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Bovine trypanosomosis is a huge economical concern that has greatly compromising the agricultural sector in Ethiopia.. A cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2021 in Humbo district of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia aimed to determine the overall and species based prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis. Blood sample were taken from 200 randomly selected local Zebu cattle and examination was made with...
ffects of piroxicam on ketamine anaesthesia in West African dwarf goats (capra hircus).
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Ketamine produces an agitated state of anaesthesia when given alone, thus a pre-anaesthetic medication is very vital for smooth anaesthesia with ketamine. Piroxicam has been recorded to produce sedation. Thus piroxicam co-administered with ketamine was aimed to nullify the cataleptic effect of ketamine. Thirty West African Dwarf goats, grouped into five groups of six animals each, were used for the experiment. Group I was...
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Gastrointestinal obstruction in rabbits is common due to the peculiarities of their gastrointestinal tract and usually has an acute progression before the rabbit succumbs or recovers. Due to the acute nature of gGastrointestinal obstruction in rabbits, early detection is important. Contrast rRadiography and uUltrasonography are two non-invasive imaging procedures that can be used to detect underlying disease conditions and...
Contrast Radiographic Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract of African Tree Pangolin
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Pangolins are scaly ant-eating placental mammals threatened with extinction due to over-exploitation and poaching. Aggressive protection by conservationists is moderately successful due to scanty information regarding their physiology. Contrast radiography, a diagnostic technique for investigating gastrointestinal diseases may assist conservation efforts to improve survival of these animals. Eight rescued pangolins of...
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A cross-sectional study was undertaken from March to August, 2021 to determine the prevalence and distribution of Cysticercus bovis in cattle slaughtered at Hawassa Municipal abattoir, Sidama, Ethiopia. During the active abattoir survey, both ante-mortem and postmortem inspection procedures were carried out. In postmortem inspection, carcass and different organs of slaughtered cattle were routinely inspected for cyst...
Major intestinal protozoan parasites of dairy farms in Bishoftu town, Oromia, Ethiopia
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A study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of major intestinal protozoan parasites of dairy cattle in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia. A total of 334 fecal samples were collected from private dairy farms, Ethiopia meat and dairy industry development institution (EMDIDI) farm, Ethiopian institute of agricultural research farm (EIAR), Bishoftu and from Addis Ababa University (AAU) business enterprise farm. The samples were...
Article in Press
A study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of major intestinal protozoan parasites of dairy cattle in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia. A total of 334 fecal samples were collected from private dairy farms, Ethiopia meat and dairy industry development institution (EMDIDI) farm, Ethiopian institute of agricultural research farm (EIAR), Bishoftu and from Addis Ababa University (AAU) business enterprise farm. The samples were...
Article in Press
Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is one of the most economically important diseases of cattle population worldwide and caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). A cross-sectional study was conducted from October, 2019 to April, 2020 to investigate the sero-prevalence and associated risk factors for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) infection in and around Asella town, Ethiopia. Semi structured questionnaire survey was...
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West African Dwarf (WAD) goats are important source of animal protein, ubiquitous in rural Nigerian households and undergo necessary surgical procedures. Induction of general anaesthesia in goats is associated with resultant severe systemic side effects due to position-induced stress. This study investigated cardiopulmonary and stress responses of WAD goats to three sedatives in different body positioning. Six adult WAD...
Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Outbreak in North Part of Oman in August 2019 -A Case Series Study.
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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral zoonotic tick-borne disease with a high fatality rate reported in many countries. The first patient of CCHF in Oman was detected in 1995. Between 17th and 23th August 2019 (EidAdha festival) Directorate of Disease Surveillance and Control received reports of 4 patients of CCHF from different areas in North Oman Region. To identify CCHF patients, identify the source for each...
Bovine hydatidosis in slaughtered cattle in bishoftu municipal abattoir, centeral Ethiopia
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A cross-sectional study was carried at the Bishoftu municipal abattoir from November 2015 to March 2016, to estimate the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis and determine its related risk factors. A total of 420 bovine were selected randomly, and routine meat examination revealed that 161 of them had single or multiple hydatid cysts in the organs. 38.3% (95% CI=33.66 – 43.17) prevalence of hydatidosis. A statistical analysis...
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Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) is a highly contagious, acute viral disease of cloven hoofed animals, and economically important disease affecting the livestock sector in most developed and developing countries. It infects a wide host range of domestic and wild animals and is easily transmitted by aerosols, direct and indirect contact, as well as by ingestion. The disease is caused by the genus Aphthovirus of the family...
