A retrospective study of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of uropathogens in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria
December 2017
This study was designed to bring to the fore the prevalent causative agents of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Nigeria, using patients attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital (UATH) as a case study. Using microbiological/biochemical methods, prevalence of uropathogens amongst sexes, was compared between 2010 and 2015. Bacterial counts (105/ml) in the urine was used...
Sanitization protocols applied to commercial restaurants: Effects on natural contaminant microbiota and Salmonella enterica Enteritidis adhered on tomatoes
December 2017
Sanitization is considered as essential for the microbial control of vegetables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sanitization procedures used in commercial restaurants located in Vitória, Brazil. The efficacy of these sanitization procedures in reducing the presence of natural microbiota and Salmonella enterica Enteritidis cells on tomatoes were evaluated. All the restaurants in this study applied the...
Isolation of indigenous microorganisms from soil contaminated with metal scraps for the uptake of selected heavy metals in constituted growth media
December 2017
Indigenous bacteria and fungi were isolated from soil obtained from a metal scrap dumpsite in Ibadan, Nigeria. Soil sample analyses showed presence of calcium, iron, magnesium, zinc, manganese and copper. A selective isolation of microorganisms was done using heavy metal constituted growth media at concentration of 25 mg/L. Lactobacillus casei was isolated from cadmium and lead composed growth media, Corynebacterium...
Prevalence, risk factors and multidrug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, South Eastern Ethiopia
December 2017
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2012 - May 2013 to estimate the prevalence of multi drug resistance Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitis and to assess its associated risk factors in selected dairy farms in and around Asella town, Arsi Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 384 fresh raw milk samples from dairy cows were examined for mastitis. Milk samples collected from 251 mastitic lactating cows were...
Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella isolated from fresh beef processing and chilled fresh beef samples produced and marketed in the metropolitan region of Cuiabá, in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil
December 2017
Salmonella spp. in food products of animal origin can cause foodborne infections, and when antimicrobial-resistant strains are present, can evolve to severe disease. This study aims to determine the occurrence of Salmonella and identify the serotypes present in the beef production chain of the metropolitan region of Cuiabá, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil, and evaluate their antimicrobial resistance profile. The...
Mitigation of drought in rice by a phyllosphere bacterium Bacillus altitudinis FD48
December 2017
Phyllosphere bacteria plays important role in mitigating biotic and abiotic stress. This study aimed to use phyllosphere bacterium of rice to enhance drought tolerance. Bacterial isolates obtained from rice phyllosphere were investigated for their plant growth promoting activities and role in alleviation of drought stress in rice. The isolates were identified as Bacillus altitudinis FD48, Bacillus pumilus FS20 and...
Isolation and identification of methicillin-resistant Staphlococcus aureus from mastitic dairy cows in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia
November 2017
This study determines prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus from bovine mastitis in dairy cows from October 2012 to June 2013 in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia. In this cross-sectional study, 16 dairy farms were included and 384 lactating cows sampled. Clinical examination and California mastitis test (CMT) were performed to diagnose clinical and subclinical mastitis, respectively. Milk samples were obtained from the...
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates in a Senegalese teaching hospital: A cross sectional study
November 2017
Extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) have been increasingly reported worldwide. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of these multidrug-resistant strains in a major university teaching hospital in Dakar, Senegal. A total of 1205 Enterobacteriaceae stains were tested for ESBL and carbapenemase production. Antibiotics susceptibility test was...
A novel groel gene from the endosymbiont of beet leafhopper, Candidatus Sulcia muelleri
November 2017
Curtoviruses are transmitted by the beet leafhopper Circulifer tenellus, in a circulative (non-propagative) manner. Curtoviruses are phloem-limited and are acquired by the vector during feeding. Sap-feeding insects harbor endosymbionts which can help provide essential nutrients required for the insects’ survival. Candidatus Sulcia muelleri is an endosymbiont present in the beet leafhopper identified during this...
Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species from lactating cows in dairy farm of Bahir Dar Town, Ethiopia
November 2017
Salmonella is the most important disease causing bacteria in persons as well as in animals. Antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella can be transmitted from animals to humans through consumption of contaminated food and food products. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella species from lactating cows in dairy farms of Bahir Dar town. A cross-sectional study...
