December 2011
Isolation and screening of protease producing thermophilic Bacillus strains from different soil types of Pakistan
Thermophilic bacteria produce commercially useful proteases, active at high temperature. Due to growing demand of proteases application in different industries, the present study was designed to isolate protease producing Bacillus strains. Nine strains were isolated from three different ecological sources and qualitatively screened on skim milk agar. TheBacillus strain PB1 showed 5.4 cm zone of...
December 2011
The colonization of plants by dark septate endophytes (DSE) in the valley-type savanna of Yunnan, southwest China
The colonization of 120 plant species by dark septate endopytes (DSE) in the valley-type savanna of Jiansha River, southwest China was investigated. It was found that about 84% of plants were colonized by DSE to some extent. Morphological polymorphism of DSE was observed and 8 plant families were recorded as potential hosts for DSE. High colonization rate of DSE in the savanna vegetation implies that these...
December 2011
Carrot (Daucus carrota), garlic (Allium sativum) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts as bacteria selective agents in culture media
Extracts of carrot, garlic and ginger as selective agents in basal bacteriological media were carried out on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 15313, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 2522, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 using a standard method. Ethanolic extracts, aqueous cold and hot extracts of the experimental plant products were made at the...
December 2011
Factor analysis as an example of qualitative and quantitative method for modeling hydrogeochemical processes of coastal sedimentary basin of Togo
The present study examined the hydrochemical facies of groundwater present in the Coastal Sedimentary basin of Togo around drinking water supply. The study aim at explaining the controlling processes responsible for various facies. The parameters including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), K, Na, Ca, Mg, Cl, HCO3, SiO2, SO4 and NO3 in...
December 2011
Abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in rhizosphere and bulk paddy soil under different duration of organic management
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) approaches were used to assess respectively the quantity and the molecular diversity of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in rhizosphere and bulk paddy soil under conventional management (2 year) and different duration(2, 3, 5 and 9 years) organic management. Phylogenetic analysis in our study based on bacterial AOB...
December 2011
Identification and distribution of aeromycoflora in the indoor environment of Shyambazar Metro-Railway Station, Kolkata, India
Concentrations of fungal spores constitute a significant amount in bioaerosol depending on geographical regions and seasonal variations. Mycotoxin producing spores have adverse effects on humans. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalent species of airborne fungi in the indoor environment of the Shyambazar Metro-Railway Station, Kolkata, India. This area is below the ground level and fully...
December 2011
Changes in soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity during the transition from winter to growing season in the subalpine/alpine forests
Changes in microbial community from winter to growing season are helpful to understand their self-adaptations in the high-frigid ecosystem. A field experiment was conducted to investigate soil microbial biomass and bacterial diversity by PCR-DGGE in the primary fir(Abies faxoniana) forest (PF), fir and birch (Betula albosinensis) mixed forest (MF) and secondary fir forest (SF) in western China....
December 2011
Variations in the isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina from sesame in China based on amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and pathogenicity
Charcoal rot that is caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, the most damaging disease in sesame in China. Variations in the 35 isolates of M. phaseolina collected from the main sesame producing regions in central China comprising of Hubei, Henan, Anhui, Jiangxi province were studied based on morphology, pathogenicity and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). The results...
December 2011
Does regular aerobic training affect basal leptin level (difference between male and female)?
There is discrepancy about the effects of regular exercise training on basal leptin level and most of the existing data have been collected from obese/thin subjects. In this study, the effects of one year aerobic exercise was investigated in normal weight untrained healthy volunteer male and female subjects. The sample included 60 non-athletes, male and female university students. First, all samples were...
December 2011
Cloning and phylogenetic analysis of the NSP1~5 genes of giant panda rotavirus strain CH-1 isolated in China
Rotavirus (RV), a member of the genus Rotavirus of the family Reoviridae, is an important causative agent of diarrhoea diseases of human and animals worldwide. The Asian Rotavirus Surveillance Network reported that overall 45% of diarrhoea admissions in Asian region were positive for rotavirus in nine countries and regions of Asia (2008). But very limited knowledge about animal diarrhoea diseases...
