GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds and evaluation of antimicrobial activity of the extracts of Daedalea elegans: A Nigerian mushroom
June 2020
Phytochemicals are naturally occurring compounds present in varying levels in plants and help significantly in protecting them against pathogens. The chemical composition of acetone and ethanolic extracts of Daedalea elegans were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Twenty-eight and fourty-four compounds were identified in the acetone and ethanolic extracts respectively. Only four compounds were found...
Distribution of β-Lactam resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical and environmental sources in two tertiary hospitals in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
May 2020
For appropriate control of infections, it is necessary to possess updated awareness about occurrence of the causative agents. Gram-negative bacteria are considered important microorganisms that cause hospital infections. Clinical multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria were obtained from clinical samples including urine, high vaginal swab (HVS), wound swab (WS), stools, ear swab (ES), endocervical swab (ECS),...
Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus and Succinovibrio dextrinosolvens promoting the growth of maize and soybean plants
May 2020
Plant growth promoting bacteria can be an alternative to increase plant production, and reduce production costs and environmental impacts. Ruminal bacteria have several abilities and some of them are related to plant growth promotion. The aim of this study is to evaluate the increase in maize and soybean plants and in soils promoted by the inoculation of three ruminal bacteria: Bacillus cereus, Lactobacillus acidophilus...
Occurrence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in aquaculture farms in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)
May 2020
Aquaculture provides a significant proportion of the fish consumed around the world. In West Africa, aquaculture is an important economic sector. However, several diseases with high fish mortality are caused by bacterial infections. Due to the lack of surveillance in aquaculture, this study investigated the presence of bacteria in fish farms. The purpose of the study was to isolate bacteria in aquaculture (Ivory...
Antibacterial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from clinical specimens at Uttara IbnSina Diagnostic Centre, Dhaka
May 2020
Nowadays, antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Bangladesh is accelerated to this owing to its sub-standards healthcare along with the self-medication and overuse of antibiotics. The study aimed to assess patterns of antibacterial resistance in the clinical samples. The study was carried out at Ibn Sina Diagnostic and Consultation Center Uttara, Dhaka, from January to December 2019. All cultures and...
Naftifine inhibits pigmentation through down-regulation on expression of phytoene desaturase gene CAR1 in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa
May 2020
Naftifine, an antifungal drug, inhibits pigmentation in Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. However, the relative mechanism is minutely understood. In this study, regulation of gene expression by naftifine was investigated to elucidate mechanism of yeast de-pigmentation. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs), followed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). The qPCR results showed that mRNA...
Assessing the polymorphism of DHFR gene from Plasmodium falciparum in the south of Côte d’Ivoire
May 2020
Since 2005, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted new strategies of malaria management including free provision of Artemisinin-based Combination Therapy (ACT) to children less than five years of age and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as Intermittent Preventive Treatment (IPT) for pregnant women. However, introduction of ATCs raises concerns about the extensive use of cheap SP which could increase Plasmodium falciparum...
In vitro efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum and detached leaflet assay on late blight pathogen: Phytophthora infestans
May 2020
Late blight is highly variable adapting to new fungicides and overcoming host resistance. The objective of the study was to determine efficacy of Trichoderma asperellum against Phytophthora infestans and its compatibility with fungicides. T. asperellum at 33% (3 × 106), 66% (7 × 106) and 100% (1 × 107 CFU/mL; g/L), Ridomil® (Metalaxyl 4% + Mancozeb 64%) and Mistress 72® (Cynamoxil...
Chemical composition and in-vitro antimicrobial activity of essential oil of African nutmeg (Monodora myristica (Gaertn) Dunal on microorganisms isolated from smoke-dried catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
April 2020
Dried seeds of Monodora myristica were obtained from Oba market in Edo State, ground into fine powder and stored in an air tight plastic container at room temperature until when used. Essential oils were extracted using steam distillation and characterised using the gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) technique. Microbial isolates obtained from smoke dried fish samples purchased from Oba Market, Benin City, Edo...
Formulation and pathogenicity of a bioherbicide for wild poinsettia control
April 2020
Adequate formulation of bioproducts represents one of the most challenging aspects of bioproduct development. The incorporation of adjuvants with bioagents can positively influence product development. However, it is indispensable to evaluate the sensitivity of bioagents to these adjuvants. The aim of this study was to determine the toxicity of seven adjuvants at different concentrations to Bipolaris yamadae (Bipolaris...