Pityriasis versicolor profiles among outpatients of the Dermatology Department of the Teaching Hospital of Yopougon Abidjan, Cote d’Ivoire
November 2017
This cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out to determine the socio-demographic, and clinical profiles of mycologically diagnosed pityriasis versicolor (PV) among outpatients of the Department of Dermatology, Teaching Hospital of Yopougon (Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire) between July, 2012 and February, 2013. Among 1578 patients screened for various consultations, 200 presented with lesions suggestive...
In vitro biocontrol and biofertilization features study of a Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (4RH) strain isolated from a hot spring soil in Algeria
November 2017
Several Bacillus strains were isolated from “Ouled Yelass” hot spring soil, located in Setif city (Eastern Algeria). Three isolates of them coded (4RH), (14 RH), and (Set-oxy), were screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of some phytopathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium oxysporium, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cucumerinium and Alternaria alternata. The molecular identification of...
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of bacterial isolates in children with otitis media in Zamfara, North-Western Nigeria
November 2017
Otitis media has been reported as a common childhood disease and is associated with multiple microbial pathogens within the middle ear. Though the causative agents of this infection have largely remained the same over the years, current literature reviews show that the antibiotic susceptibility pattern has changed considerably. This study aimed to identify bacterial isolates and determine their antibiotic susceptibility...
Isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with yolk sac infection (Omphalitis) in chicken from three hatcheries in Bishoftu, Ethiopia
November 2017
A study was conducted from November 2014 to June 2015 at three hatcheries designated as A, D and E in Bishoftu Town, Ethiopia, to isolate and identify bacteria associated with yolk sac infection and to determine antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the predominant isolates. A total of 385 Lohmann and Koekoek breed, 1 to 7 days old chicks suffering from yolk sac infection were examined from three different hatcheries...
Effect of rates and sources of soluble phosphorus on the behavior of cowpea plants inoculated with rhizobacteria from soils of the north region of Brazil
November 2017
Cowpea can obtain N through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) through symbiosis with rhizobacteria. However, nodulation and BNF are influenced by edaphoclimatic factors that may bring about benefits or damages to the process, and the availability of nutrients is among the main factors that affect BNF and phosphorus (P). Thus, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of doses and sources of soluble P on...
Microbial quality of retail raw meat in administrative towns of Gojjam area North-West Ethiopia with special reference of Gram positive cocci species
November 2017
This study was conducted to determine the bacteriological quality of retail raw meat. Twenty one raw meat samples were randomly collected from four administrative towns: Bure, Debre-Markos, Dejen and Fenoteselam meat-stalls of Gojjam area. Samples were collected and transported kept in cold sterile screw cap bottles with ice contained icebox. It was cultured on plate count agar and mannitol salt agar plates for...
Microbial production of textile grade pigments
November 2017
Biological pigments or biochromes are substances produced by living organisms and have a color resulting from selective color absorption. A total of 37 isolates of Actinomycetes and 2 bacteria were isolated from 26 different soil samples collected from different habitats of Kerala. The isolates were screened for pigment production. The effect of pigment production by the strains on various carbon and nitrogen...
Production of antimicrobial agents by Bacillus spp. isolated from Al-Khor coast soils, Qatar
November 2017
Bacilli are Gram-positive, sporulating bacteria that can be found in diverse habitats, but mostly in soil. Many recent studies showed the importance of their antimicrobial agents that mainly target other Gram-positive bacteria. This study was conducted to assess the antibacterial activity of Al-Khor coastal soil Bacillus strains against four bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermis, Escherichia...
Effect of surfactants on lignin modifying enzyme activity of Ganoderma species KX879638 and Lentinus species KY006984 under solid state fermentation
November 2017
Lignin modifying enzyme (LME) activity [laccase, lignin peroxidase (LiP) and manganese peroxidase (MnP)] was studied in two indigenously isolated white rot fungi, Ganoderma species KX879638 and Lentinus species KY006984 under solid state fermentation (SSF) of wheat bran and saw dust supplemented with various non-ionic polysorbate surfactants (Tweens) and Triton X-100. Both fungal species proved to be highly ligninolytic...
Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon by Micrococcus sp. in form of wax ball
November 2017
Hydrocarbon containing compounds like diesel, crude oil and petrol cause environmental pollution. Hydrocarbon contaminated sites contain large amount of microbial community adapted for utilizing these compound as a source of carbon and other metabolic activities. A study was conducted in order to isolate the micro-organism from hydrocarbon contaminated sites for petroleum degradation. The soil sample was collected from...
