January 2013
Hydrolytic enzymes produced by Pleurotus species
Pleurotus species are considered white-rot fungi for their ability to degrade lignocellulosic residues due to their enzymatic complex. The most studied enzymes in these fungi are lignin-degrading, such as laccases, Mn-peroxidases and veratryl alcohol oxidases; however, these fungi also have the ability to degrade cellulose, hemicellulose and other carbohydrates present...
January 2013
Production, purification and characterisation of a β-mannanase by Aspergillus niger through solid state fermentation (SSF) of Gmelina arborea shavings
Mannanase production by a wild-type Aspergillus niger, isolated from spontaneously-degrading wood from South Western Nigeria was monitored at three day intervals for a period of 15 days in media containing pretreated wood shavings of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Gmelina arborea and Terminalia superba as carbon sources. Highest mannanase activity of 25.938 U/g of dry wood shavings was obtained on the...
January 2013
Function of enzyme lactate dehydrogenase in relation with lipid and glucose in biotic and abiotic stresses in the seedlings of Vigna radiata
Soil contamination by heavy metals has caught our consideration to assess and determine the cumulative effect of isolated bacterial strain of Pseudomonas stutzeri with copper (Cu) as a bioactive element in seed germination of four days old Vigna radiata. Effects of varying concentrations of essential trace metal on the germination of seeds (bioassay) were also taken into consideration. An important...
January 2013
Isolation, classification, phylogenetic analysis and scanning electron microscopy of halophilic, halotolerant and alkaliphilic actinomycetes isolated from hypersaline soil
Actinomycetes were isolated by plating of serially diluted samples onto humic acid-vitamin agar prepared with or without NaCl and characterized by physiological and phylogenetical studies. A total of 16 strains were isolated from hypersaline soil in Mongolia. All strains showed alkaliphilic characteristics and were able to abundantly grow in media with pH 9.0. Six strains were halotolerant actinomycetes (0 to 12.0%...
January 2013
Frequency of antibiotic resistant Salmonella, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus aureus in meat in Saudi Arabia
This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance inSalmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus in meat in Saudi Arabia. Samples of domestic and imported meat (beef, camel, lamb) and poultry were purchased from local retail outlets in Riyadh area. There was some contamination from each of the bacteria in all types of...
January 2013
Isolation and characterization of Streptococcus agalactiae from Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus in China
Streptococcosis became an increasingly significant health problem in intensive aquaculture in China. In 2009, eight Gram-positive, chain-forming coccus strains were isolated from the outbreak epidemical diseased tilapias from Hainan Province, China. Characteristics based on morphological, physiological and biochemical tests show that the eight strains were suggested to Streptococcus agalactiae. Furthermore,...
January 2013
The molecular characterization of Mycoplasma agalactiae isolates from Iranian goats when compared with other Iranian isolates and vaccinal strains
Mycoplasma agalactiae is the etiological agent of contagious agalactia, which is the first isolated mycoplasma from sheep and goats. The bacteria have been detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in Iranian goats, but there has been no investigation of the molecular characterization of contagious agalactia agents in goats in Iran. Several studies have also characterized M....
January 2013
Microbial biodegradation of butachlor pollution (obsolete pesticide Machete 60% EC)
Accumulation of obsolete pesticides in the environment is a global problem. The scale of the problem in different countries varies depending on economic situation and social awareness. Only limited data are available on the microbial biodegradation of butachlor. Biodegradation of butachlor by different microorganisms was investigated. Six bacterial strains were isolated from an agricultural soil and found to be actively...
January 2013
Optimization of nutritional and physiological conditions for toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus
The objective of the present work was to evaluate the capacity of two isolates ofAspergillus flavus from sugar cane (SC), SC-3 and SC-5 to produce aflatoxin under different culture conditions. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) production was determined in four different media and culture conditions (temperature and pH) were varied to achieve maximal toxin production. AFB1 was extracted directly from the...
January 2013
Biogenic amine producing bacteria associated with three different commercially fermented beverages in Botswana
The microbial quality and predominant bacterial groups of three fermented beverages was investigated. The bacteria associated with sorghum beer, sour milk (madila/amasi) and sour maize beverage (mageu/mahewu) were determined using standard microbiological techniques. The predominant microorganisms were screened for the production of four biogenic amines using decarboxylase broth. Sorghum beer had the highest bacterial...
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