Immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Ethiopia
January 2019
Vaccine preventable diseases are the major global health problem which contributes to morbidity and mortality of less than 5 years child population. But, the immunization coverage worldwide is below the target. Therefore, the study was aimed at immunization coverage of 12 to 23 months old children in Areka Town, Sothern Ethiopia. A community based cross-sectional study conducted from 10th March to 19th June 19, 2016 in...
Barriers of palliative care practice among health care providers: In case of Jimma town, south west Ethiopia
January 2019
Globally, palliative care is an urgent humanitarian need for patients with cancer and other chronic disease. Currently, it is estimated that only one in ten people who need palliative care receive it. Therefore, this study is aimed to identify barriers preventing people from using the service. Institutional based qualitative case study was conducted among twenty- seven purposively selected health care providers. Two...
Proper utilization of long lasting treated net and associated factors at Zuway Dugda district, Arsi zone, Ethiopia
January 2019
Insecticide-treated net is one of the main malaria control strategies reducing its incidence by half. This study measured proper utilization of insecticide-treated nets in the study area. To assess proper utilization of insecticide treated net and determinants among households of Zuway Dugda district, Ethiopia. Community based cross-sectional multistage study conducted using structured questionnaire via interview and...
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among high and preparatory school youth, East Wollega, Ethiopia, 2017: A cross-sectional study design
January 2019
Most of the sexual initiation and sexual practice of the youth begins at secondary school level. At this stage student assumed to be exposed to many risky sexual behaviors. However, little research had been explored in the Oromia region particularly in East Wollega zone on this area. A cross-sectional study design was used to assess risky sexual behavior and associated factors among high school and preparatory school...
Prevalence of hepatitis B virus, its risk factors and co-infection with human immune deficiency virus among clients of voluntary counseling and testing center in Hosanna, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
Hepatitis B infection (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem worldwide and its co-infection with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) is common due to shared routes of transmission. An increased mortality due to accelerated hepatic disease progression and the frequent hepatotoxicity caused by antiretroviral therapy are the challenges in the clinical management of HIV. Epidemiological studies on HBV and...
Risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
There is growing evidence suggesting that young people in school are practicing risky sexual behaviors. Ethiopian people aged 10 to 24 years have emerged as the segments of the population most vulnerable to a broad spectrum of serious sexual health problems. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess risky sexual behaviors and associated factors among preparatory school students in Arba Minch, Southern...
The association between sugary food and drinks intake and the risk of stroke mortality in the adventist health study-2
December 2018
A high consumption of added sugar has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia. The main goal was to assess the association of sugary food and drink intake on the risk of stroke mortality. The Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) is a prospective study with approximately 96,000 participants from the United States and Canada. Subjects were...
Prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with malaria infection among children under five years in Tanzania
November 2018
Malaria is one among four main infectious diseases leading in death for the under-five children in Africa. This study aim to determine prevalence of malaria and social demographic factors related with children under-five in Tanzania. The study used cross section data extracted from Tanzania demographic health survey collected from 2015 to 2016. A sample of 9,322 under five children with malaria rapid diagnostic test...
Bacteriology of Opa River, Ile-Ife, Nigeria and its public health implication on selected bordering areas
November 2018
This study determined the bacteriological quality of water from the Opa River and assessed the impact of human behaviour on the quality of water along the river course. Twenty five water samples were collected over a period of five weeks at five selected points based on population clusters along the river. A hundred questionnaire items were administered to randomly selected residents to elicit information about the...
Prevalence and intensity of urinary schistosomiasis in Ogun state, Southwest, Nigeria
November 2018
Schistosomiasis is an environmentally-mediated disease that depend on the presence of suitable habitats for snails, which serve as intermediate hosts for the causative parasites. Research has shown that the disease is endemic in Osun state and remains unabated. Until now, there has never been any mapping of the disease in the State. This study will serve as a reliable baseline data for intervention planning in the...
