African Journal of
Microbiology Research

  • Abbreviation: Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.
  • Language: English
  • ISSN: 1996-0808
  • DOI: 10.5897/AJMR
  • Start Year: 2007
  • Published Articles: 5211

AJMR Articles

Antimicrobial resistance pattern of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from clinical samples in a tertiary care hospital at Madinah, Saudi Arabia

August 2018

Multidrug resistance, in rapidly spreading bacterial species, is a matter of concern in health care units. Samples (6840) collected from a Saudi hospital in Madinah, were screened for Acinetobacter spp. and studied for frequency, gender distribution, and seasonal variations besides antimicrobial resistance pattern. Acinetobacter strains represented 5.5% of the clinical isolates from different sources. Of these, 63% were...

Author(s): Samah Ghanem, Hatem M. El Shafey, and Nikhat Manzoor,  

Internal transcribed spacers (ITS) based identification of Trichoderma isolates and biocontrol activity against Macrophomina phaseolina, Aspergillus niger and Meloidogyne incognita

August 2018

Ten Trichoderma isolates were isolated from different locations in Egypt. Amplification and sequencing of internal transcribed spacers (ITS) was employed to identify Trichoderma isolates that exhibited from 99 to 100% identity with three species of Trichoderma: Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The biocontrol activity of Trichoderma isolates against Macrophomina phaseolina,...

Author(s): Khalid S. Abdel-lateif, and Ramadan A. Bakr  

Isolation of a Lactobacillus strain from aguamiel and preliminary characterization of its antimicrobial components

August 2018

The aim of the study was to characterize the antimicrobial components of Lactobacillus paracasei KSI.  In the study, a L. paracasei KSI strain was isolated and identified from aguamiel using a 16S rRNA, hsp, recA and rpoBgenes sequencing. The antimicrobial capacity of the L. paracasei strain KSI was determined by agar double layer diffusion technique, while the antagonistic activity of the cell-free extract (E-KSI)...

Author(s): Benítez-Serrano Juan Carlos, Martínez-Pérez Laura, Rosas-Murrieta Nora Hilda, Brambila-Colombres Eduardo Miguel, Hernández-Castro Rigoberto, Rosales-Pérez Mónica and Aguilar-Alonso Patricia  

Identification of endophytic fungi from roots of two Dendrobium species and evaluation of their antibacterial property

August 2018

Among all orchids, Dendrobium sp. is considered to have high medicinal value. Dendrobium moniliforme and Dendrobium transparens have immense pharmaceutical, commercial potentiality. However, their fungal endophytes remain unexplored. Isolation and identification of thirteen species of endophytic fungi from the root of D. moniliforme as well as five species from the roots of D. transparens were done. The two endophytic...

Author(s): Roshani Shrestha, Sujit Shah and Bijaya Pant

Quality of water for human consumption in a rural area community from Brazil

August 2018

This work aimed at evaluating the bacteriological, parasitological, physical and chemical quality of water intended for human consumption in a community in a rural area of Recôncavo of Bahia (Brazil) and the factors related to a possible contamination. Samples were collected at two different times: at rainy season (August to September, 2015) and dry season (April 2016). The present work evaluated the presence of...

Author(s): Felipe Silva de Miranda, Juciene de Jesus Barreto da Silva, Luiz Henrique Silva Mota, Raíssa da Silva Santos, Ana Lúcia Moreno Amor and Isabella de Matos Mendes da Silva

Using light emitting diodes at 450 nm for in vitro treatment of water intended for human consumption

August 2018

This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effect of exposing raw water intended for human consumption to light (λ= 450 nm) and to investigate the correlation between the results obtained and physical and chemical parameters. Fifteen (15) samples of raw water were collected from households in a rural area of ​​Santo Antônio de Jesus – Bahia (Brazil), from November to December 2016. A...

Author(s): Felipe Silva de Miranda, Juciene de Jesus Barreto da Silva, Ana Lúcia Moreno Amor and Isabella de Matos Mendes da Silva  

Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Enterobacteriaceae recovered from wastewater, sludge and dumpsite environments in Kakamega town, Kenya

July 2018

Enteric bacterial resistance to antibiotics and the emergence of resistant pathogens in the environment is a global threat to public health. In Kenya, sewage treatment plants are not designed to eliminate enteric microbes, whereas domestic, medical and other hazardous wastes are all discarded in common solid-waste dump sites. Arising from these practices, waste treatment sites in developing countries may be important...

