015
Banana is a key crop in the livelihoods of many people in the Great Lakes region of East and Central Africa. For more than a decade now, the crop has been threatened by Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW) which has spread throughout the region but at different rates. The disease attacks all banana cultivars and can cause up to 100% yield losses at farm level if effective control measures are not put in place. However, limited...
Assessing the genetic diversity of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] accessions from Sudan using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers
July 2015
Genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships among 252 cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp) accessions collected throughout the six geographical regions of Sudan were evaluated using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers. Eighteen (18) published primer pairs were selected based on their informativeness, out of which 16 primer pairs gave reproducible results among all of the cowpea accessions tested. A total...
Filing considerably breaks seed dormancy of Berchemia discolour Hemsley
June 2015
In this study, the effectiveness of different pre-treatment methods for the breakings of seed dormancy in Berchemia discolour Hemsley seeds was assessed. Viable seeds were randomly sampled and subjected to different pre-treatment methods which include filing, soaking in 98% concentrated sulphuric acid, pre-chilling and boiling. For each treatment, ten seeds were used and three replications were done for each treatment....
Effect of sunflower stover and nutrients management on soil biological properties and available nitrogen and phosphorus at different stage of pigeonpea growth under pigeonpea-sunflower cropping system
June 2015
A fixed plot field experiment was carried out during 2008-09 and 2009-10 at New Delhi, India to study the “effects of sunflower stover, nitrogen and phosphorus management on soil health under pigeonpea-sunflower cropping system’’. Kharif season experiment in the first year was laid out in split-plot design, assigning sunflower stover incorporation (8 t/ha) and no stover incorporation (control) to main...
Differential response of early and intermediate flowering strawberry cultivars to nursery late-season nitrogen applications and digging date
June 2015
The response of ‘Ventana’, an early flowering cultivar, and ‘Camarosa’, an intermediate flowering cultivar, to nursery late-season nitrogen (N) applications and digging date were studied in strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch). Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment, runner plants dug on September 20 and October 11 from a high-latitude nursery in California, were established in...
Functional analysis of the UDP glucose: Flavonoid-3-Oglucosyltransferase (UFGT) promoter from litchi (Litchi chinesis Sonn.) and transient expression in onions (Allium cepa Linn.)
June 2015
The expression of the UDP glucose: flavonoid-3-Oglucosyltransferase (UFGT), which encoded the last enzyme of the anthocyanin pathway, was under developmental control as well as affected by external stimuli such as ABA. Three fragments of the 1.38 kb upstream region of the UFGT gene from Litchi (Litchi chinesis Sonn.) were fused to the GUS-coding region, and the expression of these constructs was analyzed in onions. To...
Pollen morphology of six species of subfamily Stachyoideae (Lamiaceae) in Saudi Arabia
May 2015
The pollen morphological characters of 6 species belonging to 4 genera of the subfamily Stachyoideae (Lamiaceae) growing naturally in Saudi Arabia were investigated with the aid of light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), to find new features that might increase knowledge of pollen morphology of the species, and also to help the taxonomic characterization of the Stachyoideae genera. The...
Diversity status of the family, Euphorbiaceae in about 30 km radius of Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project area, Southern India
May 2015
A detailed Euphorbiaceae flora study was carried out from 30 km radius of Kudankulam Nuclear Power Project area. The survey was conducted from September 2012 to August 2013. A total of 32 species under 12 genera belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae were collected and identified. For each species, botanical name, local name, life-form, habitat and flowering season were mentioned. A statistical summary is presented at...
Potential to increase cassava yields through cattle manure and fertilizer application: Results from Bunda College, Central Malawi
May 2015
In Malawi, increasing human population and low productivity of cassava (Manihot esculenta [Crantz]), the second most important food crop after maize, necessitate the intensification of agronomic options for cassava production. A study was therefore conducted in 2012-2013 season on a chromic Luvisol at Bunda College (14° 35 S’; 33° 50 E’), Central Malawi, to evaluate the effects of inorganic...