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A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2019 to March 2020 to detect the major causes of carcass condemnation and to estimate the attributed financial loss in chickens slaughtered at a private poultry slaughterhouse in Bishoftu, Ethiopia. The study involves a postmortem (PM) inspection of 400 randomly selected chickens. From a total of 400 chickens subjected to PM examination, 77 (19.25%) of them had...
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Between October 2018 and May 2019, a cross-sectional study was undertaken at an intensively managed dairy farm in Hossana town and Alage technical and vocational education and training college to evaluate the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (BTB) using a comparative interadermal tuberculin test (CIDT) survey. In total, 384 cattle were studied, with an individual animal bovine tuberculosis prevalence of 25.78%. The...
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A pilot herd-health programme for improved health and productivity of peri-urban dairy herds in Kampala, Uganda was evaluated. A total of 15 herds were enrolled on the program following informed owner consent. Fortnightly, each herd was visited for a general herd evaluation with data captured using standard evaluation form. Following each visit and for every farm, a herd health report was produced with specific...
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Testicular ultrasound analysis is a non-invasive diagnostic method and an important step in andrological examination, which enables the early assessment of fertility disorders. Given the importance that asinines have for low-income families, and the need for experiments to establish these patterns of andrological evaluation for donkeys, this study aims to quantitatively determine the testicular echogenicity without a...
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Preliminary steps of the pProgressive cControl pPathway for foot-and-mouth disease (PCP-FMD), underscores information on risk areas and risk factors for FMD circulation, as essential in development and implementation of appropriate control and elimination strategies. Isingiro district in Uganda, suffers annual FMD outbreaks despite controls implemented by the Government. Using participatory epidemiology (PE) approaches, we...
Morphological and molecular diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in chickens
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Confirmatory diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis is paramount to ensure proper treatment and effective management of the disease in food and companion animals. Suspected invasive aspergilllosis in chickens was encountered at post-mortem. Morphological and molecular methods were employed to identify Aspergillus from samples collected from dead chickens at post-mortem. Morphologically, two species of Aspergillus were...
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In order to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated to paratuberculosis in ovine livestock production units in Guanajuato, Mexico; a cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out for one year long. Serum samples(n = 1387) were analyzed with an agar gel immunodiffusion test. Bacteriological culture and IS900 nested PCR were done from the fecal samples (n=640). For epidemiological data, two...
Effect of silybon 140® on pentobarbitoneanaesthesia in dogs exposed to acetaminophen
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Onset and duration of anaesthesia as well as the changes in vital parameters associated with pentobarbitone-induced anaesthesia in normal dogs administered acetaminophen with and without Silybon 140® were studied. The rectal temperature, heart rates and respiratory rates of dogs before anaesthesia were higher than those after pentobarbitone (35 mg/kg) treatment alone or its combination with acetaminophen or acetaminophen...
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Hip dysplasia in cats appears to have a similar prevalence as that seen in dogs especially with large breeds of cats like the Maine coon. However, cats do not commonly show signs of lameness like dogs do. This study was to determine the prevalence of hip dysplasia in domestic shorthair breed of cats in three municipal districts in Accra, Ghana. Twenty (12 males and 8 females) adult (2.3 ± 0.8 years) shorthair breed of...
In-vitro efficacy of solanum incanum on rhipicephalus appendiculatus
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Herbal remedies have a long history of use for tick control. Solanum incanum ripe fruits are locally used to manage ticks. In this study, the effect of S. incanum fruit extracts on egg hatchability, inhibition of oviposition and larval mortality of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus ticks was investigated. The reproductive efficiency of eggs laid by the ticks was determined. The highest number of eggs laid was recorded in the...
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Analytical study by cross-sectional was perfomed between November 2015 - April 2016 at Hawa Galan woreda, KelemWollega Zone, Oromia Region, of the country, to know the prevalence of cattle trypanosomosis and to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis. A haemoparasitological examination of buffy coat method was implemented to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis. A Study population...
Prevalence and identification of major ixodid ticks of cattle in guder town, West Shewa, Ethiopia
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A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2018 to June 2018 to determine the prevalence of tick and the associated risk factors and identify major tick genera infesting cattle in Guder town of the West Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. Total 164 cattle under extensive management system purposely from Guder town were selected by systematic random sampling technique and then examined for tick infestation....