Assessment of the unmet needs of contraception among female undergraduate students in southern Nigeria
November 2018
The proportion of women who have an unmet need for modern contraception is highest (24%) in Sub-Saharan Africa, which is double the world average of 12% in 2015. This unmet need leads to unintended pregnancies, unsafe abortions and limitation of women’s ability to achieve educational, employment and economic goals. This study aims to assess the unmet needs of contraception and the reasons for contraceptive non-use...
Investigating risk factors associated with the persistence of malaria in the Obang valley, North West Region, Cameroon
October 2018
Malaria interventions - vector control using long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) or indoor residual spraying, chemoprevention and case management including diagnosis and treatment of infections - are highly effective and affordable. These interventions have led to a significant reduction in malaria prevalence, and a marked decline in morbidity and mortality associated. Despite these increasing control efforts, this...
Sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A community based cross-sectional study
October 2018
Attaining sustainable sanitation in urban slum community is still an issue and continues to be a gap. Furthermore, factors associated with sanitation practices among slum dwellers has not been yet well explored in many low income countries, such as Ethiopia. This study was designed to determine the sanitation practice and associated factors among slum dwellers residing in urban slums of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A...
Mental health status of students attending tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
October 2018
National health policies that take into cognizance the interventions against the menace of students’ ill health in Nigeria are limited. This study investigated the health status of students in tertiary institutions in Bayelsa State. A descriptive study design was adopted to randomly select four tertiary institutions out of six. Two hundred students were randomly selected from the four schools; fifty from each...
Prevalence of premarital sexual practices and its associated factors among high school students in Addis Zemen Town, South Gondar, Ethiopia, 2017
October 2018
Pre-marital sex is a penetrative vaginal or anal sexual intercourse performed before formal marriage in younger population. Moreover, these population groups are less likely than adults to have the information, skills and support to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and other consequences of premarital sex. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of pre-marital sexual practice and its associated factors...
Occurrence of diarrhea and utilization of zinc bundled with ORS among caregivers of children less than five-years in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
September 2018
In response to the high occurrence of diarrhea in Ethiopia, the Federal Ministry of Health employed an effective strategy that included administration of zinc together with oral rehydration salt to treat children suffered diarrhea since 2013. Nonetheless, information on zinc bundled with ORS uptake is limited and thus this study has examined zinc utilization among beneficiaries. A community based cross-sectional study...
Quality of tuberculosis treatment services in public hospitals of Sidama Zone, Southern Ethiopia, 2016
September 2018
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem, responsible for ill health among millions of people each year. It is the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide following human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Tuberculosis control measures are limited by the quality of care provided at the local level. Providing a quality and timely care for patients with TB is crucial in prevention and...
Assessment of major causes of heart failure and it’s pharmacologic management among patients at Felege Hiwot referral hospital in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
September 2018
Heart failure is a complex, clinical syndrome of signs and symptoms that are caused by defects in cardiac structure, function, or both, resulting in impairment of peripheral circulation and organ oxygenation. It is a staggering clinical and public health problem and the study of the epidemiology on heart failure demonstrated that heart failure is associated with significant mortality, morbidity, and health care...
Seroprevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics within Kaduna metropolis, North-Central, Nigeria
September 2018
Chlamydia trachomatis is a major causative agent of sexually transmitted disease (STD), which can damage a woman’s reproductive organs. The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was investigated among 200 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in three hospitals located within Kaduna metropolis, North-Central, Nigeria. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique was performed to detect chlamydia...
Tinea capitis:A tropical disease of hygienic concern among primary school children in an urban community in Nigeria
September 2018
Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophyte infection in school age children in developing countries and is known to impact negatively on their health and well-being. This study determined the prevalence of T. capitis and its relationship with hygiene among primary school pupils in Ile-Ife. This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited randomly selected pupils from public and private schools in Ile-Ife from March...
Health problems related to algal bloom among seaweed farmers in coastal areas of Tanzania
August 2018
There is a scarcity of research-based data on the factors associated with skin irritation due to algal blooms in seaweed farming. Changes in temperature with an increase in nutrients levels lead to the growth of harmful algal blooms, which produce many active metabolites, some of which induce toxic responses in human including skin irritation. The objective of this study was to identify health problems experienced by...