Milk ring, rose bengal tests and conventional PCR based detection of Brucella abortus infected dairy cattle in Bangladesh
October 2017
The objective of this study was to detect dairy cattle infected with Brucella abortus from Jamalpur, Rangpur districts and Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF), Savar, Dhaka in Bangladesh. Both milk and serum samples of 510 dairy cattle were initially screened by milk ring test (MRT) and Rose Bengal Test (RBT). Twelve samples positive in both MRT and RBT were further confirmed by conventional polymerase chain...
Diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella strains isolated from different sources in Burkina Faso
October 2017
Epidemiologic and traceback evidence of Salmonella infection is not much in many developing countries including Burkina Faso. This study investigates the antimicrobial resistance and distribution of Salmonella serotypes isolated from diverse sources in Burkina Faso. 615 Salmonella serotypes isolated from beef meat, poultry carcasses, poultry, swine, cattle, hedgehog, fish, salad, channel and humans from 2009 to 2011...
Comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial profile of Moringa leaf and seed oil extracts against resistant strains of wound pathogens in orthopedic hospitals
October 2017
The antimicrobial profile of oil extracts from Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds on orthopaedic wound pathogens was tested and compared with the antimicrobial activity of some antibiotics. The pathogens were characterized using biochemical and morphological tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on the pathogens using paper discs diffusion method. Plasmid curing was done on the isolates that showed resistance...
Study of kefir biofilm associated with hydroethanolic extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açai)
October 2017
Kefir is a microbial complex capable of producing biofilms. This study aims to obtain biofilms associated with hydroethanolic extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (BEHEEo) as fixing method of recovery anthocyanins in kefir biofilm. Thus, BEHEEo formation kinetics was made at different concentrations of aqueous extract of E. oleracea, of kefir grains (KG) and of brown sugar (BS). Thereafter, macro and microelements of...
Bacterial and fungal etiologies of meningeal irritation syndrome in an emergency department
October 2017
Meningeal irritation syndrome denotes to a range symptoms that require emergency management. Clinically, it is an expression of an irritation of the meninges combining with headache, fever, neck stiffness, altered consciousness and vomiting. The aim of this prospective study was to contribute to the management of medical emergencies. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples recovered from patients presenting signs of meningeal...
Endophytic bacteria isolated from ipê mirim (Tecoma stans Bignoniaceae) and its application for plant growth promotion
October 2017
Endophytes are usually protected from soil environment competitiveness and stress. However, the presence of heavy metals can negatively affect the structure and diversity of endophyte communities. The aim of the present study was evaluate the diversity of endophytic bacteria from ipê mirim (Tecoma stans Bignoniaceae) grown in an area of Atlantic rainforest contaminated with metals and evaluate the ability of these...
Effect of EDTA on biofilm formation and antibiotic susceptibility of multidrug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli clinical isolates in Egypt
October 2017
Urinary tract infections are mainly caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Biofilm-producer UPEC tends to have a high level of resistance to antibiotics and this leads to recurrent episodes of urinary tract infections. The study tested the effect of a non-antibiotic adjuvant, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics and biofilm formation by multidrug resistant (MDR)...
Cholesterol reduction in vitro by novel probiotic lactic acid bacterial strains of Enterococcus isolated from healthy infants’ stool
October 2017
The present study aimed to isolate and evaluate the potentiality of some probiotic lactic acid bacteria from infants stool to degrade and reduce cholesterol level in fermentation medium. Out of 50 lactic acid bacterial isolates recovered from healthy infants (3 to 18 months old) stool, two bacterial isolates W7 and Y1 showed highest cholesterol reduction percentage (68.38 and 71.6%, respectively). The cholesterol...
Screening of rural scavenging birds for the presence of detectible protective Newcastle disease antibodies in some selected rural communities of Plateau State
October 2017
A sero-prevalence study was conducted to determine the level of detectible protective antibody titre using the haemagglutination (HA) and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests. Serum samples were collected from four hundred and eighty seven unvaccinated rural scavenging chickens from five selected rural communities, including Du, Chaha, Chakarum, Chele and Ngo’hong in Jos South Local Government Area of Plateau...
Morphophysiological and molecular characterization of wild yeast isolates from industrial ethanol process
October 2017
Wild yeasts are commonly found during the fermentation process, displaying different survival and competition strategies that commonly enable their successful spread in the medium. Identifying these yeasts by biological and molecular monitoring, and knowing their traits is vital for the fermentation yield, and this can be done by simple methods such as differential mediaplating, growth rate evaluation and DNA...