December 2011
The uncertainty of assessing aflatoxin B1-producing ability using aflR gene in Aspergillus species
Aspergillus section Flavi consists of many species which are very similar in morphology and very important in human health and food industry. Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Aspergillus toxicarius are notorious aflatoxigenic species. Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus sojae are non-aflatoxigenic species and widely used for Oriental...
December 2011
Significance of clinicopathology and expression of heat shock protein 72 and glycoprotein 96 in human hepatocellular carcinomas
Heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) and glycoprotein 96 (gp96) are highly expressed in cancer tissues. Recent studies indicate the possible roles of HSP72 and gp96 in the development and progression of gastrointestinal carcinomas, but detailed information is still ambiguous. The aim of the study is to investigate the correlation between clinicopathology and immunolocalization of HSP72 and gp96 in human...
December 2011
Antitumor efficacy of Bifidobacterium longum carrying endostatin gene enriched with selenium and the distribution of selenium
As a domestic anaerobic bacterium in the human body, Bifidobacterium longum can selectively germinate and proliferate in the hypoxic regions of solid tumors. Selenium (Se) has been found to inhibit carcinogenesis and tumor growth. In our previous study, we demonstrate that B. longum carrying pBV22210-Endostatin (B. longum-En) inhibit tumor growth. In this study, we enriched Se to B....
December 2011
Evidence of resistance gene markers parasexual recombination in Magnaporthe grisea
A selectable marker gene conferring resistance to bialaphos (Bar) was introduced into rice blast isolate 95-8-36 and another conferring resistance to hygromycin (Hph) into isolate P32-1 of Magnaporthe grisea by Agrobacterium tumefaciens- mediated transformation (ATMT) to demonstrate exchange of DNA. Many of the transformants of 95-8-36 and P32-1 were mixed by grinding and cultured on oat agar...
December 2011
Public health risk of O157 and Non-O157 Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli strains in a semi-urban environment in Nigeria
Vehicles of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections can be quite broad and under reported especially in the rural and semi-urban communities in the developing countries, suggestive of silent and high prevalence which is a public health risk. This may not be unconnected with acute renal failure cases in children and adolescents in the developing countries as STEC related infections...
December 2011
Adhesive properties of Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from Tunisian aquatic biotopes
The ability of Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from aquatic environment and ornamental fishes to adhere to both biotic and abiotic surfaces was evaluated. The majority of strains were able to adhere to fish skin mucus, while the fish mucus preparation exhibited a high level of anti-bacterial effect. Adhesive properties were observed between 75 and 80% of the analyzed A. hydrophila to...
December 2011
Distribution, frequency of occurrence and population density of root knot nematode in Hamelmalo – Eritrea
A survey was conducted during January to May 2011, to assess the occurrence and population density of root-knot nematode on different crops in 13 different localities of Hamelmalo subzone (Eritrea). A total 449 samples were collected from the study area and nematodes in their rhizosphere soil and root extracted by Cobb’s decanting and sieving technique, Baermann funnel technique and root maceration...
December 2011
Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactimase (ESBL) producing extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli
Despite the frequent isolation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producingEscherichia coli from extra-intestinal infections (ESBL-ExPEC), the virulent properties or the antibiotic resistance mechanisms or its phylogenetics is rarely studied in Malaysia. In the present investigation, we characterized 95 clinical isolates of ESBL-ExPEC collected over a one year period time from a tertiary hospital...
December 2011
Seroprovalences of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in preoperative patients admitted to a hospital in Northern Anatolia
Infections of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are considered important health problems worldwide. In this study, we assessed results of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg), anti-HCV and anti-HIV tests which were ordered to patients before any surgical intervention in a university hospital, in Tokat, Turkey. All patients who were planned to have surgical...
December 2011
Dynamics of fungal diversity in different phases of Pinus litter degradation revealed through denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) coupled with morphological examination
Fungal diversity in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica litter was investigated by PCR-DGGE coupled with a traditional cultivation method. Twenty-one fungal strains were isolated by traditional cultivation methodology, most being filamentous fungi. Total DNA was extracted directly from the L, F1, F2 and H litter layers respectively using the bead-beating method. About 460 bp rDNA fragments were...