Cancer survival in Brazil: Estimate through the mortality to incidence ratio
August 2018
Information about cancer incidence, mortality and survival is one of the pillars for disease monitoring. In Brazil, only a few studies show population-based survival. The mortality to incidence ratio (M:I) is an indirect measure of cancer survival and can be used to estimate a population cancer survival. To calculate the mortality to incidence ratios (M:I), an official information for incidence and mortality rates in...
Factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness among antenatal clinic attendants in selected public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Institution based cross sectional study
August 2018
Birth preparedness and complication readiness is a comprehensive strategy aimed in promoting timely access to skilled maternal and neonatal services. It also facilitates active preparation and decision making for delivery by pregnant women. The aim of this study was to assess birth preparedness and complication readiness plans of antenatal clinic attendees in selected public Hospitals of Addis Ababa. Institution based...
Statistical model of weight outcome among college students
August 2018
The issue of weight outcome is a common problem across all ages in the world, regardless of being a male or female. Studies show that its cause is more associated with insufficient physical activities due to technological addicts and improper eating habits. However, this study sought to find out whether the predictors by authorities are in existent among college students in this part of the country. In a cross...
Determinants of modern contraceptive use among fertile women in Debark districts, North West Ethiopia
August 2018
This study examined and identified the determinants of modern contraceptive use among fertile women in Debark district. In order to meet the objective descriptive, multiple logistic regression and multilevel logistic regression statistical techniques were used for data analysis. The results of multiple logistic regressions showed that health center, place of residence, marital status, access to media, environmental...
Prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition among school adolescents in Gobu Seyo District, East Wollega Zone, Oromia regional state of West Ethiopia, 2016
July 2018
Adolescence is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood. During this, nutrient needs are greatest. There is so little data on adolescents' nutrition and research needs are immense. The objective of the study was to assess prevalence and associated factors of undernutrition in school adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted at GobuSeyo district in December, 2016. Using...
Genotypic variation, demographic characteristics and risk factors of hepatitis C virus in Scotland
July 2018
Knowledge on the epidemiology of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has implicit significance for the diagnosis, duration and treatment response of infected patients, as some genotypes are more responsive to therapy than others. In this paper, an examination of the possible association of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes with demographic and risk factors for transmission was described. The study utilized routinely collected data...
Malaria outbreak and contracting factors in Afar Region, Ethiopia, 2016
July 2018
On July 5, 2016, Amibera District Health office was alerted of excess of malaria cases in two villages. Within July 5 to 17, 2016 malaria outbreak and associations factors were investigated. A malaria case is when a person with fever or fever with headache is confirmed either microscopically to have Plasmodium parasites or by Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) to detect the malaria antigens. In the last five years malaria data...
Precision health contributions to public health: An integrative review
July 2018
Precision health is an all-encompassing term, which can describe a type of care that shows the intersectionality of genomics, precision health or medicine and public health. This integrative review aimed to investigate how precision health strategies could contribute to the public health and improve health-related outcomes among populations. The search strategy included 5 main keywords combined with other 63...
Incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in rural women accessing antenatal care services in Awka, south-east, Nigeria
July 2018
Nigeria accounts for a considerable proportion of maternal deaths that occur annually worldwide. The study investigated the incidence of pre-pregnancy and pregnancy-related illnesses in women accessing antenatal care services at health facilities in Awka South Local Government Area, Anambra State. The study adopted cross-sectional research design. The population comprised 3,207 registered pregnant women from January to...
Prevalence of hepatitis B and C among HIV/AIDS patients attending Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos Plateau State Nigeria: A retrospective study
June 2018
The prevalence of hepatitis B and C (HBV and HCV) among HIV infected persons is a major public health problem in Nigeria. The increasing number of people living with HIV in Nigeria has presented the health care system with new co-morbid infections such as HBV and HCV. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C among HIV/AIDS patients attending Bingham University Teaching Hospital Jos...