Participatory varietal selection of maize (Zea Mays L.) in Pawe and Guangua districts, North Western Ethiopia
April 2015
Maize (Zea mays L.) plays a critical role in smallholder farmers for food security in Ethiopia. So far, maize variety selection was done without much consideration of farmers' interest. However, farmers have indigenous knowledge to select best performing varieties which suit their environments. This study was aimed to identify more number of preferred maize varieties by farmers in a shorter time (than the...
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Lepidium sativum population collected from Ethiopia
April 2015
Lepidium sativum L. (family Brassicaceae), is underutilized medicinal plant with worldwide distribution. In Ethiopia, L. sativum occurs in all regions and agro-ecologies at different altitudinal ranges. The study was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of L. sativum populations from Ethiopia using molecular marker and agronomic traits. Molecular data generated from inter simple sequence repeat bands recorded...
Yield parameter response of maize (Oba Super 2) to earthworm cast and anthill soil under greenhouse condition
April 2015
The study of earthworm cast and anthill as plant-soil systems and the surrounding soil is helpful in the appraisal of soil and crop productivity. Therefore, this study was carried out in a tropical and subtropical area to determine the effect of plant-soil systems and the surrounding soil on the yield parameters (plant height, leave surface and dry matter weight) of maize (Oba Super 2) under greenhouse condition....
Spatiotemporal variations of Tricolia affinis (C.B. Adams, 1850) associated with the macroalgal community on reef stretches at Piedade beach, southern coast of Pernambuco State, Brazil
March 2015
The aim of the present study was to assess the correlation between the spatiotemporal variation of the gastropod Tricolia affinis and the macroalgal community on the sandstone reef at Piedade beach on the southern coast of Pernambuco State (PE) during the rainy and dry seasons in 2009 and 2010. Five square plots were randomly sampled on each date on the reef flat and pool to sample the gastropod population and measure...
The effective method of potato cultivation
March 2015
Potatoes occupy a considerable place in food ration of Uzbekistan’s population. That is why over the past few years, there are various researches on traditional ways of increasing the amount of potatoes produced as well as the generally accepted methods of their cultivation. One of such methods is generative propagation of potatoes. Key words: True potato seed, greenhouse, seedlings, minitubers,...
Survey of ethno-veterinary medicinal plants at selected Horro Gudurru Districts, Western Ethiopia
March 2015
Plant remedies are still the most important in therapeutics of treat livestock diseases, though large knowledge of ethno medicinal plants is declining to deterioration due to the oral passage of herbal heritage verbally. The objective of the study was to identify and document ethno-veterinary medicinal plants. The study was carried out from January to July 2014 at selected Horro Gudurru districts of western Ethiopia....
Assessment of nodulation of Mucuna pruriens by promiscuous native rhizobia population, Southeast Nigeria
March 2015
The potency and competitive ability of indigenous rhizobia population in soil to nodulate a non-native legume host has been contentious especially in tropical Africa. This study examined the symbiotic compatibility between the indigenous rhizobia population and a non-native legume species. Soil samples were randomly collected with soil auger at 0 - 30 cm depth from agricultural fields southeast, Nigeria. The control...
Maize: Panacea for hunger in Nigeria
March 2015
Maize (Zea mays) is always preferred to other crops, and it is fast becoming an industrial crop in Sub-Saharan African countries. Nigeria has been divided into low, medium, medium to high and high maize production potential groups. Traditionally, maize was mostly grown in forest ecology in Nigeria but large scale production has moved to the savanna zone, especially the Northern Guinea savanna, where yield potential is...
NaCl tolerance studies at seedling stage among different genotypes of Helianthus annus L.
March 2015
A greenhouse research was conducted at the research area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad to evaluate 20 accessions for the identification of salt tolerant genotypes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) as well as their characteristics. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design with three repeats. Salinity was developed with NaCl to achieve the final...
Floristic diversity under anthropogenic activities in the protected forests of Duekoué and Scio in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire
March 2015
This study analyses the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on trees and shrubs floristic α-diversity in two protected rain forests in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire. These forests have been under timber harvesting since their protection in 1929. The forestry service had developed plantations of indigenous timber species and teak since 1996 to increase their productivities for timbers. Additionally, they...