Chemical composition and control of Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc by essential oils
April 2020
Essential oils of medicinal plants show potential to control phytopathogens. Essential oils of Lippia sidoides Cham, Lippia lasiocalycina Cham, Lippia origanoides Kunth - Teresina, Lippia origanoides Kunth - Jatobá, Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze, Croton sonderianus Muell. Arg. And Croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm. were evaluated regarding their chemical composition and in controlling the Sclerotium...
Physicochemical and microbiological evaluation of water from western part of the Rio Grande does Norte, Brazil
April 2020
The water quality evaluation with reference to parameters of drinkability is made through a series of analyses, which are physicochemical or microbiological. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of drinking water distribution network in the western part of the Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Water samples were collected in several neighborhoods, and divided into 5 zones. In each of...
Food hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among hospital food handlers in Elmanagil City, Sudan
April 2020
Food borne diseases (FBDs) can occur due to the health status of the food handlers. The present study aimed to assess food hygiene knowledge, attitude and practices among hospital food handlers of ElManagil City, Sudan. A cross-sectional study was administered to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices, in food hygiene among hospital food handlers through a questionnaire. The food handlers expressed a level of...
Microbial load of indoor airborne bacteria and fungi in a teaching hospital in Ghana
March 2020
The hospital, even though a place for the sick people, is inhabited by medical staff, administrative, security and patients who may share common microbes in the hospital environment. Some of these organisms may be pathogenic and may pose health hazard to humans through inhalation in the hospital atmosphere. Hence, the objective of this study was to investigate the microbial load of airborne microorganisms in some...
Biological activity and production of metabolites from Amazon endophytic fungi
February 2020
Obtaining bioactive metabolites from endophytic microorganisms has become increasingly more interesting in the last few decades, since endophytes are known for their biotechnological potential. However, studies involving endophytic microbiota from tropical hosts are still scarce. In this study, the production of bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi isolated from Amazonian plants were evaluated. Two fungi...
Phylogenetic analysis of multidrug resistant E. coli isolates from the urinary tract in Bushenyi district, Uganda using the new Clermont phylotyping method
February 2020
Due to the increasing rates of multidrug resistance (MDR) among the Enterobacteriaceae that cause urinary tract infections (UTIs), selection of antimicrobial agents for empirical therapy is becoming a major challenge. This study determines the antimicrobial resistance profiles, multidrug resistance profiles, multiple antibiotic resistance indices (MARI), factors associated with MDR UTIs and the phylogenetic groups of...
Biosurfactant production potential of bacillus obtained from dye effluent
February 2020
This study investigated the biosurfactant productions potentials of Bacillus isolated from dye effluent. Samples were collected under aseptic condition from three areas of Sokoto (Marina, Unguwar rogo and Minannata) in Nigeria and transported in an ice bag to microbiology laboratory of Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Enumeration, identification and characterization of the isolates were carried out using standard...
Prevalence of Rickettsia typhi in rodent fleas from areas with and without previous history of plague in Mbulu district, Tanzania
February 2020
Murine (endemic) typhus is a flea-borne infectious disease caused by Rickettsia typhi. The disease transmission cycle has similarities to that of Yersinia pestis causing plague. It is hypothesized that murine typhus is prevalent in areas with plague transmission. This study aims at detection of R. typhi in rodent fleas by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A cross sectional study was carried out in Mbulu...
Biofilm-inhibition activities of fractions of Senna Siamea (LAM) Irwin & Barneby leaf against Escherichia coli
February 2020
Escherichia coli has carved its niche in the urinary tract with the formation of a formidable matrix called biofilm. This biofilm is not only recalcitrant to the body’s immune system but also resistant to antibacterial agents. Senna siamea (Lam) Irwin and Barneby is a medicinal plant with established antibacterial effect against planktonic cells of many bacteria. An attempt was made herein to evaluate the effect...
MALDI-TOF identification of Campylobacter isolated from patients consulted in private laboratories in France
February 2020
Campylobacter is a major agent of gastroenteritis worldwide. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have been increasing in both developed and developing countries over the last decade. In this study, 197 strains of successive Campylobacter-like were identified in French laboratories in September 2018. Bacterial isolates from clinical samples were identified with a mass spectrometer (Ultraflex III TOF/TOF...