A longitudinal data analysis on risk factors for developing type-2 diabetes mellitus at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia
June 2018
Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic chronic diseases characterized by high blood sugar levels with multi-system complications. The objective of this study was to assess the risk factors for developing type-2 diabetes mellitus over time in their random blood sugar and to obtain better predictive model for type 2 diabetes patients’ random blood sugar (RBS) level in the University of Gondar Comprehensive...
Investigation on the effect of a one-day pharmacovigilance training of healthcare professionals
June 2018
A key objective of the decentralized pharmacovigilance program is to increase the knowledge of in-service healthcare professionals in pharmacovigilance to enable them develop a culture and practice of adverse drug reactions reporting. It is imperative to evaluate the impact of the training offered, as it is a key component of the national decentralized pharmacovigilance program. Thus the aim of this study was to...
Caregiver feeding practices in Sierra Leone
June 2018
Sierra Leone is a basis for developing a community based Early Childhood Development (ECD) programme. Using a set of questions in a household survey, it was found that 92% of children are given breast milk as their first food. However, for 39% of children, breastfeeding stops after 40 days. 46% of the children were not breastfed exclusively until six months. 28% of the children did not get three meals per day, and...
Knowledge, attitude and practice on hand washing and associated factors among public primary schools children in Hosanna town, Southern Ethiopia
June 2018
The burden of communicable diseases within developing countries is mainly influenced by poor personal hygiene practices Despite substantial evidence about the effectiveness of hand washing, especially using soap at all critical time, the practice is poor in developing countries including Ethiopia. The problem is not researched well on children who are major risk groups for diarrheal diseases, ARI and other hygiene...
Socio-demographic determinants of health support services among orphans and vulnerable children in Nigeria
May 2018
Worldwide, the population of orphans and vulnerable children is estimated to be around 160 million with sub-Sahara Africa accounting for 80% of these children owing largely to the effect of HIV/AIDS, civil wars, road accidents, sectarian violence, terrorism, and other factors. Efforts have been made over the years by governments and development partners to mitigate the effects of orphanhood, but these efforts have...
Maternal dietary and nutritional characteristics as predictor of newborn birth weight in Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2017
May 2018
Maternal nutrition plays a major role in influencing fetal growth and birth outcomes. It is a modifiable risk factor which drags a significant public health consideration to avert adverse birth outcomes, specially, in low and middle income countries. Suboptimal dietary and nutritional characteristics and low birth weight are prevalent in the present study setting. This study was conducted to assess the association of...
Satisfaction of maternal care among women delivered at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital, Bure, West Gojjam, Amhara, Ethiopia: A cross sectional study
May 2018
Maternal satisfaction is a means of evaluating quality of maternal health care given in health facilities. The objective was to assess the level of maternal satisfaction and associated factors at Asrade Zewude Memorial Primary Hospital. Cross-sectional study was conducted on 420 clients by systematic sampling method from February 8, 2017 to September 25, 2017. Structured questionnaire that was...
Factors associated with sputum conversion in a multinational population of tuberculosis patients
May 2018
Various factors had been related with sputum conversion in tuberculosis patients, which constituted an essential indicator of the effectiveness of treatment and the infectivity of patients. The study evaluates the factors related with smear sputum conversion in pulmonary tuberculosis. A retrospective cohort study of newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis was performed from January 2013 to September 2016 in Cuban...
Factors affecting implementation of integrated community case management of childhood illnesses in South West Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia
May 2018
Integrated community case management (ICCM) is a program that allowed Health Extension Workers (HEWs) treat the three most common childhood illnesses: pneumonia, diarrhea and malaria through delivering a closer and accessible care. In Ethiopia, this proven strategy was being implemented in selected districts of the regions but there were no sufficient evidences to decision-makers for improvement interventions....
Factors associated with utilization of institutional delivery care and postnatal care services in Ethiopia
April 2018
Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan African countries with high maternal mortality rate due to complication of delivery. Institutional delivery care and postnatal care are key health services that can reduce maternal mortality. The main objective of this study was to identify factors affecting utilization of institutional delivery and postnatal care services. The data for this study were obtained from the 2014 EDHS which...