Acclimatization results of micro-propagated plantlets
March 2015
This work is an analysis of the structured-functional particularities of regeneration of introduced varieties of Vaccinium corymbosum L. and Vaccinium vitis-idaea L. under in vitro and ex vitro conditions. The anatomical structures of the leaves of V. corymbosum and V. vitis-idaea cultivated under aseptical culture, greenhouse and open ground were studied. It is shown that conditioned cultivation superimposes the...
Genetic analysis of groundnut rosette virus disease in groundnut (Archis hypogaea L.)
March 2015
Groundnut chlorotic rosette disease (GCRD) transmitted by the aphid, Aphis craccivora, is an important virus disease of groundnut in Africa. Breeding for host resistance remains the best strategy to minimize losses due to this disease. Nine cultivated groundnut genotypes with differential reaction to GCRD were crossed in an incomplete diallel mating design to determine the combining ability of GCRD resistance. The...
Complete inhibition of mycelial growth of fungal pathogens of maize by botanicals
March 2015
Rice husk extract (RHE), bamboo extract (BE) and wood extract (WE) at different concentration levels (0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%) were evaluated (in completely randomized design) in vitro as an antagonist to mycelial growth of selected fungal pathogens of maize. Botanical preparations were utilized singly (rice husk, bamboo and wood extracts) and in combinations (RHE x BE, RHE x WE, BE x WE and RHE x BE x WE). RHE at...
Coffee leaf damaging insects’ occurrence in the forest coffee ecosystem of southwestern Ethiopia
February 2015
Insects are diverse and abundant in forest ecosystems, but poorly documented in afromontane rainforests in Southwestern Ethiopia where Coffea arabica L. originated and is distributed worldwide. Therefore, the present study was initiated to study the occurrence of coffee leaf damaging insect pests in the afromontane rainforest of southwestern Ethiopia. Accordingly, surveys on insect pest of coffee were conducted to...
Ethnobotanical study of indigenous knowledge of plant-material culture in Masha and Yeki Districts, Southwest Ethiopia
February 2015
Plants have been used throughout human history as a source of food, medicine and material culture. Several studies on plant material culture from Ethiopia, were limited to a certain geographical areas and ethnic groups. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate the plants and associated indigenous knowledge of three ethnic groups (Shekacho, Sheko and Mejengir), residing in the Masha and Yeki Districts of...
Hairy roots production in Phyllanthus odontadenius Müll. Arg. by seedlings transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4RS/pHKN29
February 2015
Phyllanthus odontadenius Müll. Arg is one of the most important medicinal plants in the genus Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae). It is used in different regions in the world for the treatment of various diseases for example malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum causing millions deaths in tropical and subtropical regions. In this work, we experimented P. odontadenius seeds germination and seedlings infected by...
Morphometric study of accessions of Sesamum indicum L. collected from Nigeria
February 2015
Sesamum (Sesamum indicum L.), is a very beneficial plant with manifold implementation in human life hence the identification of different species on the basis of morphological basis is indeed a need especially in less developed parts of the world. Morphometric studies of 12 accessions were carried out in order to find out characters which may be used for the delimitation of the accessions. Both quantitative and...
In-situ morphological characterization of coconut in the Coastal Lowlands of Kenya
February 2015
Characterization of in situ coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) genotypes using morphological descriptors is of primary importance for genetic resources. Variations in five traits were recorded on 48 selected coconut palms located at 0 to 177 m above sea level in the Coastal Lowlands of Kenya. The objective of our study was to characterize coconut palms in the coastal Kenya using morphological markers. Data was recorded on...
Integrated management of Cercospora leaf spots of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) through host resistance and fungicides in Eastern Ethiopia
February 2015
Cercospora leaf spots caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Cercosporidium personatum are the most widespread diseases of groundnut that result in severe yield losses in Ethiopia. Field trials were conducted at Babile and Dire Dawa to evaluate the effect of integrated use of host resistance and fungicides on the temporal epidemics of leaf spots and yield of groundnut. The experiments were conducted during the 2010 main...
