November 2011
Current status of action mode and effect of chitosan against phytopathogens fungi
Chitosan is a deacetylated derivative of chitin, consisting mainly of glucosamine units, commercially obtained from crustacean waste. This natural compound is biodegradable and nontoxic and has diverse applications in agriculture, among which highlights the control of fungal diseases in crops of agricultural interest. This review focuses on some basic studies about the mode of action and the effect of...
November 2011
A review of the prevalence of emerging Bartonellosis in humans and animals in China
The genus Bartonella is comprised of 20 species and subspecies, in which 10 species are responsible for human infections. The identification of the causative agent of cat-scratch disease, bacillary angiomatosis, urban trench fever, and Carrion's disease has raised the emerging medical importance of Bartonella spp. This article provides an overview of bartonellosis with emphasis on its...
November 2011
Copepod parasites of gills of 14 teleost fish species caught in the gulf of Annaba (Algeria)
A parasitic copepods study of Algerian teleost fish, report 25 copepod species belonging to eight families harvested from the gills of 14 fish species. The analysis of species richness according to some ecological, biological and taxonomical variables (Diet, Displacement, Way of life, Family) of the whole of hosts are reported in this study, the differences between mean specific richness (MSR) of all variables...
November 2011
Biofilm formation ability of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Paenibacillus macerans and their inhibitory effect against tomato bacterial wilt
The potential of biofilm formation of 16 Paenibacillus strains and their inhibitory effect against bacterial wilt of tomato seedlings were examined in this study. The crystal violet assay indicated that all strains of Paenibacillus except strain MB02-1202 formed biofilm after 96 and 144 h of incubation while there was not significant difference in biofilm...
November 2011
Detection of ecotone environment based on satellite and field techniques (A case study; Northern Alborz, Iran)
Environmental change and socio-economic pressure are expected to have significant impacts on Northern Alborz vegetation, particularly along ecotone such as the treeline. Remote sensing may be well suited to monitoring recent changes across the treeline because it captures integrated changes of all vegetation life forms over large spatial extents. This research examines treeline vegetation composition and...
November 2011
Determination of the effect of light and salt concentrations on Aphanocapsa algal population
The research was on the determination of the effect of light and salt concentrations onAphanocapsa algal population. Microbiological standards were observed in the isolation ofAphanocapsa sp from water sample collected from Shell Petroleum flow station. The effect of 5,000, 3500 and 2,000 lux light intensities and 10 g/L through 50 g/L salt concentrations on the growth and proliferation...
November 2011
Comparative analysis on the curing effect of acridine orange (mutagen) on beta - lactamase producing Staphylococus aureus, from bovine and human origin
The effect of the mutagen (acridine orange) on the multi-resistant antibiotics beta lactamase producing Staphylococcus aureus strain of bovine and human origin was investigated and tested individually using iodiometric (cell supervision) method for the level of beta-lactamase produced by each strain and antibiotic – sensitivity screening using single disc agar diffusion method. Analyses...
November 2011
Isoniazid resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from human patients
Isoniazid resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are a serious threat for successful tuberculosis control programs. Therefore, present study was aimed to figure out the pattern and level of resistance of M. tuberculosis against isoniazid. A total of 172 specimens of sputum, pus and bronchial washings; 70.9% males and 29.1% females with 84.30% pulmonary and 15.69% extrapulmonary...
November 2011
Isolation and characterization of Rhodococcus sp.BX2 capable of degrading bensulfuron-methyl
Bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) is a widely applicable sulfonylurea herbicides. However, BSM remains in environment for extended period of time (over 100 days) and causes a series of environmental problems. In this study, BX2, a strain presents high BSM degradation abilities, was isolated from an activated sludge sample using a continuous enrichment method and determined to be a member of the...
November 2011
Transposon mutant of Vigna radiata-nodulating Bradyrhizobium sp. impaired in both resistance to stress conditions and symbiotic performance
Rhizobial strains that nodulate Vigna radiata (mungbean) were examined for their resistance to several stress conditions. One strain of mungbean rhizobia was selected to construct a collection of transposon mutants based on resistance to high temperature (40°C), alkalinity (pH 8.0) and several heavy metals. One mutant that is deficient in resistance to high temperature, alkalinity and zinc was...