Author(s): Clarice Malaho, Sifuna Anthony Wawire, and William A. Shivoga,  

Biofertilising, plant-stimulating and biocontrol potentials of maize plant growth promoting rhizobacteria isolated in central and northern Benin

July 2018

Plants constantly interact with a multitude of microorganisms that they select among other things through their roots. Some bacteria, known as plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), are able to stimulate growth and control plant diseases, thanks to the expression of a wide range of beneficial properties to the plant. The aim of this work was to search for biofertilizing, plant-stimulating and biocontrol potentials...

Author(s): Nadège Adoukè Agbodjato, Olaréwadjou Amogou, Pacôme Agossou Noumavo, Gustave Dagbénonbakin, Hafiz Adio Salami,  Rachidath Karimou, Abdel-Madjid Alladé, Oyedele Adedayo, Farid Baba-Moussa, Adolphe Adjanohoun  and Lamine Saïd Baba-Moussa  

Study on prevalence and genetic discrimination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Egyptian hospitals

July 2018

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) continues to be a global problem in infection control. The highest proportions of MRSA are reported by Jordan, Egypt and Cyprus investigators, where more than 50% of the invasive isolates are methicillin-resistant. The aim of this work was to study the prevalence, antibiotic sensitivity and genetic discrimination of MRSA in Egypt. Microbiological identification was done...

Author(s): Rana Elshimy, Rania Abdelmonem Khattab, Hamdallah Zedan, Alaa El-Din Shawky Hosny and Tarek H. Elmorsy  

Paediatric tuberculosis in a low burden setting of Saudi Arabia: Drug and multidrug resistance patterns

July 2018

In this study, the infection of young children with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug-resistant M. tuberculosis in a mass gathering area in Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, was investigated and discussed. All the children, 15 years old and younger, who were referred to the central tuberculosis laboratory in Al-Madinah between January 2012 and December 2014 were included in this study. Among a total of 622 registered new...

Author(s): Mogahid M. Elhassan, Miskelyemen A. Elmekki, Hani A. Ozbak, Hassan A. Hemeg, Khalid A. Turkistani, Shamsoon K. Kafi and Ahmed A. Abdul-Aziz

Identification and molecular phylogeny analysis using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 16SrRNA sequencing of N2 fixing tea field soil bacteria from North Bengal tea gardens

July 2018

Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) amplification genomic DNA of 23 selected laboratory cultures of bacteria using RAPD revealed their polymorphism. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the bacterial 16SrDNA was performed using 704F GTAGCGGTGAAATGCGTAGA and 907R CCGTCAATTCCTTTGAGTTT primer, sequenced and accessed in NCBI (No. KY636356, KY631488, KY 860028, KX587470, KX665547, KY631489, KX608591,...

Author(s): Jayanta Bhaduri, Pritam Kundu and Subhash Kanti Roy  

Microbiological quality of fruit juices sold in cafes and restaurants of Shewarobit town, Amhara, Ethiopia

July 2018

Fresh and unpasteurized fruit juice is common in restaurants, cafeteria, hotels and juice house of Ethiopian cities. Most fruit juices contain sufficient nutrients that could support microbial growth. The current investigation was carried out to investigate the microbiological quality and processing conditions of fruit juice vended in Shewarobit town. Purposive sampling technique was employed to collect sixteen fruit...

Author(s): Bulti Kumera Fufa and Melkam Dessalegn Liben  

Fungal endophytes isolated from the leaves of a medicinal plant, Ocimum sanctum Linn and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities

July 2018

The endophytic fungi isolated from leaves of Ocimum sanctum Linn. of different ages were examined for antimicrobial activity. The agar plug diffusion assay was used for primary screening. A total of 148 fungal endophytes were successfully isolated and cultured but only 134 of them (90.5%) exhibited inhibitory activity towards at least one test microorganisms. Moreover, the colonization rate indicated that the old leaves...

Author(s): Taufiq M. M. J. and Darah I.  