Distribution of Aspergillus and Fusarium ear rot causative fungi in soils under push-pull and maize monocropping system in Western Kenya
October 2017
It is imperative to establish the distribution and density of soil fungal communities as a requisite for formulating strategies for management of ear rot infections and mycotoxin contamination. In a two seasons study, short (SR) and long rainy (LR) seasons, we investigated the distribution of Aspergillus and Fusarium fungi causing ear rots and producing mycotoxins from 120 soil samples collected from maize fields under...
Effect of phosphorus fertilization on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the Bambara groundnut rhizosphere
October 2017
Tropical soils are highly leached, abundantly clayey and strongly acid, resulting in low mineral availability and especially phosphorus (P). The plants of this region must establish symbiotic relationships enabling them to strengthen their hydromineral nutrition. The aim of this work was to study the effect of P fertilizer application on the diversity of arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) under the rhizosphere of three...
Urinary tract infection among children and adolescents of Garhwal Region of Uttarakhand, India
September 2017
Urinary tract comprises of kidney, ureter, urethra and genital organ and under normal circumstances these organs are sterile. Inflammation of these organ and parts may indicate the possibility of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI). It may be due to the colonization of wide range of bacteria either from normal microflora that is Escherichia coli or from other Gram negative or Gram positive bacteria. The present study was...
Detection and genotyping of rhinovirus from exacerbated asthmatic patients in Baghdad, Iraq
September 2017
Asthma is a chronic disease with multiple environmental and genetic causes. Determining the role of rhinovirus in asthma incidence and exacerbation could improve the controlling measures for this disease. This study aims to detect and genotype human rhinovirus (HRV) in asthmatic patients in Iraqi population. A total of 45 patients with asthma participated in this study. Viral RNA was extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs...
Value of matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in clinical microbiology and infectious diseases in Africa and tropical areas
September 2017
Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a revolutionary technique with multiple applications. Its use in clinical microbiology is now becoming widespread as the method is an easy, rapid, effective, accurate, and cheap way to identify cultured bacteria and fungi. It is, therefore, an ideal tool to replace conventional methods still used in Africa and...
Isolation of bacteria from mobile phones before and after decontamination: Study carried out at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
September 2017
Different fomites which are in regular contact with humans can play an important role in the transmission of microorganisms. Mobile phones have become indispensable in all walks of life; nevertheless their potential role in transmission of infections is of great interest. A cross-sectional study was done (April to June, 2015) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Faculty of Medicine (female campus), in order to detect...
Challenges in diagnosis of central nervous system infections using conventional method: Need for better approach in Rwanda
September 2017
Central nervous system (CNS) infection is a common and serious disease that needs rapid and appropriate diagnosis for an appropriate treatment. However, in most recourse limited setting including Rwanda, conventional microbiological method is the only way to establish a confirmed infectious etiology. This was a 4 years retrospective review of registers and electronic laboratory records aimed to determine the causative...
Susceptibility to fungal infection: A comparison between Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens
September 2017
Experiment was carried out to compare the susceptibility of Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens on sale to fungal infection at Sharada and Rimi markets in Kano metropolitan area. A total of four fungal species were isolated from samples of C. annuum and C. frutescens collected from the two markets. Out of the colonies isolated, the most abundant colony was A. niger (84, 39.25%). This was followed by R. stolonifer...
Halo-thermophilic bacteria and heterocyst cyanobacteria found adjacent to halophytes at Sabkhas, Qatar: Preliminary study and possible roles
September 2017
This study was conducted to investigate the halo-thermophilic bacteria and cyanobacteria adjacent to the halophytic plants, Suaeda virmiculata, Limonium axillare and Tetraena qatarense, and the microbial functionalities in Sabkhas of Qatar. These soils are alkaline and highly saline, and their moisture contents varied throughout the year. A significant presence of thermo-halophilic bacteria was found when selective...
Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae as an emerging pathogen from patients with respiratory diseases
September 2017
Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae is a mischaracterized species of Streptococci that is usually overlooked during examination of sputum samples of patients with chest infections. The association of this organism with lower respiratory tract diseases is still unclear and its isolation and description is underestimated in our locality. To our knowledge, there are no published studies on the isolation of S. pseudopneumoniae...
Susceptibility of locally cultivated groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) varieties to aflatoxin accumulation in Homa Bay County, Kenya
September 2017
Groundnut is one of the staple foods in many parts of the world. Due to its high nutrient content, the nuts are liable to colonization by aflatoxigenic fungi and subsequent aflatoxin accumulation. This study was aimed at determining susceptibility of locally grown groundnut varieties to Aspergillus flavus in Homa Bay County, Western Kenya. A pretested questionnaire was used to survey agronomic practices on groundnut...
