December 2011
Utility and importance of walnut, Juglans regia Linn: A review
Juglans regia Linn is a medicinal plant that has been widely used in traditional medicine for a wide array of ailments that include helminthiasis, diarrhea, sinusitis, stomachache, arthritis, asthma, eczema, scrofula, skin disorders, and various endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus, anorexia, thyroid dysfunctions, cancer and infectious diseases. The present review, attempts to provide...
December 2011
The use of gamma irradiation in agriculture
Lately, radiation technology is widely used to produce changes in the product characteristics leading to the development of new products. Gamma irradiation is capable of hydrolyzing chemical bonds, thereby cleaving large molecules of starch into smaller fragments of dextrin that may be either electrically charged or uncharged as free radicals. These changes may affect the physical and rheological properties...
December 2011
In vitro antiviral activities of Jrani caprifig latex and its related terpenes
The aim of this study was to search for new antiviral agents from Tunisian Jrani caprifig latex (Ficus carica L., Moraceae). Terpenes and coumarins were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis in hexane and hexane ethyl-acetate (1:1, v/v) extracts, and used in experiments to test their influence on a series of viruses, namely Herpes...
December 2011
Role of the quorum-sensing system in biofilm formation and virulence of Aeromonas hydrophila
Aeromonas hydrophila is a pathogen that causes disease in a wide range of homeothermic and poikilothermic hosts due to its multifactorial virulence. The production of many of these virulence determinants is associated with high cell density, a phenomenon that might be regulated by quorum sensing. The quorum sensing system regulates the expression of several virulence factors in a wide variety of...
December 2011
Detection of H9N2 avian influenza virus in various organs of experimentally infected chickens
H9N2 Avian influenza virus (AVI) infection is a major cause of economic losses in poultry industry. Therefore further study to explain the virus pathogenesis is necessary. In this study tissue tropism and dissemination of A/chicken/Iran/11T/99(H9N2) virus in various organs of specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens were investigated. Fifty 2-week-old chickens hatched from SPF eggs were divided randomly into two...
December 2011
Biological wastewater treatment: Microbiology, chemistry, and diversity measurement of ammonia oxidizing bacteria
Nitrification is an important biological process in nitrogen cycling and has a significant effect on effluent quality in wastewater treatment. Nitrification occurs in two steps by two types of chemoautotrophic bacteria, the ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB). The ammonia oxidizing bacteria is responsible for the oxidation of ammonia with oxygen into nitrite and is often the...
December 2011
Purification and Characterization of 56 kDa cold active Protease from Serratia marcescens
The extracellular cold active protease produced from Serratia marcescens TS1. The protease was purified to homogeneity from the production medium by ammonium sulphateation then followed by acetone precipitation with 80% saturation. The cold active protease was fractionized by diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose column chromotography. The molecular weight of protease was approximately...
December 2011
Overlap effects of cyromazine concentration, treatment method and rearing temperature on the Southern cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus F.) reared on cowpea
Overlap of insect growth regulator (cyromazine) concentration, treatment method and rearing temperature was studied on the southern cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Bruchidae: Coleoptera), under laboratory conditions. A concentration of 5% cyromazine and dipping treatment at 30°C showed a significant reduction in the reproductive rate by 0.5%. Moreover, increasing the...
December 2011
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Camptotheca acuminate D. seed oil
This study was designed to explore the in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities ofCamptotheca acuminate D. seed oil, which were extracted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) or petroleum ether extraction methods. The major constituent of the oil were described as (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrien-1-ol (54.92%) and 2-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]-3-[4-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]phenyl]-trimethylsilyl...
December 2011
Preparation, characterization and in vitro antimicrobial activity of compound sustained-release periodontal suppository of ornidazole and pefloxacin mesylate
Local delivery of sustained-release drugs in periodontal pocket is an effective approach for the treatment of periodontitis. The present study aimed to optimize and characterize the sustained-release periodontal suppository of compound ornidazole and pefloxacin mesylate (O&P) in vitro. Before suppository was prepared, the combined effect of O&P against dominant anaerobe and facultative anaerobe...
December 2011
Emergence of oligoclonal Acinetobacter baumannii nosocomial infection in a Hospital in Nepal
The molecular epidemiology of fifteen clinical strains of Acinetobacter baumanniirecovered from various clinical specimens from different wards during January to June, 2010 from a hospital in Nepal was evaluated. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test was used for determining in-vitro activities of antibiotics. Molecular epidemiology was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-randomly amplified...