Antimicrobial susceptibility of Flavobacteriaceae isolates from Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Tanzania
January 2020
This study aimed to assess antimicrobial susceptibility of members of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Antimicrobial susceptibility of 67 Flavobacteriaceae isolates originating mainly from ponds and Lake Victoria against 19 antimicrobial agents was determined by the broth micro dilution method. Overall, most isolates were susceptible to enrofloxacin (97%; MIC90 2 μg/ml)...
Comparative bacteriological analysis of stored borehole water sources in Oyo town, Oyo State, Nigeria
January 2020
Water contamination is one of the leading causes of deaths and diseases worldwide, accounting for the deaths of more than 14,000 people daily, majority being children under 5 years old, therefore periodic monitoring of municipal water supplies are necessary. Comparative bacteriological analyses of twenty five samples of stored borehole water from five hostels in a tertiary institution in Oyo, Oyo State, was carried out...
Seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in the Middle-Belt of Nigeria
January 2020
The aim of the study was to establish the seroprevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) and contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) among cattle and small ruminants received at abattoirs in Ilorin, Nigeria. A total of 643 blood samples were taken from 324 cattle and 319 sheep and goats. These samples were screened for CBPP and CCPP using rapid latex agglutination tests. The majority were from the north of...
Studies on optimization of L-glutaminase production under submerged fermentation from marine Bacillus subtilis JK-79
January 2020
In the current study, a marine strain Bacillus subtilis JK-79 capable of producing L-glutaminase enzyme, was analyzed for maximal L-glutaminase production. The Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was applied to determine the significant variables. Optimum conditions of the significant variables on L-glutaminase production were determined by the Central Composite Design (CCD) of response surface methodology. Maximum...
Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities
January 2020
Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities of a municipality in the state of Bahia, Brazil, was assessed. Samples of Lactuca sativa, L., Coriandrum sativum and Solanum lycopersicum, soil, and irrigation water were analyzed between August and October, 2015. Total coliforms (TC), Escherichia coli, molds and yeasts on vegetables, soil and water, heterotrophic...
Efficacy of two diagnostic tests for the detection of infectious bursal disease viruses in chicken from different types of bursal samples
January 2020
Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) is an economically important irreversible immunosuppressive disease of young birds. The present study was designed to confirm the efficacy of two common diagnostic tests for the detection of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) from the three types of bursal samples collected from a recent outbreak in layer and broiler chickens of Gazipur district, Bangladesh. This study compared the...
Evaluation of three commercialized rapid point-of-care tests for detection of anti-hepatitis C virus antibodies in Burkina Faso
December 2019
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of commercially rapid point-of-care (POC) tests used for HCV antibodies detection. This is a case-control study conducted in Ouagadougou between December 2014 and January 2015. Three POC for HCV antibodies detection (SD Bioline HCV test®, Anti-HCV dipstick® and First response® HCV card test) marketed in Burkina Faso were evaluated. Architect...
Virulence characteristics and phylogenetic background of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus faecalis from abattoir, poultry and clinical origin in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
December 2019
Enterococcus faecalis is a major cause of nosocomial infection in human and severe extra-intestinal infections in animals. Enterococcus spp possesses the ability to acquire and spread genes linked with antimicrobial resistance which makes them an important nosocomial pathogen. This study aims to determine the distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genotype of Enterococcus faecalis in animal, poultry and...
Foodborne toxinfections caused by virus: Characteristics of the main viruses, prevention, treatment and clinical method of laboratory diagnosis by RT-qPCR
December 2019
Foodborne viruses were recognized among the top-rated food safety priorities and have become a greater concern to the food industry over the past few years. Food safety experts agreed that control measures for viruses throughout the food chain are required. This manuscript provides a description of foodborne viruses (Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Norovirus, Astrovirus, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis E, and Poliovirus) and their...
Evaluation of lactic acid bacteria isolated from fermented mustards in lowering hypercholesterol by using bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity and bile salt de-conjugation
December 2019
This work evaluates lactic acid bacteria (LAB) obtained from fermented mustards for lowering cholesterol. The LAB strains’ ability to reduce cholesterol in vitro was determined using activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH) and deconjugation of bile salt in vitro. The LAB strains were examined for their ability to resist acid and bile salt. Strains that can reduce cholesterol adhere to Caco-2 cells and they were...