Efficacy of selected plant extracts against Tribolium castaneum Herbst in stored groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
February 2015
The efficacy of powders of plant parts from Azadirachta indica, Lawsonia inermis, Annona senegalensis and Hyptis suaveolens at 10, 15 and 20 g/250 g seeds was tested using Complete Randomized Design (CRD) against the storage pest Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) in groundnut in the laboratory. At 28 days after application, mean number of seeds damaged was 0.33±0.33 for A. indica and 2.33±0.33 for L. inermis at...
Physiological nutrient use efficiency of banana hybrids across agro ecological regions in Uganda
February 2015
Banana is an important source of food and income for millions of people in sub-Saharan Africa and Uganda in particular. This makes it one of the most important food crops in the country. However, production is limited by both biotic and abiotic constraints. Among the biotic constraints, is the decline in soil fertility. In addressing some of these biotic and abiotic constraints, banana breeding programmes are developing...
Composition and taxonomic similarity of the periphytic algal community in different natural substrates in a neotropical floodplain, Brazil
January 2015
The present study investigated the species composition and taxonomic similarity of periphytic algae on three species of macrophytes (Eichhornia azurea Kunth, Nymphaea amazonum Martius & Zuccarini and Oxycaryum cubense (Poeppig & Kunth) Lye) and also some limnological variables in a lake permanently connected to the Paraná River at the Upper Paraná River floodplain, Brazil, from June 2008 to March...
Distribution of kolanut weevil (Balanogastris kolae (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) in Cola nitida stored in baskets
January 2015
The kolanut weevil, Balanogastris kolae is usually referred to as a field-to-store pest as their infestation starts in the field and continues in storage. The distribution preferences of the weevil were investigated with a view of determining their vertical and horizontal distribution in storage baskets. The kola pods used for this experiment were obtained from kola groves at the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria...
Effect of weed control methods on weed density and maize (Zea mays L.) yield in west Shewa Orimia, Ethiopia
January 2015
Field experiments were conducted during 2013-2014 crop seasons at Ambo and Guder to study the effect of weed control methods on weed dynamics in maize (Zea mays L.) variety BH-660 in randomized complete block design with three replications. Five treatments, including Nicosulfuron (Arrow 75 WDG) at 0.09 kg ha-1 + silwet gold (adjuvant) at 0.10%, s-metolachlor 290 + Atrazine (Primagram) at 3.00 kg ha-1, s-metolachlor...
Development of elite medium staple cotton (G. Hirsutum) genotypes for production in middleveld upland ecologies
January 2015
Ten (10) medium staple cotton genotypes comprising of five commercial varieties and five experimental lines were evaluated for field performance, genetic and environmental variability. The trials were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance was done for total seed cotton yield, lint yield, boll weight, earliness and gin out turn (GOT %) using Genstat 14th...
Potential pollinators of Tamarindus indica L. (Caesalpinioideae) in Sudanian region of Burkina Faso
December 2014
Tamarindus indica (Tamarind) is a socio-economically important tree species in the Sudanian and Sahelian zone of Africa. Few studies have shown that the species is pollinated by bees. In this article, first we studied the impact of the wind pollination. Secondly, we determined the visitors insect of the flowers of tamarind, studied the production of nectar and pollen. Thirdly, we established relation between nectar...
Distribution, chemical composition and medicinal importance of saffron (Crocus sativus L.)
December 2014
Crocus sativus L. is native to Iran and Greece, and is now cultivated largely in Southern Europe, Tibet and other countries. In India, it is mainly cultivated in Kashmir. C. sativus is an important medicinal plant with aphrodisiac, antispasmodic, expectorant, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-depressant, anticancer and anti-tumor activities. Phytochemical investigations of the species have revealed the...
Efficacy of Moringa oleifera as a phytoextraction plant in the remediation of heavy metals polluted soil
December 2014
The efficacy of Moringa Oleifera, for the phytoextraction of heavy metals (Zn, Fe and Pb) in tropical soil was investigated. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisting of 3 blocks was used. Each block (A, B and C) was polluted with 100 mg Zn, Pb and Fe, respectively. Each block was subdivided into treatment and control of 5 replicates each. Two seedlings of M. Oleifera were planted in each treatment plot...