November 2011
Domestic wastewater (DWW) influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field conditions
In order to study domestic wastewater influence on secondary metabolite in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) under field condition, this experiment was carried out in Iran. In the field, 15 lysimeters having thyme (T. vulgaris L.) were used, where 1 to 5 lysimeters wereirrigated by domestic wastewater and primary drainage water was accumulated. 6 to 9 lysimeters...
November 2011
Possible involvement of endocyst in tolerance of the resting cyst of Colpoda cucullus against HCl
Tolerance of the resting cysts of protozoa against gastric acid and proteases is a strategy for surviving in the digestive tract of animals. The present study aimed to examine the protection mechanism against HCl in resting cysts of Colpoda cucullus, which were surrounded by a cyst wall, which is composed of an outermost layer (ectocyst) and several inner layers (endocyst). In addition to water,...
November 2011
A simple double-layered chrome azurol S agar (SD-CASA) plate assay to optimize the production of siderophores by a potential biocontrol agent Bacillus
Siderophores, a high-affinity chelating agents for ferric iron, is one of the mechanisms by which biocontrol agents’ act in inhibiting the growth of phytopathogens. Bacillus subtilisQM3, a siderophore producer, is a potential biocontrol agent. In this study, a simple double-layered chrome azurol S agar (SD-CASA) plate assay was developed. We further studied optimal conditions for...
November 2011
Study of most prevalent wheat seed-borne mycoflora and its effect on seed nutritional value
To study most prevalent wheat seed-borne mycoflora and its effect on the nutritional value, freshly harvested three and six months old stored wheat grains were collected from various parts of Pakistan. For isolation of seed-borne fungi, agar plate method was found more effective as compared to standard blotter method. Alternaria alternata was found to be the most prevalent fungus. Chemical analysis...
November 2011
Comparison between the conventional and modern techniques used for identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are rapid and simple means for the differentiation of members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, especially Mycobacterium bovis andM. tuberculosis, where it is important to distinguish between zoonotic sources (cattle and unpasteurized dairy products) and human sources of tubercle disease. This study is aimed to evaluate the recent technique such as...
November 2011
Nanotechnology approach on anticancer and antiviral properties of Consolida Sp.: The study of dipole moment and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
14-O-demethyledelboxine is one of the most important alkaloids in Consolida species. It is toxic and has many effects in body. In this article, we used dipole moment and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to describe this molecule properties. Nanoparameters and chemical shift calculations, geometry optimization and energies have been performed withab initio method at HF/Sto-3G, B3Lyp/6-31G and B3Lyp/6-31G*...
November 2011
Effect of ultraviolet, electromagnetic radiation subtype C (UV-C) dose on biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a commonly found nosocomial opportunistic pathogen that is characterized by its ability to form biofilm to protect itself from various external pressures. Biofilms are problematic in particular food industry sectors and in water distribution systems. In this study, we propose to explore the impact of UVC dose on biofilm production by P. aeruginosa strains. The biofilms...
November 2011
Voriconazole therapy: Associated acute kidney injury
Voriconazole is a good antifungal drug, which is often used to treat aspergillosis. Little is, however, known about its renal toxicity effect. A patient with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and pulmonary aspergillosis treated with Voriconazole suffered from acute renal failure, which was diagnosed Voriconazole therapy-associated acute kidney injury. Finally the patient recovered. This is a case report of...
November 2011
Antibacterial effects of probiotics isolated from yoghurts against some common bacterial pathogens
According to the deï¬nition of probiotics by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/World Health Organization, “probiotics are live microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health beneï¬t on the host”. Microorganisms that are probiotics in humans include Enterococci, Biï¬dobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, such...
November 2011
Morphological, pathological and molecular variability of Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose of chilli in the North-east of Thailand
Anthracnose disease is one of the major economic constraints to chilli production in tropical and subtropical regions. Ten isolates of Colletotrichum capsici causing chilli anthracnose were collected from 10 provinces in the northeast of Thailand. The isolates were evaluated for their morphological and cultural characteristics, pathogenic variability on chilli fruits and genetic characterization...