Antioxidant modulation in response to selenium induced oxidative stress in unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
September 2017
A unicellular cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 was exposed to various concentrations of SeO42–. A growth supportive effect was seen at 50 µM concentration of SeO42− whereas 50% growth retardation was observed at 200 µM of SeO42−. Selenium (Se) stress at 200 µM SeO42− induced the formation of reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radical (O2•–),...
Salmonella Heidelberg reduces nitrergic neurons in the myenteric plexus of the duodenum of broilers
September 2017
The present study aimed to characterize the effects of Salmonella Heidelberg challenge, as well as its changes in the inhibitory neuron subpopulation in the myenteric plexus of broilers. At the age of 21 days, after euthanasia of birds, duodenum fragments were collected from 5 male chicken broilers Cobb 500 linage from the challenged group and the control group for the quantification from the subpopulation of myenteric...
Isolation and characterization of extremely halotolerant Bacillus species from Dead Sea black mud and determination of their antimicrobial and hydrolytic activities
August 2017
This is the first study that investigated the isolation of extremely halotolerant Bacillus species from Dead Sea black mud. Nine isolates obtained from black mud were considered to be extremely halotolerant Bacillus based on morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties. Most of their colonies were white to light yellow and circular to irregular. All isolates were Gram-positive rod-shaped endospore-forming...
Sero-prevalence of camel brucellosis (Camelus dromedarius) and phenotypic characteristics of Brucella melitensis biovar 3 in Shalateen City, Red Sea Governorate, Egypt
August 2017
The objective of this study was to estimate the sero-prevalence of brucellosis in camels in Shalateen city, Red sea Governorate. A total of 801 Sera were collected from apparently healthy dromedary camels from 2014 to 2015 spring. Sera were consequently serologically tested and confirmed using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT), buffer acidified plate antigen test (BAPAT) and complement fixation test (CFT). 103 (12.90%), 93...
Effect of crude toxins of Ustilaginoidea virens on rice seed germination
August 2017
The plant pathogen Ustilaginoidea virens is known to generate secondary metabolite ustiloxins, which are poisonous to humans and domestic animals and to affect plant cells during the growth process. In this study, rice false smut was collected from different locations in Sichuan province and the strains isolated. The crude toxins of U. virens were extracted from the liquid culture medium of isolated strains to determine...
Lipolytic activity of fungi isolated from Jatropha curcas L. (physic nut) fruit rot
August 2017
Isolation, identification and screening of lipid-degrading fungal organisms causing rot of unripe, ripe and dry fruits of Jatropha curcas L. were carried out, and determination of the fungus showing highest lipolytic activity on the substrate analysed from three different locations within Edo State, Nigeria was done using standard methods. Five fungal isolates (Curvularia geniculata, Lasiodiplodia theobromae,...
Interaction between bacterial biocontrol-agents and strains of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli effects on biocontrol efficacy of common blight in beans
August 2017
The bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) treatments were used for seed microbiolization; the bacterial biocontrol agents (BCAs) used selected from previous study on the control of Xanthomonas-axonopodis pv. phaseoli Xap) includes: Bacillus (DFs093, DFs348 and DFs769), Pseudomonas (DFs513, DFs831 and DFs842), Rhodococcus (DFs843 and DFs912), and the combinations C01 (DFs093+DFs769+DFs831), C02 (DFs093+DFs769+DFs842) and...
Variables associated to anti-HIV, anti-rubella antibodies, syphilis reagins and enteroparasitosis in pregnant women
August 2017
The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of anti-HIV, anti-rubella antibodies, syphilis reagins and enteroparasitosis in pregnant women during their pre-natal monitoring at the Basic Health Units in the city of Umuarama (PR) and checking possible social-economic and behavioral associations. A cross-section study was performed in 690 pregnant women who went to have pre-natal checkup in the period from June...
Shelf life extension study of ogi and fufu using bacteriocin isolated from Lactobacillus acidophilus of fermented dairy products
August 2017
Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides produced majorly by lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which act against food spoilage and pathogenic bacteria, thereby, extending the shelf life of food products. Bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus acidophilus (isolated from yoghurt and nono) was extracted and incorporated in samples of ogi and fufu to evaluate its bio-preservative potential. Microbiological analysis was done at the...
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