Assessment of impediments affecting health systems response to neurocysticercosis in two districts (Gulu and Amuru) of Northern Uganda: A cross sectional study
April 2018
Northern Uganda is recovering from the effects of prolonged war which devastated most of the health systems in the region. The aim of the study was to identify health sector impediments affecting health systems response to Neurocysticercosis in the districts of Gulu and Amuru. A cross sectional study was conducted on two hospitals and 10 health centers. Two hundred and three (n=203) respondents were...
Compliance to treatment regimen among diabetic patients attending outpatient department of selected hospitals in Benin City, Edo State
April 2018
Diabetes is a global health issue as it is a metabolic disease that affects individuals of all ages. The success of long term maintenance therapy for diabetes mellitus depends largely upon the patient’s compliance with a therapeutic plan. This study investigated the level of compliance with treatment regimen among clients with diabetes mellitus in selected hospital in Benin City, Edo state. A descriptive cross...
Assessment of community knowledge, attitude and practice on milk borne zoonoses disease in Debre- Birhan town, north Shewa, Ethiopia
April 2018
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Debre-Birhan town, North shoa, Ethiopia, with the objectives of assessing the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the study participants with respect to milk borne zoonoses; and to determine the effect of demographic character of respondents on knowledge, attitude and practice of zoonotic diseases. Data were collected from the respondents through...
Vitamin-D deficiency and insufficiency and quality of life in Jeddah, KSA: Is there any evidence of association
March 2018
Vitamin D (VD) deficiency and insufficiency have been linked to poor quality of life (QoL); general weakness, fatigue, and nonspecific pain. Despite abundance of sun light, there is a wide spread VD deficiency in the Arabian Gulf countries. However, the impact of VD deficiency on the quality of life has not been well documented in the Arabian Gulf countries, including the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). This study aims...
Physical activity levels among Fayoum governorate population (Egypt): Community-based survey
March 2018
Physical inactivity is one of the most important public health problems in the 21st century. It plays an active role in the prevention of both non-communicable diseases and premature death. A community-based survey was conducted to assess the level of physical activity among household population and to identify associated demographic factors of physical inactivity. A sample of 5000 households was selected by a...
Epidemiology of Hepatitis B viral infection among students and non-teaching (casual) staff of Nile University of Nigeria: A 2017 study
March 2018
Hepatitis B viral infection is a silent deadly disease. According to the Society for Gastroenterology and Hepatology in Nigeria (SOGHIN), over 20 million persons are infected with hepatitis and death from it is on a large scale. This study was carried out in order to estimate the prevalence of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) among students and non-teaching staff of Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja. The study was...
Client satisfaction among private wing and regular health care services at Nekemte Referral Hospital, East Wollega Zone, Oromia regional state, Western Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study, 2016
February 2018
The level of client satisfaction with the services provided by the hospitals is one critical area that must be assessed continuously. There is the paucity of information on the comparison of the level of client satisfaction from regular and private wing services of public hospitals in Ethiopia. Thus, the current study aims to compare the level of clients’ satisfaction in the adult outpatient department among...
Helminthiasis and chronic suppurative otitis media in Ijoun Community in Ogun State, Nigeria
February 2018
This study, carried out in a rural community in Ogun state Nigeria, aims to determine the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths, bacteria causing Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM), and their coinfection among school-aged participants. Formol-ether sedimentation technique was used to check for helminth eggs in stool samples. Ear swabs collected were cultured on chocolate, blood and MacConkey agar plates. CD4+T...
Service availability and readiness assessment of maternal and child health services using the WHO tool in Kapasia and Sreepur Upazila of Gazipur District in Bangladesh
February 2018
The world is making significant progress in reducing the number of women and children dying from preventable causes. Bangladesh is also on track. The objective of this study was to strengthen maternal and child health service delivery in Kapasia and Sreepur Upazila of Gazipur district using SARA tool. The present assessment was a cross-sectional quantitative assessment. This evaluation was performed between January 2015...
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