Isolation of bacterial diversity present in medical waste and health care settings in hospitals in Kenya

July 2018

Nosocomial infections have impacted great burden in healthcare system and has led to deteriorating health condition and deaths. This study characterizes medically important bacterial diversity, isolated from staff hands, hospital surfaces and wastes in healthcare settings in Kenya during a one year period. Descriptive cross sectional hospital based study design and simple random sampling method was used to collect 246...

Author(s): Susan Muthoni Maina, Andrew K. Nyerere and Caroline Wangari Ngugi  

Differential niche occupation and the biotechnological potential of Methylobacterium species associated with sugarcane plants

July 2018

This work highlighted a putative link between the physiological activity and genetic diversity of Methylobacterium species and the association with sugarcane roots and rhizoplane. In total, 40 isolates previously described as pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophic bacteria (PPFMs), were evaluated for their ability to fix nitrogen and solubilize inorganic phosphate, amylase and pectinase activity. This in vitro...

Author(s): Pedro Avelino Maia de Andrade, Armando Cavalcante Franco Dias, Simone Raposo Cotta, Diogo Paes da Costa, João Tiago Correia Oliveira, Lucianne Ferreira Paes de Oliveira, Fernando José Freire, Fernando Dini Andreote and Julia Kuklinsky-Sobral

Microbiological quality and safety of milk production and marketing in Hawassa district, Ethiopia

July 2018

The microbiological quality and safety of milk samples from different sources in Hawassa distinct from southern nations, nationalities and people regional state was evaluated.  A total of 63 raw milk samples were obtained from three selected dairy farms, urban and rural households. Twenty-seven pasteurized milk samples were obtained from three retail brands from various supermarkets in Hawassa city. Each milk...

Author(s): Habtamu Korma, Ajebu Nurfeta and Edessa Negera

Determination of aflatoxin M1 in bovine milk from the Alagoas/Brazil State dairy belt by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)

July 2018

Milk is considered a nutritionally noble food and is therefore suitable for feeding children and adults. However, contamination of milk by mycotoxins may pose a health risk to the consumer. Aflatoxins, mycotoxins produced by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, can be found in several food products, including milk and its derivatives, which reinforces the importance of this type of study on the occurrence of the aflatoxin M1...

Author(s): Angela Matilde da Silva Alves, Pabllo Henrique de Souza Lima, Mario Alberto Santos da Costa, Cristian Bernardo da Silva, Jonas dos Santos Sousa, Danielle dos Santos Tavares Pereira, Phabyanno Rodrigues Lima and Johnnatan Duarte de Freitas

Phylogenetic diversity of prokaryotes on the snow-cover of Lewis glacier in Mount Kenya

June 2018

The seasonal snowpack of the temperate glaciers are sources of diverse microbial inoculi. However, the microbial ecology of the tropical glacial surfaces is endangered, hence poses an extinction threat to some populations of some microbes due to rapid loss of the glacier mass. The aim of this study was to isolate and phylogenetically characterise the prokaryotes from the seasonal snow of Lewis glacier in Mt. Kenya. Snow...

Author(s): Josiah O. Kuja, Huxley M. Makonde, Hamadi I. Boga, Anne T. W. Muigai and Jun Uetake  

Bacteriological quality of drinking water obtained from main sources, reservoirs and consumers’ tap in Arba Minch town, Southern Ethiopia

June 2018

The most common and wide spread health risk associated with drinking water is microbial contamination. The aim of this study is to assess microbial contamination of drinking water, starting from source to distribution systems. Water samples from the Arba Minch town of Southern Ethiopia were collected randomly from the main source before chlorination, reservoir after chlorination and from different points of distribution...

Author(s): Gemechu Ameya, Olifan Zewdie, Abdulhakim Mussema, Adugna Amante and Birhanie Asmera  

Isolation and characterization of thermophilic bacteria from different habitats and their assessment for antagonism against soil-borne fungal plant pathogens

June 2018

Three different biomaterials viz., boiled cow milk, compost manure and tomato rhizospheric soil were found as habitats of the thermophilic antagonistic bacteria. The isolated bacteria were able to grow satisfactorily at thermophilic temperature range (>55ï‚°C). Based on morphological, biochemical and physiological characters, the bacterial isolates were identified as Bacillus licheniformis (boiled cow milk), and...