Article in Press
Small ruminants farming is a traditional activity mostly practiced by local populations in developing countries since several centuries. But nowadays, due to many biotic and climatic factors, small ruminants farming face various problems which damage smallholders’ income especially those related to gastrointestinal parasites in tropical areas. In opposite to the chemical drugs frequently used in controlling it, medicinal...
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In Nigeria, dairy industry holds monumental prospects in the management of protein deficiencies among the timid Nigerian populace. Emergence of metabolic products of some important fungi, Aflatoxins B1 and M1 (AFB1 and AFM1), may hamper such potentials and poses public health threat to the consumers of dairy products. Hence, the need to undertake a study with the view of evaluating AFB1 and AFM1 levels in dairy cattle...
Article in Press
Ticks are significant and harmful blood sucking external parasites of livestock that are distributed throughout the world. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2017 to March, 2018 at Sebeta- Hawas District, Oromia Regional state, Ethiopia to estimate the current prevalence and to determine hard tick species. A total of 384 cross (n=192) and local (n=192) breeds of cattle were selected using stratified...
Study a knowledge and ethnoveterinary use of medicinal plant in Dirre Incinni Ethiopia
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In developing counties where costs of veterinary drugs are hard to cover in many livestock health problems; using traditional medicine are first option in such cases. For instance in Ethiopia over 95% of the traditional medicine preparations are of plant origin. To identify plants and their medicinal values in study area Cross sectional study was performed from November 2018 to April 2019 in Dire Incinni district west...
Review on antquorum sensing: a novel target for ant- virulence therapies
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The dicovery of antibiotics has played a fundamental role in the history of medicine. By the starter of antibiotics into clinical repetition, infectious diseases that were once deadly have become curable and billions of lives have been protected by taking many harmfull bacterial infections under control. Conversely, with the beginning and spread of multi antibiotic-resistant bacteria, it is getting progressively more...
Prevalence and factors associated with brucellosis in livestock in Baringo County, Kenya
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Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease occurring worldwide. In animals, it causes reproductive failures such as abortions, stillbirths or birth of unthrifty neonates, orchitis, seminal vesiculitis, testicular abscesses and epididymitis in males, as well as localised chronic conditions such as hygroma and arthritis. Humans are infected by exposure to infected animals or animal products. Brucellosis in humans causes...
Bacteriology and cytology of the non-gravid one-humped camel genitalia
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This study evaluated the cytology and prevalence of bacteria in the genital tract of non-pregnant dromedary camels at the Kano main abattoir through a cross-sectional design with convenience sampling. Results revealed that Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were isolated with E. coli and S. aureus being the most prevalent. These...
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Here reported, is a case of umbilical abscess which later resulted in umbilical hernia in a 3-month-old Duroc and Landrace cross weaner female Piglet at a private piggery at Agber village, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. A little swelling was noticed at 4 weeks of age and was observed to be increasing in size with time. The swelling which was soft, warm and painful, was thought to be umbilical hernia initially, but hernia...
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Borana zone is an important cradle of animal domestication and the habitat of many indigenous livestock species. Dromedary camel is among species of animals that was domesticated by Borana pastoralists as adaptive strategy to climate changes and frequent drought. The present study was to identify camel health problems and its impact on camel production in and the surrounding Gomole districts in Borana zone, Southern...
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Hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease that occurs throughout the world and causes considerable economic losses and public health problems in many countries. A cross sectional study was carried out among cattle and sheep from October 2017 to April 2018 at Harar municipal abattoir with the aim to determine prevalence of hydatidosis, consider fertility and viability of the recovered cysts and compare liver and lung involvement...
Article in Press
Cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Arba Minch Zuria and Demba Gofa districts of Gamo and Gofa Zone of the Southern nation nationalities and people’s regional state with the objectives of assessing knowledge of hygienic practice of milk and cheese handlers in both study area. For this a total of 102 woman farmers who are involved in milking, collecting and retailing of milk were included in the study....
Lameness and welfare problems in donkey in Shashemene and NegelleArsi district, Ethiopia
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A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to April 2018 at NegeleArsi and Shashemene district to estimate the prevalence of lameness and welfare problem in 301 donkeys in the two districts. Well-structured and pre tested, interviewer based questionnaire was used in addition to other data collection formats. The overall prevalence of lameness in donkeys working in the two districts was found to be 14.14%. The...
Article in Press
Cross sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of honeybee disease (Nosema and Amoeba) and pest small hive beetle in and around Bonga district in S.N.N.P.R. from December to March 2018/2019. Successful beekeeping requires regular and on time monitoring of any factors that endangers honeybee life and threaten their products. Apart from identifying the occurrences and distributions of endangering factors,...