December 2011
The effects of bifidobacterium lactis and galactooligosaccharide (GOS) on ileum and distal colon motility: In vitro study
Twenty one male Wistar albino rats each weighing approximately 280 g were used in this study. Animals were divided into three groups. The first group (n = 7) consisted of sham controls, in the second (n = 7), rats were administrated 0.1 g/1 ml/ galactooligosaccharide by by oral gavage for 4 weeks. In the third group (n = 7), rats were administrated 109CFU/1 ml/day Bifidobacterium lactis by oral...
December 2011
Cloning, expression and characterization of a glucose dehydrogenase from Bacillus sp. G3 in Escherichia coli
The glucose dehydrogenase gene (gdh), cloned from Bacillus sp. G3, was composed of 786 bp nucleotide and the deduced protein molecular mass of one subunit was 28.1 kDa. The recombinant glucose dehydrogenase (rGDH-G3) was functionally expressed inEscherichia coli. The results revealed that expressed rGDH-G3 had a high specific activity of 371.9 U/mg at 25°C and pH 8.0, with oxidized...
December 2011
Investigation of bioremediation of arsenic by bacteria isolated from contaminated soil
The aims of this study are isolating arsenite-resistant bacteria from arsenic contaminated soil and the investigation of arsenite bioremediation efficiency by the most resistant isolates. Isolation of arsenite-resistant bacteria and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were conducted by spread plate method and the agar dilution method on PHG-II agar plates supplemented with sodium arsenite...
December 2011
Effects of temperature on recruitment and phytoplankton community composition
Effects of temperature on phytoplankton recruitment and variations in phytoplankton community were studied by using hiemal sediment from Taihu Lake and performing a simulation experiment. Sediment samples were cultured in filtered lake water with elevated temperatures. Recruitment patterns and photosynthetic capacity of cyanobacteria, chlorophytes and diatoms were recorded, respectively. Results...
December 2011
Assessing antibiotic resistance profiles in Escherichia coli and Salmonella species from groundwater in the Mafikeng area, South Africa
Escherichia coli and Salmonella species occur as normal flora in the gastrointestinal tract of animals and humans. However, pathogenic strains exist that cause disease in humans. Infections may result from the consumption of water and food contaminated with faeces of human and animal origin. In South Africa, residents of most rural communities rely on untreated ground water for survival....
December 2011
Determination of hepatitis C virus genotypes among HCV positive patients in Shahrekord, Iran
Hepatitis C is one of the most common causes of the liver failure and cancer and represents a major public health problem. Recent studies have focused on whether different hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes, are associated with different profiles of pathogenicity, infectivity and response to antiviral therapy. Genotyping system based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the core region with genotype-specific...
December 2011
Analysis of agricultural input-output based on Cobb–Douglas production function in Hebei Province, North China
This study is to analyze the temporal and spatial variation of the agricultural input-output and the relation between agricultural output and input factors in Hebei Province by Cobb-Douglas production function in which cultivated area, effective irrigation area, chemical fertilizer usage, agricultural machinery power, rural electricity consumption and manpowerare taken as independent...
December 2011
Management of viral disease in banana using certified and virus tested plant material
Viruses are major limitations to cultivation. These viruses were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using specific polyclonal antibodies for Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV) and Cauliflower mosaic virus (CMV). Polymerase chain reaction, (PCR) based detection of a 500 bp amplicon from BBTV infected tissues and or a 600 bp amplicon from infection Brome...
December 2011
Scavenging and anti-fatigue activity of Wu-Wei-Zi aqueous extracts
In this study, the radical scavenging properties and the anti-fatigue activity of Wu-Wei-Zi aqueous extracts (WAE) were evaluated, respectively. Forced swimming exercise of mice was carried out after 4 weeks of WAE administration and biochemical parameters related to fatigue, such as blood lactic acid (BLA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hepatic glycogen (HG), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione...
December 2011
Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in intestinal epithelial cell in response to Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli infection and Lactobacillus plantarun treatment
A proteomic approach was taken to compare the proteomes of EnteroinvasiveEscherichia coli (EIEC) infection alone, Lactobacillus plantarun pre-treatment and control group. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), coupled with mass spectroscopy and protein database searching, 8 differentially expressed proteins was identified. Of them, Glutathione Transferase (down-regulated), Peroxisomal enoyl-coenzyme...
