African Journal of
Biotechnology

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Biotechnol.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1684-5315
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJB
  • Start Year: 2002
  • Published Articles: 12487

Full Length Research Paper

Callus induction in three mosaic disease resistant cassava cultivars in Benin and genetic stability of the induced calli using simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers

Amitchihoué Franck Sessou
  • Amitchihoué Franck Sessou
  • Institute of Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Jane W. Kahia
  • Jane W. Kahia
  • Coffee Research Institute, P. O. Box 4, Ruiru, Kenya.
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Elijah Ateka
  • Elijah Ateka
  • Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Jerome Anani Houngue
  • Jerome Anani Houngue
  • Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FAST), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), P.O. Box 526 Cotonou, Benin.
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Colombe Dadjo
  • Colombe Dadjo
  • Institute of Basic Sciences, Technology and Innovation, Pan African University, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Peter Njenga
  • Peter Njenga
  • Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
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Corneille Ahanhanzo
  • Corneille Ahanhanzo
  • Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology (FAST), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), P.O. Box 526 Cotonou, Benin.
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  •  Received: 10 September 2019
  •  Accepted: 31 October 2019
  •  Published: 30 November 2019

Abstract

The effect of different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ), benzyl amino purine (BAP), kinetin and 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4-D) on callus induction in three elite cassava cultivars (agric-rouge, atinwewe and agblehoundo) was evaluated. Leaf explants harvested from greenhouse-grown cassava were sterilised using different concentrations of commercial bleach commonly called Jik (3.85% NaOCl) at different time intervals. The highest number (94%) of clean explants was obtained when 2% (v/v) Jik was used for 15 min. The explants were cultured in half MS media supplemented with different growth regulators TDZ, BAP, kinetin 2, 4-D, 100 mg/l myo inositol, 2% sucrose and gelled with 0.3% phytagel. Callus formation was observed from the cut edges of the leaves in all cultivars after 10 days in medium supplemented with TDZ, 12 days in BAP medium, and 15 days in kinetin medium. There were significant (p < 0.05) differences in callus formation among all cytokinins types and concentrations. However, there were no significant differences in callus formation in different 2,4-D concentrations. All 2,4-D concentrations produced 100% callus in all the cultivars. However, 2,4-D at 2 µM significantly produced the highest (2.48±0.30) callus weight in cultivar atinwewe. Furthermore, simple sequence repeats (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region of the induced calli on TDZ and 2,4-D media indicated the loss of CMD2 gene among induced calli compared to the mother plants.

 

Key words: Cassava, simple sequence repeats (SSR) and sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR), genetic stability, callus, cytokinins, auxins.

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This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0

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