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An outbreak of anthrax occurred in captive African lions (Panthera leo) on a wildlife sanctuary after they were fed beef from a carcass condemned at slaughter. Out of 9 lions at the Sanctuary, six (66.7%) developed illness typical of Bacillus. anthracis infection 48 hours post-consumption. The infection was confirmed by identification of the bacillus on methylene polychrome blue stained thin blood smears (MacFadyean...
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Coccidiosis is the most common and an economically important apicomplexans protozoan disease that leads to significant morbidity and mortality in animals worldwide. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to March 2018 with the aim of determining the prevalence and associated risk factors of Eimeria infection in calves aged less than one year in urban and peri urban areas of Gondar town of Amhara region,...
Article in Press
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 with the objectives to investigate the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of pigs and associated risk factors in a total of 384 pigs from privately owned intensive farm in kolfe keraniyo subcity, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was used for selecting the sample unit and chi-square test was used to determine the...
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A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bovine mastitis, associated potential risk factors and major etiological agents of clinical and sub clinical mastitis under different management condition of pastoral, agro-pastoral, ranch and farm by using California mastitis test and bacteriology. A total of 384 lactating Boran cows in Did-tuyura ranch, Yabello Pastoral and dryland agriculture research...
Article in Press
BTB is a chronic infectious disease of animals characterized by the formation of specific granulomatous lesions or tubercles in tissues and organs. It is caused predominantly by Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) by slowly growing non photochromogenic bacilli members of the M.tuberculosis complex. Comparative tuberculin test positive dairy cattle were subjected to postmortem examination to characterize the severity of...
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes of cattle in selected areas of Hawassa, Ethiopia.
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Gastrointestinal nematode are among the major health problem which resulted in the reduction of production and productivity of cattle. A cross section study design was carried out for the determination of the prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode of cattle in Hawassa, Ethiopia from November, 2017 to February, 2018 to investigate the main risk factors influencing the prevalence and worm load infection of cattle. A total...
The Prevalence of small ruminant Trypanosomiasis in Oofa district, Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia
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ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study was conducted in three PAS of Oofa district Wolaita zone /southern Ethiopia, from November to April, to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis in small ruminants. Blood samples were collected from 384 randomly selected local Sheep (139) and goats (245) of different sex and age groups. The collected blood samples were examined by conventional hematological and parasitological techniques....
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A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2015 to march 2016 to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of salmonella isolates in Addis Ababa and Debrezeit abattoir, Ethiopia. Swab samples were collected from a total of 288 meat samples (72 bovine, 72 ovine, 72 caprine and 72 chickens) from abattoirs and were subjected to microbiological examination. Based on the microbiological examination...
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In tropical Africa, protozoan parasites cause several diseases of social and economic importance. Among protozoan parasites, trypanosomosis is one of the most devastating zoonotic diseases caused by infection with trypanosomes, which are transmitted primarily by tsetse flies and other hematophagous flies to human, domestic animals and wildlife. A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of Bovine...
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A questionnaire and serological survey was conducted to estimate the epidemiological distribution of brucellosis in goat in Tanqua Abergelle districts. According to the questionnaire survey, high rate of goat abortion (89.7%) was observed during the study year. The pregnancy stage of high risk of occurrence of abortion was during the third trimester (37.9%), followed by during first and third trimesters (27.5%). The...
Haematological Parameters of Balami Sheep (Ovis aries) at Sokoto Modern Abattoir before Slaughter
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The importance of determination of haematology reference values cannot be overemphasized as the changes in some of the blood cell parameters are of clinical importance. This study evaluated the haematology reference values in apparently healthy Nigerian Balami Sheep and determined the influence of sex on the haematological parameters. A total of 200 apparently healthy sheep consisting of 100 males (rams) and 100 females...
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ABSTRACT A cross-sectional study aimed at determining the prevalence, cyst characteristics and estimating the financial loss due to cystic echinococcosis (hydatidosis) in cattle slaughtered at Durame municipal abattoir was conducted from November 2015 to April 2016. Postmortem examination was carried out on 400 Cattles were randomly Selected and slaughtered at the abattoir through visual inspection, palpation and incision...
Article in Press
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to March 2017 in and around Alage Agricultural Technical Vocational Education Technical CollegeAlage (ATVET), southwestern Ethiopia, with the objective of determining the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and its associated risk factors in intensively and backyard managed chickens. Fresh fecal samples were collected from a total of 451 chickens by systematic random...
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