Assessment of bacteriological quality of water sources from an agrarian settlement in South-East Nigeria
December 2019
This study assessed the bacteriological quality of groundwater, rainwater and surface water sourced from an agrarian settlement in South-eastern Nigeria. Agamede, Amede, Ihenyi, Mgbuji and Umuhu communities in Eha-Amufu served as sampling locations. Samples were sourced from River Ebenyi, hand-dug wells and rooftop harvested rainwater. Bacterial isolation, identification and enumeration followed standard methods....
Assessment of drugs pressure on Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. uropathogens in patients attending Abobo-Avocatier Hospital, North of Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire)
November 2019
The problem of antibiotic resistance of uropathogens appears in Abobo municipality to be worsening because of the overuse and misuse of antibiotics. This study aims to assess the impact of drugs pressure on uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. strains isolated from patients attending Abobo-Avocatier Hospital. The study was conducted in patients suffering from urinary tract infection. Urine samples of...
Heat shock impact on the growth of Bacillus spp. (SUBB01) and its surveillance in minimal medium under shaking condition
November 2019
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of proteins that are produced by all living organisms in response to exposure to stressful condition. The present research aims to study the physiology of Bacillus spp. (SUBB01) under aeration in diverse culture media and temperature at 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, 53 and 54°C. Bacterial growth was measured through enumeration of the viable and culturable growing cells that...
Passive surveillance of clinical poultry diseases in an Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital of Bangladesh
November 2019
The present study is aimed at investigating clinical poultry diseases in an Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital of Bangladesh through passive surveillance and to know the frequency distribution of antimicrobial drugs prescription pattern. The study was conducted in Ramu Upazila Government Veterinary Hospital under Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh from February to March, 2016. A total of 180 cases including 73...
Assessment of bacterial contamination and milk handling practices along the raw milk market chain in the north-western region of Rwanda
November 2019
This study was conducted to assess raw milk bacterial loads and micro-organisms associated with milk handling practices and raw milk chain in the North-western region of Rwanda. A multistage sampling method was used to collect sixty-seven raw milk samples that were analyzed for milk quality at four stages of the raw milk chain: dairy farmers, milk hawkers, milk collection centres (MCC) and milk kiosks. Total bacterial...
The bacterial diversity in infected tissue pus of an East Asian finless porpoise
November 2019
Two East Asian finless porpoises (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri) in Ningbo, East China Sea, China, were observed to be bacterially infected between the fat layer and muscle layer. The microbial communities in pus samples were identified by metagenome sequencing 16S in the PacBio platform and explored the relationship between emaciation and bacterial infection. The present paper was the first report on bacterial...
Antimicrobial activity of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with Datura stramonium (Jimson weed) plant leaf extracts
November 2019
Functional finishes are agents that are applied to fabrics to make them suitable for specific uses and contribute a specific attribute to a fabric without altering its appearance. In this context, the present study reveals the importance of dyed fabrics with Datura stramonium plant leaf extracts to control antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which have been a threat to human health and posed noticeable challenges...
Screening of fungal contaminants in banana tissue cultures in Jkuat, Kenya
November 2019
Tissue culture is prone to high costs of production arising from losses incurred from fungal contamination. The aim of the study was to characterise fungal contaminants and elucidate the exhibited mode of resistance to most preferred sterilants. Twenty nine fungal samples were collected at the different stages of tissue culture growth, using purposive sampling technique. Morphology results were confirmed by...
Utilization potential of quality protein maize in spiced ogi
November 2019
The high incidence of protein energy malnutrition among children under 5 years in Nigeria informed this study. Quality protein maize (QPM) produces more lysine and tryptophan than most modern varieties of maize. It has been reported to be economically superior to traditional maize. This research focuses on QPM ogi fortified with indigenous food spices in order to improve its health benefits and organoleptic properties....
Diketopiperazine alkaloids produced by the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity
October 2019
Chromatographic fractionation of the antileishmanial extract obtained from fermentation of the endophytic fungus Penicillium citrinum, isolated from leaves of Ageratum myriadenia, yielded three diketopiperazine alkaloids; cyclo(L-Pro-L-Leu) (1), cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Phe) (2) and tryprostatin B (3). The structures of these compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods and comparison with the literature....