Author(s): Rajashree R. Pawar and S. G. Borkar  

Detection of alpha toxin and enterotoxins of Clostridium perfringens isolated from minced meat by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

June 2018

Clostridium perfringens is one of the most widespread pathogen producing toxins related to variable pathogenic conditions, particularly food poisoning in humans. Thus, this study described the prevalence, enumeration, toxigenic types and antibiotic susceptibility of C. perfringens strains isolated from minced meat in Egypt as well as the validation of a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for...

Author(s): Gamal A. Younis, Mona M. Radwan, Rasha M. Elkenany and Marwa H. Elderieny

Response of microbial communities to oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico: A review

June 2018

Crude oil has become a part of the marine ecosystem through natural seeps and oil spills. Microbial communities have adopted various response mechanisms to adjust to oil spills that contaminate the marine environment and help restore the ecosystem to its original state. These response mechanisms ranges from change in indigenous microbial community composition, change in microbial diversity to gene diversity and...

Author(s): Linda Adzigbli, Hernado P. Bacosa, and Yuewen Deng,

Foods, fish and salmonellosis

June 2018

Foodborne diseases are those caused by the consumption of water and food contaminated by different causal agents such as: viruses, bacteria, parasites, toxins, among others, being considered an important public health problem global due to its incidence and mortality and for several years for the isolation of microorganisms that cause these diseases resistant to antimicrobials. Salmonella species is considered a food...

Author(s): Alejandro De Jesús Cortés-Sánchez and Luis Daniel Espinosa-Chaurand  

Thermotolerant bacteria of biotechnological potential from hot springs in Eritrea

June 2018

Thermophiles are excellent sources of enzymes that can withstand and carry out reactions efficiently under high temperatures. This study isolated and characterised thermotolerant bacteria that produce enzymes of potential industrial value from five hot springs in Eritrea. A total of 65 bacterial isolates were obtained from the five hot springs. Out of the 65 isolates; 19 isolates produced a positive reaction for...

Author(s): Amanuel Menghs Ghilamicael, Nancy L. M. Budambula, Sylvester Elkana Anami, Tadesse Mehari and Hamadi Iddi Boga

Assessment of microbiota in root canals with pulp necrosis by means of Gram test

June 2018

The aim of this study was to evaluate the type of microbiota present in root canals with pulp necrosis, with and without periapical lesion. Nineteen patients were selected for the study and 30 root canals were analysed in unirradicular and/or multi-radicular permanent teeth, asymptomatic, with pulp necrosis, with or without periapical lesion, and no communication between root canal and oral cavity. Absorbent paper cones...

Author(s): Amaro de Mendonça Cavalcante, Natalia Maria Luccas Tenório Soares, Isabel Cristina Secandes Santos, Eulália Camelo Pessoa de Azevedo Ximenes, Marcos Aurélio Bomfim da  Silva and Karlos Antonio Lisboa Ribeiro Junior

Prevalence, cytotoxicity and antibiotic susceptibility of Campylobacter species recovered from retail chicken meat in Mansoura, Egypt

June 2018

This study was performed to determine the prevalence of Campylobacter species in retail chicken meat and chicken by-product, determine their in vitro cytotoxicity, as well as, examine their susceptibility to different antimicrobials. A total of 300 raw chicken meat samples were collected from different retail chicken meat outlets located at Mansoura city, Egypt classified into 120 thighs, 120 breasts, and 60 livers. All...

Author(s): A. A. Hafez, G. Younis, M. M. El-Shorbagy and A. Awad

Exploration of sulfate reducing bacteria from polluted waters

June 2018

Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was successfully isolated from Estuary Dam in Suwung Denpasar, Indonesia. This estuary catches highly polluted water from Badung River which runs across and hence carries pollution due to waste disposal from Denpasar City. SRB was studied in detail for their ability to reduce sulfate to sulfide with organic material as an oxidizing agent. SRB exploration of the estuary ecosystem of the...

Author(s): Budiarsa Suyasa W., Iryanti E. Suprihatin, Dwi Adi Suastuti G. A. and Sri Kunti Pancadewi G. A.  

Exploratory study of hepatitis D virus infection in HBsAg carriers in Abidjan, Côte D’ivoire in 2016

June 2018

In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of co-infection with hepatitis D (HDV) and hepatitis B viruses (HBV) is poorly known. Chronic infection with HBV is currently treated by nucleoside analogs whereas interferon is used to inhibit HDV. Nevertheless, Hepatitis Delta is not routinely diagnosed in Côte d’Ivoire. This study aims to estimate the current prevalence of Hepatitis D infection among HBV-infected...