December 2011
A molecular redox sensor from Streptomyces rimosus M4018 for Escherichia coli
In order to enable microorganisms to manifest their intracellular oxygen levels we constructed a genetic sensor circuitry which converts signals impinging on the cellular redox balance into a reporter gene expression readout. Based on the newly foundStreptomyces rimosus redox control system, consisting of Rex modulating Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)-containing promoters in a NADH-dependent...
December 2011
Study on the optimization of the technology for the extraction and purification of total flavone in Scutellaria baicalensis and its antibacterial activity
The objective of this research is to study the technology for the extraction of flavone inScutellaria baicalensis and its antibacterial activity; to adopt macroporous absorption resin method to investigate the technology for purification of total flavone in S. baicalensisthrough orthogonal experiment, and adopt the improved tube double dilution method to study its antibacterial activity. The final...
December 2011
Purification and characterization of a xylanase from the endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata isolated from the Thai medicinal plant, Croton oblongifolius Roxb.
Xylanases are a class of enzymes that degrade b-1, 4-xylan, a linear polysaccharide found as hemicellulose in plant cell walls, in xylose. They are one of the most importantenzyme groups used in industry and agriculture. Fifty-four endophytic fungi were isolated and examined for xylanase production. Xylanase activity was found in thirty of the isolates in primary screening...
December 2011
Increasing prevalence of high-level gentamicin resistant enterococci: An emerging clinical problem
Enterococci have recently been recognized as a causative organism of intractable infections. This study investigated the species prevalence, antimicrobial resistance and characterization of high-level gentamicin resistant (HLGR) enterococci. A total of 163 enterococci were isolated from various clinical samples collected from hospitalized patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The Enterococcus...
December 2011
Utilization of millet and guinea corn husks for bioethanol production
In this study, the rumen of ruminant animals served as a source for isolation of bacteria used in the hydrolysis of millet husks and guinea corn husks prior to fermentation. The isolates were characterized and identified as Bacillus firmus, Bacillus circulans, Escherichia coli, Proteus rettgerii, Paenibacillus macerans and Serratia marcescens.Zymomonas mobilis and Saccharomyces...
December 2011
New approach in diagnosis and treatment of Bovine Mycotic Mastitis in Egypt
In the present study, 123 collective milk samples from 71 cattle and 52 buffaloes suffering from clinical mastitis with no or poor response to treatment with conventional antibiotics were tested for mycotic mastitis using culture and multiplex PCR (m-PCR) methods. The overall positive percentage of Mycotic mastitis was 25.2 and 30.08% using culture and m-PCR respectively. Milk culture revealed...
December 2011
Effect of “WuQinXi†exercise on blood lipid levels and the antioxidant enzyme activities in aged practicers
This study was designed to test the effect of “WuQinXi” exercise on blood lipid levels and the antioxidant enzyme activities in aged practicers. Results showed that 30 days of “WuQinXi” exercise could significantly lower the serum levels of TC, TG and LDL-C, while increasing the serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and activities of SOD and...
December 2011
Analyzing influence on the conformation of single-chain antibody with the differential length of linkers
To analyze the differential length of linkers of peptides on the conformation of single-chain antibody, and seek the length of linkers with which the conformation is the most similar to the wild type antibody. The similarity between the wild type antibody model and the single-chain antibody model was calculated by the comparison method of spherical shell layer; after comparing with conclusions of other...
December 2011
Detection of the antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from human infections and bovine mastitis
The present study was carried out in an attempt to detect the distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from human infections and bovine mastitis. mecA, msrA, msrB, aacA-D, tetK and tetM genes were selected in order to detect the distribution of antibiotic-resistant genes by multiplex PCR technique. According to the biochemical analysis and...
