June 2013
Microbial degradation of synthetic textile dyes: A cost effective and eco-friendly approach
Synthetic dyes extensively used in different industries are maximally toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic in nature. Being recalcitrant, if not treated, they will remain in nature for extended period of time. Wide range of known methods for dye removal is categorized viz. Physical, chemical, biological and electrochemical. Advantage of biological, chemical and electrochemical method over physical involves the complete...
June 2013
Antibiotics usage in food-producing animals in South Africa and impact on human: Antibiotic resistance
The widespread and intensive use of antibiotic agents in modern food production systems is believed to be contributing significantly to antibiotic resistance among bacteria. Antibiotic usage in food-producing animals tend to be increasing and data show that even those that have been banned in other countries such as growth promoters are still being used in South Africa. Moreover, very few relatively recent surveys and...
June 2013
Microbial levels on the food preparation areas of a typical district hospital in South Africa
The role of hospital surfaces (including surfaces in food preparation areas) in the transmission of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) has been long recognized; however,evidence regarding this critical information is not well documented. This study was conducted at a typical district hospital in the Free State Province of South Africa. Using swabs, surface samples were collected from nine kitchen areas, quantified and...
June 2013
Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene reveals high species diversity of Halorubrum in China
Haloarchaea such as Halorubrum are excellent models for field and laboratory study. Almost half of the new species of Halorubrum were identified from the samples collected from China. The aim of this study is to determine whether some species reported elsewhere are distributed in China. Hypersaline environments-a special niche, are distributed all over the world. The...
June 2013
Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene reveals high species diversity of Halorubrum in China
Haloarchaea such as Halorubrum are excellent models for field and laboratory study. Almost half of the new species of Halorubrum were identified from the samples collected from China. The aim of this study is to determine whether some species reported elsewhere are distributed in China. Hypersaline environments-a special niche, are distributed all over the world. The...
June 2013
Screening, expression and characterization of scarabcidal crystal protein from a strain (MHB11.3) of Bacillus thuringiensis serovar galleriae in Vietnam
Bacillus thuringiensis strains were isolated from sugarcane farming soil in three provinces of northern Vietnam. Of these, 24 strains were identified as serotype H5a, 5b, B. thuringiensis serovar galleriae. A strain, namely MHB11.3 (deposited in GenBank: FN796428) belonging to the serovar galleriae, was highly toxic to larvae of the scarab beetles, Anomala...
June 2013
Schizosaccharomyces selective differential media
This study discusses the optimisation of a selective and differential medium which would facilitate the isolation of Schizosaccharomyces (a genus with a low incidence compared to other microorganisms) to select individuals from this genus for industrial purposes, especially in light of the recent approval of the use of yeasts from this genus in the wine industry by the International Organisation of Vine and...
June 2013
Compliance of patients in medical treatment of pediatric population who has group a beta hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis in a rural area of Turkey
Tonsillopharyngitis is a common infectious disease in the pediatric age group. Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus (GAS) is a main infectious agent of pharyngitis. Optimal therapeutic approach in these patients has been a matter of debate to avoid the complications of infection. The aim of this study was to compare the compliance of patients who are 5-15 years old of age groups with tonsillopharyngitis to...
June 2013
Serological detection of bovine leukemia virus in slaughterhouse workers from San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, México
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that primarily infects older dairy cattle, but many studies have shown that the BLV host range is broader than previously reported.Monitoring risk groups, such as slaughterhouse workers, is important to determine if BLVcan infect humans and cause disease.The aim of this study was to determine...
June 2013
Effects of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 on diosgenin accumulation in Dioscorea zingiberensis cell and seedling cultures
The effects of three polysaccharides; exopolysaccharide, water-extracted mycelial polysacharide, and sodium hydroxide-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (EPS, WPS and SPS) and their corresponding oligosaccharides; oligosaccharide obtained by hydrolysis of EPS, oligosaccharide obtained by hydrolysis of WPS and oligosaccharide obtained by hydrolysis of SPS (EOS, WOS and SOS) as the elicitors prepared from endophytic...