Author(s): Sévédé Daouda, Doumbia Moussa, Kouakou Viviane, Djehiffe Vicky, Kouassi M’Bengue, and Mireille Dosso,  

Seroprevalence of canine leptospirosis, in Urban and Periurban, Morogoro, Tanzania

June 2018

A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Morogoro region, Tanzania, to determine the seroprevalence of canine Leptospira exposure. A total of 232 sera were collected from apparently healthy dogs in Mvomero, Morogoro Urban and Morogoro Rural districts. The microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was performed following standard procedure using panel of six Leptospira serovars. Within the districts, positive reactions...

Author(s): K. Said. G. G. Bakari, R. Machang’u, A. S. Katakweba and A. P. Muhairwa  

Isolation and identification of Escherichia coli and Edwardsiella tarda from fish harvested for human consumption from Zeway Lake, Ethiopia

May 2018

A cross sectional study was conducted from November to June 2014/2015 in fish harvested for human consumption at Lake Zeway with the objective of isolating Edwardsiella tarda and Escherichia coli important pathogens and contaminants its products. Three hundred tissue samples comprising Spleen, Liver and Intestine were collected from 100 fish (12 Clarias gariepenus and 88 Oreochromis niloticus) originated from lake...

Author(s): Adanech Beshada Haile and Temesgen Kassa Getahun

In-vitro antibiotic susceptibility profile of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi isolated from fecal specimens of humans in Umuahia metropolis, Abia State, Nigeria

May 2018

Typhoid is routinely diagnosed in Nigeria on clinical grounds or based on Widal serological test result. This approach does not provide information on the antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterium; Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi. This study was done to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Salmonella isolates in Umuahia. In this study, seventy-two (72) Salmonella isolates obtained from 135 fecal...

Author(s): Emmanuel O. Ekundayo, and Emmanuel Enya

Antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Albizia masikororum R.Vig., a Fabaceae from Madagascar

May 2018

This study is aimed at the assessment of antimicrobial potential of Albizia masikororum, a Malagasy Fabaceae. Hexanic and methanolic extracts from fruit pods, stem bark, leaves and seeds were tested by disc diffusion and microdilution methods on 10 pathogenic microorganisms including four Gram positive bacteria, five Gram negative bacteria and one yeast. Only the leaf and seed methanolic extracts, LME and SME...

Author(s): Anjarasoa Ravo Razafindrakoto, Lovarintsoa Judicael Randriamampianina, Eliane Razafintsalama Vahinalahaja, Hanitra Ranjana Randrianarivo, Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto and Victor Louis Jeannoda

Emphasis on functional properties of cocoa-specific acidifying lactic acid bacteria for cocoa beans fermentation improvement

May 2018

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from six main Ivorian cocoa producer regions were investigated based on their biochemical properties in order to select the best one as potential starter. Three main technological and useful properties for good cocoa beans fermentation were monitored among the 568 isolated LAB strains. Thus, between the 408 cocoa-specific acidifying LAB strains identified, 05.88% (24 isolates)...

Author(s): Evelyne Cho Adiko,  Ginette Gladys DouéÙ­, Lessoy Thierry Zoué and Sébastien Lamine Niamké

Molecular characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from a ready-to-eat fermented milk and cereal product, Fura-de-Nunu

May 2018

This study was conducted to determine the occurrence of Listeria (L.) monocytogenes in Fura-de-Nunu, a ready-to-eat (RTE) fermented milk (Nunu) and cereal (Fura) blend, the serogroups as well as the virulence of the isolates. A total of 75 Fura and 75 Nunu samples were examined. Listeria species were isolated on PALCAM medium and Listeria chromogenic agar, and identified phenotypically according to International...

Author(s): EZEONU Ifeoma M., ONONUGBO Chukwuebuka M. and IKE Anthony C.  

Effect of processing methods on the chemical composition and microbiological quality of vegetable drink extract of african bush mango (Irvingia gabonensis)

May 2018

The effect of processing methods on the chemical composition, proximate, mineral, vitamin and microbiological quality of vegetable drink extract of Irvingia gabonensis was studied. The processing methods included drying (shade and solar drying), blanching (at 0, 2, 4 and 6 min) as well as blanching and drying of the leaves. Aqueous extracts were obtained from the leaves and the analysis carried out using standard...