December 2011
A survey on the prevalence of poultry salmonellosis and detection of different Salmonella serovars isolated from poultry in broiler chicken farms
Salmonellosis is an important public health problem and food of poultry origin is one of the most common sources of human salmonellosis. The aim of this study was detection of Salmonella spp and determination of the prevalence of Salmonellosis in broiler poultry farms of Ardebil province, Iran. Salmonella detection by both conventional culture and multiplex PCR methods were performed on 400...
December 2011
Isolation and exploitation of Aspergillus ochraceus RM82 against human pathogenic bacteria
In the present research work, soil samples were collected from different hospitals of District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, contaminated with hospital disposable materials. Aspergillus ochraceus was isolated from the soil through serial dilution followed by morphological identification. Furthermore, different strains of human pathogenic bacteria were isolated from hospitalized...
December 2011
Seroprevalence of avian origin H3N2 canine influenza virus infection in pet dogs in Shenzhen, China
Canine influenza virus (CIV) is an emerging pathogen that causes severe and acute respiratory disease in dogs. Canine influenza is caused by two subtypes of influenza. A virus: H3N2 and H3N8. In recent years, surveys of avian origin CIV infection in dogs have been reported worldwide. However, little is known about the prevalence of CIV in pet dogs in China. In the present study, the prevalence of avian...
December 2011
Assessment of inflammatory cytokines and soluble adhesion molecules in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome in an intensive care unit of a Saudi tertiary hospital
Cytokines are endogenous inflammatory mediators, which play a central role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and in the expression of the adhesion molecules. The aims of this study are to analyze the levels of cytokines and the soluble adhesion in serum of infected (N = 68) and non-infected (N = 41) patients with systemic inflammatory responsemolecules (SIRS). 109 patients in the intensive care unit (ICU)...
December 2011
Seroprevalence of hepatitis-A virus among children aged 1-16 years in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey
This study aims to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis A among children aged 1-16 years in eastern region of Turkey. The study was conducted at Tunceli State Hospital in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Anti-HAV IgM and Anti-HAV IgG antibodies were evaluated among 351 patients admitted to our pediatric policlinic. Anti-HAV IgM and Anti-HAV IgG serologic markers were determined using the ELISA method. The mean...
December 2011
Diversity of nifH gene sequences in the sediments of South China Sea
In order to contribute to knowledge about structure of marine diazotrophic communities in the sediments of South China Sea, the molecular diversity of the nifH gene, which encodes the Fe protein of the nitrogenase complex, was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification using PolF/R primers, followed by cloning and sequencing. Sequences of nifH genes were amplified from...
December 2011
Difference in photoinhibition and photoprotection between seedings and saplings leaves of Taxus cuspidata under high irradiance
The differences in chloroplast pigments, gas exchange and photosystemII (PSII) photochemistry as well as xanthophyll in seeding and sapling leaves of Taxus cuspidatagrown in full sunlight were examined. Compared with the sapling leaves, the chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity and light intensity for saturation of photosynthesis were lower in seeding leaves. The response curves of PSII...
December 2011
Response of Cercospora beticola in sugar beet at different cultivars and fertilization level
Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) caused by Cercospora beticola is one of the most destructive foliar disease of sugar beets in all sugar beet-growing areas worldwide. In this study, field trials were carried out to determine the effect of CLS at different cultivars and fertilization level. The result showed that level of resistance against C. beticola from 20 variables were differed...
December 2011
In vitro antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17
Three polysaccharides, namely exopolysaccharide (EPS), water-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (WPS) and sodium hydroxide-extracted mycelial polysaccharide (SPS), from the endophytic fungus Fusarium oxysporum Dzf17 were investigated for their in vitroantioxidant activities. Among them, SPS was the most active antioxidant component, and WPS exhibited moderate antioxidant activity. The median...
December 2011
Production of calcium gluconate from cassava by Penicillium citrinum SCG-112
The feasibility of using cassava powder as the main material for production of calcium gluconate by Penicillium citrinum SCG-112 was evaluated in this study. The effect of incubation temperature, initial pH of the medium and inoculum size on production of calcium gluconate was investigated. The maximum yield of calcium gluconate (155 g/L) was obtained after 36 h incubation. The result was both...
Advertisement
Advertisement