Conservation of tree genetic resources of North-Eastern Lagos Nigeria
December 2014
This study investigates the rate of concurrent depletion on the remnant flora growing in the North-eastern part of Lagos, which lies in the South-western part of Nigeria. Tree species growing in this area are not spared from advancing civilization, which has resulted in inevitable loss of genetic resources. Hence, molecular technique is adopted in an effort to conserve the genetic resources of the tree species. Samples...
Yield and water use efficiency (WUE) responses of forage sorghum ratoon crop under varying salinity and irrigation frequency
December 2014
Water stress is associated with low availability of water or with osmotic effects arising from salinity. Besides affecting crop yields, salinity may also influence biochemical composition and nutrient concentration of forage crops. To determine the effect of salinity on biochemical composition and nutrient concentration of forage sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], two varieties of sorghum, Speedfeed and KFS4 were...
Composition of the essential oils of three Cyperus species from Congo
November 2014
Essential oils from underground parts of Cyperus articulatus (L.), Cyperus sp. and Kyllinga brevifolia (S.) were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thirty four (34) components were identified in the oil of C. articulatus. The main components were α-cadinol (12.07%), trans-pinocarveol (9.86%), cyperenone (7.28%), cyperene (6.29%), myrtenol (5.50%), myrtenal (4.90%) and cis-carveol (4.42%)....
Genetic variability and divergence of seed traits and seed germination of five provenances of Faidherbia albida (Delile) A. Chev
November 2014
Establishment of Faidherbia albida trees on farm is often difficult despite the plant survival adaptive mechanisms such as drought and disease resistance. Adoption of the tree to agroforestry systems is also limited due to lack of knowledge on genetic variation of its provenances. Morphological charac-terization of F. albida provenances is therefore necessary to screen for natural genetic variation in seeds traits for...
Advance research on Striga control: A review
November 2014
The parasitic weed–(Striga spp.), is a major biotic constraint and a serious threat to subsistence cereal crop (sorghum, maize, pearl millet, finger millet and upland rice) production in sub-Saharan Africa. Severity of the parasitic weed in this area is aggravated by the inherent low soil fertility, recurrent drought and overall natural resource degradation. Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. and S. asiatica (L.)...
Observations on anatomical aspects of the fruit, leaf and stem tissues of four Citrullus spp.
November 2014
Morphological characteristics of the fruit, stem and leaf tissues of four species of Citrullus (L.) Schrad. were examined using standard histological methods. Plant materials included the cultivated watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai) and three of its related species (Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad., Citrullus ecirrhosus Cogn. and Citrullus rehmii de Winter). Variation among the species was...
Correlation and path coefficient analysis of seed yield and yield components in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotype in Ethiopia
November 2014
Knowledge of correlation among different traits and further partitioning of the correlation coefficients into direct and indirect effects on yield is one of the approaches to understand the nature and extent of the relationship among characters. The objective of this study was to determine the degree of associations between seed yield and yield components of lentil. In this study, 228 genotypes from diversified origin...
Taxonomic significance of foliar epidermal characters in the Caesalpinoideae
October 2014
A detailed morphological study of the leaf epidermis of some species in the genera Bauhinia Linn., Caesalpinia Linn. Daniellia Hutch. & Dalz. and Senna Linn in Nigeria was undertaken in search of useful and stable taxonomic characters. The study reveals several interesting epidermal features some of which are novel in the genera. Leaf epidermal characters such as epidermal cell types, stomata...
Comparison of qualitative and quantitative traits of some Advanced breeding lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.)
October 2014
Field trials and laboratory experiments were conducted on six advanced breeding lines of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) between 2004 and 2006 to genetically assess the organoleptic properties of the tomato lines, determine the relationships among tomato traits using correlation analysis and to estimate the fruit yield potential of the tomato lines. The trial was laid out in randomized complete block design with...
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