Qualitative assessment of Uvaria chamae (bush banana) crude extracts against wound isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis alongside resistance and plasmid profiles determination of the isolates
October 2019
Uvaria chamae is a plant used traditionally in treatment of wounds and other ailments. This work was conducted on qualitative assessment of crude extracts of U. chamae against wound isolated strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis, determining the resistance and plasmid profiles of the isolates. Standard techniques were employed in crude extraction of roots and leaves of the plant followed by...
Effect of abattoir wastes on stream quality in the Bolgatanga municipality, Ghana-west Africa
October 2019
This research was undertaken to determine abattoir wastes effect on the stream quality along Kollaa stream in Sawaba area of Bolgatanga municipality. The study also determined the microbiological quality and some physicochemical parameters of the stream that takes delivery of untreated waste from the abattoir and the extent of pollution through discharge of waste from abattoir sites into stream water. Three water...
Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of extended spectrum beta-Lactamase-producing Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urine samples of patients visiting private laboratories in Abakaliki Metropolis
October 2019
Studies have shown that Klebsiella oxytoca is a major cause of infections in humans. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing K. oxytoca from urine samples of patients visiting private laboratories in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. A total of 150 mid-steam urine samples of patients visiting three main private laboratories in...
Probiotics Lactobacillus strains: A promising alternative therapy against to biofilm-forming enteropathogenic bacteria?
October 2019
Biofilms formation stands out in context of persistent intestinal infections caused by Enterobacteriaceae, which are associated with a high resistance to antimicrobial agents’ and phagocytosis by host defense cells. Hence, understanding the mechanisms involved in this process becomes major for the development of new preventive and therapeutic strategies. Lactic acid bacteria, including species of the genus...
Prevalence of HEV markers among healthy and patients with hepatitis B and C in Upper Egypt
October 2019
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has a worldwide distribution and represents an important cause of acute hepatitis. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of HEV infection, and risk factors associated with this infection in healthy individual and patients with hepatitis B and C in Upper Egypt. Samples were collected from different governorates (Luxor, Assuit, Aswan and Sohag governorates) in Upper Egypt. Serum...
Impact of vessels on sediment transport and diversity in Lake Taihu, China
October 2019
In shallow lakes, waves from different sources play a major role in sediment transport and the release of associated nutrients. This study was conducted to analyze the impacts of waves generated by wind or vessels, on nutrient concentrations and microbial diversity in China’s third largest lake, Taihu. The study area is fixed at 100 m length of sailing vessel and 10 m width from where water samples were collected,...
High frequency of Torque Teno virus (TTV) among Egyptian hemodialysis patients
October 2019
Very little reports are yet available for the infection rate of Torque Teno virus (TTV) among hemodialysis patients in Upper Egypt. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the frequency and the possible genotypes of TTV in chronic renal failure patients undergoing dialysis. This cross-sectional study was carried out between August 2016 and February 2017 in three haemodialysis units in Minia, Egypt. Blood samples were...
Isolation and characterization of potential phosphate solubilizing bacteria in two regions of Senegal
October 2019
Many soils of the inter-tropical regions are P-deficient because of their high fixing power and low P content. Rock phosphate resources used to produce the phosphate fertilizers are exhausted and chemical fertilizer are causing environmental degradation. This issue raised the question of sustainability of fertilization and subsequently has enhanced the interest in the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers. The aim of...
Characterization of bacterial pathogens associated with milk microbiota in Egypt
October 2019
Milk is a substantial source of nutrients needed by all humans across lifespan development. Given its nutritional composition, milk is considered a vehicle for various microbes including beneficial and pathogenic bacteria. In this study, 270 milk samples comprising raw cow and buffalo milk and pasteurized milk with different shelf-life durations were tested along with pasteurized organic milk for the presence of...
Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi extracts isolated from Carissa carandas
September 2019
This is the first report of endophytic fungi derived from Carissa carandas producing bioactive compounds in Thailand. The aims of this research were to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of extracts from endophytic fungi, identify the potential fungal isolates by phylogenetic analysis and analyze the composition of the potential crude extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The...
Page 5 of 105, showing 50 records out of 5215 total, starting on record 201, ending on 250
Advertisement
Advertisement