Author(s): Mbaeyi-Nwaoha I. E. and Akobueze E. U.

Antibacterial activity of selected Dendrobium species against clinically isolated multiple drug resistant bacteria

May 2018

Dendrobium species are widely used in traditional medicine as remedies for tonic to nourish the stomach, promote the production of body fluids and decrease fever. In this study, the antibacterial activities of four traditionally used Dendrobium species were tested against clinically isolated multiple drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of Dendrobium amoenum,...

Author(s): Mukti Ram Paudel, Neeta Rajbanshi, Anil Kumar Sah, Sameer Acharya and Bijaya Pant

Bactericidal and brine shrimps toxicity of essential oils from Aframomum Melegueta [K. Schum]

May 2018

Aframomum melegueta (Roscoe) K. Schum, family of Zingiberaceae, is a tropical tree with spicy edible fruit. This plant has both medicinal and nutritive values. There is paucity of literature on the toxicity and bioactivity of the essential oils from this plant from Nigeria. Essential oils were extracted from the leaves, stems, roots (rhizomes) and seeds of the plant through hydro-distillation using the Clevenger-type...

Author(s): Owokotomo I. A.

OXA-48 type carbapenemase in Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum B-lactamases (ESBL) in Senegal

May 2018

Enterobactericeae producing extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBL) are likely to express carbapenemases OXA-48 which have hydrolytic activity on carbapenems. The aim of this work was to evaluate prevalence of blaOXA-48 for Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing ESBL. This work was conducted at the French Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance with strains from Senegalese Hospital. Standard antibiogram was performed...

Author(s): Lo Seynabou, Robin Frédéric, Beyrouthy Racha, Ba-Diallo Awa, Niang Aïssatou Ahmet, Diagne Rokhaya, Diop Amadou, Camara Makhtar, Ka Roughyatou, Gaye-Diallo Aïssatou, Sow Ahmad Iyane and Bonnet Richard

Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants

May 2018

Infectious diseases remain a global health burden due to development of antibiotic resistance by pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotic resistance has led to increased number of deaths among children and adults. This study sought to isolate and identify fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants and screen them and their extracts for bioactivity against selected test human pathogens. Fifty-five fungal...

Author(s): Velma Wekesa Nasimiyu, Isabel Nyokabi Wagara, Meshack Amos Obonyo and Josphat Clement Matasyoh

Effectiveness of exopolysaccharides and biofilm forming plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on salinity tolerance of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

May 2018

This study aimed to investigate the production of biofilm and exopolysaccharides by plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) under different salt concentrations. In this study, the activity of biofilm formation and exopolysaccharides production by 20 strains of PGPR which previously isolated and identified from root samples of different crops were determined under different salt concentrations. Out of 20 strains,...

Author(s): Alaa Fathalla Mohammed

Metagenomic analysis of enteric bacterial pathogens affecting the performance of dairy cows in smallholder productions systems

May 2018

There is little information about the diversity of bacterial pathogens present in the rumen and feces of healthy cow and the subsequent effects on the performance of the host animal. The objectives of the present study were to genetically characterize the enteric bacterial pathogens found in the rumen fluid and cow feces and to identify the resistant genes responsible for antimicrobial resistance in the detected...

Author(s): Vincent Habimana, Rawlynce Cheruiyot Bett, Joshua Oluoch Amimo, Felix Matura Kibegwa, Dedan Githae and Joseph Owino Jung’a

Drug resistance in African animal trypanosomes: A review

May 2018

Animal African trypanosmiasis (AAT) is the most important factor contributing to the sub potential performance of livestock. AAT is caused by Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma brucei. Chemotherapy and chemoprophylaxis are the major means of combating the disease. An estimated 17 million cattle are treated with trypanocides annually. The emergence of drug-resistant trypanosome strains is...

Author(s): Solomon Assefa and Workineh Shibeshi

blaKPC-2 and blaOXA-48 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae found in a Turkish hospital in the Balkans

April 2018

Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carrying blaKPC-2, blaOxa48, and other metallo--lactamases (MBLs) are difficult to treat. This study was conducted to study the phenotypic and genotypic features of carbapenem resistance in isolates of K. pneumoniae isolated from a tertiary care hospital in the European region of Turkey. Isolates of K. pneumonia (n=100) resistant to at least one carbapenem (imipenem,...