June 2013
Bio removal of malachite green by mangrove-derived Aplanochytrium sp., KGA2512
Effect of mangrove-derived Aplanochytrium sp., was studied for the removal of malachite green in 5rtfaqueous solution under controlled experimental conditions. The dye removal was measured at regular interval by measuring its color intensity. This was confirmed further by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FT-IR) and also to find out the change in the chemical groups. To enhance the dye removal,...
June 2013
Comparison of susceptibility patterns of Escherichia coli isolated from urinary tract infections in two health institutions in South-South Nigeria to commonly used antimicrobials
Urinary tract infection is one of the most common bacterial infections with increasing resistance to antibiotics. Escherichia coli (E. coli) have been identified as the most common pathogen of urinary tract infections. Studies on prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates from urinary tract infections in Nigeria are few. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and...
June 2013
Chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oil of Citrus limetta var. Mitha (sweet lime) peel in Pakistan
The essential peel oil of Citrus limetta var. Mitha (Sweet lime) extracted by hydro-distillation was assessed for chemical constituents, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. Gas chromatographic analysis identified 17 constituents among which limonene (95.98 %) was found as major component followed by camphene (1.79 %), while the remaining terpenes were less than 1%. The results of antimicrobial activity of...
June 2013
Antimicrobial effects of essential oil from Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. needles in the bioflims
This study was designed to explore the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oil derived from Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc. needles obtained throughout the steam distillation. The antimicrobial effectiveness was estimated by the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) determinations on 8 species of bacteria and fungi, as...
June 2013
Novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction and an oligonucleotide array for specific detection of the dominant foodborne bacterial pathogens in chicken meat
Oligonucleotide array hybridisation and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) can be used to screen and detect multiple foodborne pathogens. In our study, m-PCR and oligonucleotide array assays for the specific detection of the dominant foodborne bacterial pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella spp., andShigella spp., in chicken meat were developed. The...
June 2013
Comparison of clinical methods for the phenotypic detection of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Disc diffusion methods with BrillianceTM MRSA agar
This study was based on the comparison of revised guidelines of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI), British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) and BrillianceTM MRSA agar (Oxoid) for the phenotypic identification of methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A total of 133 clinical isolates of S. aureus were tested using new CLSI, BSAC guidelines and...
June 2013
In Vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Mucuna pruriens leaf and callus extracts
The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Mucuna pruriens (Velvet beans) callus culture with different hormonal combination in culture medium and leaf extracts was investigated for the maintenance of antimicrobial activity in in vitro level. The antibacterial activity was determined by the agar-well diffusion method against four different plants pathogenic bacterial...
June 2013
Trend of Candida infection and antifungal resistance in a tertiary care hospital of north east India
The present study was based on the epidemiological picture of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida encountered in different systemic and mucosal infections including HIV/AIDS in North East India. The introduction of chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents as well as appearance of HIV infection and several other factors like diabetes, old age, etc., has led to emergence of several opportunistic...
June 2013
Expression, purification and characterization of a quinoprotein L-sorbose dehydrogenase from Ketogulonicigenium vulgare Y25
It is well known that Ketogulonicigenium vulgare Y25 could effectively oxidize L-sorbose to 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2KGA), an industrial precursor of vitamin C. There in, L-sorbose dehydrogenase is one of the key enzymes responsible for the production of 2KGA. From this organism, the coding region of sdh gene was cloned into pET22b plasmid and its transcription product was overexpressed. This...
June 2013
Accelerated solvent extraction of metabolites from marine fungi
The accelerated solvent extraction method was used to extract metabolites from marine fungi and the process parameters were optimized. The influences of the times of extraction, temperature, pressure and extraction time duration on the extraction yield were discussed using single-factor experiment. The optimum process parameters were then obtained using orthogonal experiment. The optimal conditions for accelerated...
June 2013
Rapid low-cost identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using p-nitro-benzoic acid (PNB) as inhibitor and the resazurin microplate assay (REMA): A preliminary study
A rapid test for the differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) was developed using p-nitro-benzoic acid (PNB) as inhibitor and the resazurin microplate assay (REMA) for detection of growth. One hundred and fifty-one M. tuberculosis strains and 36 NTM were evaluated. Using a cut-off of 250 µg/ml of PNB, all M. tuberculosis strains...
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