December 2011
Leucocalocybe, a new genus for Tricholoma ongolicum (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)
A new genus of Agaricales, Leucocalocybe was erected for a species Tricholoma mongolicum in this study. Leucocalocybe was distinguished from the other genera by a unique combination of macro- and micro-morphological characters, including a tricholomatoid habit, thick and short stem, minutely spiny spores and white spore print. The assignment of the new genus was supported by...
December 2011
Optimal conditions for maximizing production of reducing sugars from microwave-assisted FeCl3 pretreated rice straw degraded by Trichoderma viride and Bacillus pumilus
Microwave-assisted FeCl3 pretreated rice straw was degraded to reducing sugars withTrichoderma viride and Bacillus pumilus. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design (BBD) were used to optimize degradation conditions of pretreated rice straw with respect to initial pH, degradation temperature, T. viride/B. pumilusinoculum ratio (T/B inoculum ratio) and degradation...
December 2011
Application of an improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from various seafood samples
The specificity and sensitivity of an improved loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains from various seafood samples had been developed and evaluated in this study. Six primers, including outer primers and inner primers, were specially designed for recognizing six distinct sequences on the target gene of tlh. The optimal...
December 2011
Antibiotic susceptibility and resistance of Aeromonas spp. isolated from fish
The sensitivity of 24 isolates of Aeromonas spp. isolated from the muscle of different species of fish was compared using commonly used antibiotics. The in vitro susceptibility of the isolates was studied by disk diffusion method using discs (Oxoid) containing the following antibiotics were used: penicillin G (10 U), tetracycline (30 μg), gentamycin (30 μg), azitromycin (15 μg),...
December 2011
Antibacterial activity of fresh juice of Allium sativum (garlic) against multi – drug resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus causes a variety of infections in humans and animals. The growing emergence of drug - resistant pathogens led to the development of natural antimicrobials. In this study the antimicrobial effect of fresh garlic juice against multi – drug resistant S. aureus isolates has been studied. Antibacterial activity was measured by agar well diffusion method. All the test...
December 2011
Effect of agricultural and industrial developments on the quality of water at UMhlathuze River (Northern Coast of Kwa-Zulu Natal, RSA)
UMhlathuze River is the main recipient of domestic, sewage, industrial and agricultural waste from local industrial and agricultural practices. Scarcity of water resources and the contamination of UMhlathuze River by agricultural and industrial developments make communities around UMhlathuze area susceptible to potential outbreaks of water-borne diseases as well as the risk of ingesting carcinogenic...
December 2011
Pathogenecity of Bacillus thuringiensis against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti larvae
Bacillus thuringiensis is ubiquitous, Gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria that act as a larvicide to various Dipteran species due to the toxin it produce. Sporulation process, the production of endotoxins, of the isolated bacterial strain varies in which some isolates sporulate faster while other isolates took some time for sporulation. Thus, the isolate with faster sporulation process were chosen. In...
December 2011
Microbiological study of domestic cockroaches in human dwelling localities
This descriptive study was carried out to determine bacterial infection rate of cockroaches in the residential dwellings. A total of 650 cockroaches were collected in Sanandaj city houses using sticky traps, direct collection and vacuum cleaner. After determination, 85 of them were examined in base standard methods for bacterial infection. Two species of cockroaches...
December 2011
Prevalence of cutaneous leishmaniasis during 2010 in Mazandaran Province, Iran
Leishmaniasis includes a wide variety of diseases which are classified into three main categories: cutaneous leishmaniasis, muco-cutaneous leishmaniasis, and visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the health problems in tropical regions and a priority of world health. The vector of this disease is female sand fly fromPhlebotomus specie. This descriptive-inferential retrograde study was...
December 2011
Bacterial isolates from visceral abscesses of sheep at Qassim, Saudi Arabia
Abscess diseases of sheep (caseous lymphadenitis, CLA, caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, and Morel disease, caused by Staphylococcus aureus) are endemic in Saudi Arabian sheep farms. The etiology and pathology of visceral abscess disease is poorly documented for Saudi Arabian sheep. This study was carried out to investigate the etiology and pathology of internal (visceral) abscesses of sheep...
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