Author(s): Sebnem Bukavaz, Metin Budak and Aygül Dogan Celik  

Good hygiene practices and microbiological contamination in commercial restaurants

April 2018

Food services and commercial restaurants have gained more space in people’s lives. Thus, people are more concerned about food security and sanitary hygiene. The present study evaluated practices of manipulation and contamination of environments and the preparation of surfaces in commercial restaurants in Vitória-ES, Brazil. Data on good practices were collected through a checklist proposal based on the RDC...

Author(s): Rosiane Cosme Nascimento, Elizandra Maier Silva and Jackline Freitas Brilhante de São José  

Effect of indigenous and effective microorganism fertilizers on soil microorganisms and yield of Irish potato in Bambili, Cameroon

April 2018

Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the world’s most consumed staple worldwide and an important crop in terms of food security in the face of population growth and increased hunger rates. Potato yields in Cameroon have often been low as a result of decrease in soil fertility. Soil fertility has often been regarded as the chemical and physical properties of soil, with the microbial aspect often being...

Author(s): Taffouo Victor Desiré, Muyang Rosaline Fosah, Mbouobda Hermann Desiré, and Fotso,  

Screening of bioactive compound, antimicrobial activity producing halophilic isolates from the saltpans of Thoothukudi district

April 2018

Extreme environments harbor a number of microbes producing novel bioactive compounds. The aim of our study is to isolate and identify bioactive compound producing halophiles. Marine soil sediments were collected from the solar saltpans of Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu, India. Based on colony morphology, two species were isolated and identification was done by using morphological and biochemical tests. The extracts of...

Author(s): Deepalaxmi R. K. and Gayathri C.  

Ameliorative effect of imipenem on pulmonary damage caused by extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria isolates from non- human source

April 2018

Acute lung infection induced by Extended Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBL) producing isolates was determined by measuring inflammatory mediators; malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and nitric oxide (NO). The mice were randomly divided into three groups of 20 animals each. All mice were given 104 c.f.u. ml-1 of the test organism intranasally in a volume of 50 µl while holding the mouse in an upright...

Author(s): Afunwa R. A., Iroha R. I., Ugwu M., Afunwa E. C., Unachuchwu M. N. and Esimone C. O.  

Evaluation of gene xpert assay and microscopic examination for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum at Port Harcourt, Nigeria

April 2018

The re-emergence and increase in the prevalence of tuberculosis cases and multidrug resistant strains is of public health concern. The conventional Acid Fast Bacilli detection tool is weak in the current disease trend especially in children, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and low bacterial load. The aim of this research was to assess effectiveness of the Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay and Microscopy in...

Author(s): Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu, Stella Paulinus Okwelle, Easter Godwin Nwokah and Ollor Amba Ollor  

Characterization of p30 membrane protein gene of Mycoplasma agalactiae isolates by polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease enzyme assay

April 2018

Seven hundred and eight (708) samples collected from the goats of Gujarat were screened for Mycoplasma agalactiae by culture and PCR using 16S rRNA based genus specific and species-specific primers. Amplification of the p30 membrane protein gene was carried out using specific primers and the resultant amplicons were subjected to restriction enzyme analysis. The isolates yielded 715 bp and 360 bp products with...

Author(s): Pranay K., Roy A. and Aher T. K.  

Assessment of the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Gram-negative bacilli at the Charles De Gaulle Paediatric University Hospital (CDG-PUH), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

April 2018

Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a serious concern in developing countries due to precarious hygiene conditions, inappropriate prescription as well as self-medication and free sale of antibiotics. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of strains producing extended-spectrum beta- lactamase in the Gram negative bacteria isolated in the laboratory. The study was conducted in the Charles De Gaulle Paediatric...

Author(s): Mahamoudou Sanou,, Absétou Ky/Ba, Pricille Coulibali, Marius Nagalo, Abdoul Salam Ouédraogo, Mamadou Tamboura, Dinanibé Kambiré, Cyrille Bisseye, Fidèle Bakiono, Jacques Simporé and Ramata Ouédraogo,

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