November 2011
Fungi and mycotoxins in stored foods
This review focused on the worldwide contamination of foods and feeds with mycotoxins as a significant problem. Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites of molds that have adverse effects on humans, animals, and crops that result in illnesses and economic losses. Aflatoxins, ochratoxins, trichothecenes, zearelenone, fumonisins, tremorgenic toxins, and ergot alkaloids are the mycotoxins of greatest agro-economic...
November 2011
Genetic diversity analyzed by quantitative traits among rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes resistant to blast disease
Genetic diversity was studied for blast resistant and susceptible genotypes using 13 morphological characters. Plant height, days to flowering and maturity, panicle length, number of spikelet per panicle, number of filled grain per panicle, number of unfilled grain per panicle, 1000-grain weight and yield per hill were indicated as important contributors to genetic divergence in 14 rice genotypes. The first 3...
November 2011
In situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction methods for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus RNA in breast cancer specimens
The role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as a cofactor in breast cancer is controversial and its association with breast cancer varies. In this study, EBV was detected by using in situhybridization technique (ISH) to detect Epstein-barr virus encoded RNA1 (EBER1) transcripts. Archival formalin-fixed paraffin embedded breast cancer tissue samples (n = 139) and normal breast tissue (n = 20) obtained from...
November 2011
High-level acetaldehyde production by an indigenous Lactobacillus strain obtained from traditional dairy products of Iran
Isolation and characterization of new Lactobacilli strains with high level acetaldehyde production, from traditional fermented milk, in different provinces of Iran, are reported. In this study, a total of 112 local dairy products such as yoghurt and doogh were collected from four provinces in the west of Iran, namely Kordestan, Kermanshah, Ilam and Lorestan. Ninety three isolates with extensive...
November 2011
Genotyping and antifungal susceptibility of Candida albicans clinical isolates from Yangzhou region in China
In this report, 500 clinical isolates of Candida albicans originated from patients’ body sites (vaginal, rectum, tongue and pharynx) and samples (stool, urine) in Yangzhou-located region were selected, screened and characterized. C. albicans DNA fragments spanning a potential transposable group I intron-containing region in 25S r DNA were amplified by polymerase chain reaction...
November 2011
Mycobiota associated with Platypus cylindrus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Platypodidae) in cork oak stands of North West Algeria, Africa
Platypus cylindrus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Platypodidae) is an important insect pest of the cork oak. These beetles maintain symbiotic relationships with many fungi that serve especially as food for the adults and larvae but also intervene in the mechanisms of establishment of the insect by further weakening the host-tree. 270 samples were taken by 3 sources: Galleries (30), mycangia and...
November 2011
Effect of DLC-1 gene on tumour formation in nude mice inoculated with OVCAR-3
The aim of the present study was to examine effect of DLC-1 gene transfect OVCAR-3 cells in vivo on tumour growth in nude mice. Results showed that tumor development rate in OVCAR-3/DLC-1 group, OVCAR-3/pEGFP-C3 group and OVCAR-3 group were 87, 87 and 100%, respectively. After 40 days, tumour cells were not detected in peripheral blood of mice in every group. Low expression of P-FAK, P- P130 cas and...
November 2011
A novel one-component system, XvgA involved in regulation of bacterial growth and virulence of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
One-component systems were the simplest and the most effective signaling mechanism in bacteria. Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) domains were important modules that play crucial roles in light or oxygen or redox signaling in bacteria, and most characterized GGDEF proteins involved in cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) synthesis played crucial roles in c-di-GMP signaling in bacteria. In Xanthomonas campestris pv. Campestris (Xcc),...
November 2011
In vitro antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles on Lactococcus garvieae and Streptococcus iniae
Antimicrobial effect of silver nanoparticles on two fish pathogens, Lactococcus garvieaeand Streptococcus iniae was investigated by microdilution method. A total of 16 isolates ofL. garvieae and S. iniae that were obtained from diseased rainbow trout during 2009 to 2011 were examined. Antimicrobial effects of the compound were evaluated according to the broth microdilution method...
November 2011
Antimicrobial activities of ethanol extract of black grape
There is considerable interest in alternative/adjuvant approaches for the eradication of infections using biologically active compounds, especially antioxidants from plants. Phenolic compounds in grape products play important roles for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects. Grapes are rich sources of potentially bioactive polyphenols. This study was conducted to measure the antibacterial...
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