Aerobic bacterial isolates, incidence rate and associated risk factors of heifer and cow mastitis in and around Debre-Libanos district, Oromia, Ethiopia
January 2020
The investigation was led from February-November 2014 longitudinally to recognize aerobic bacterial isolates, estimate incidence rate, identify the associated risk factors and antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of heifer and cow mastitis in and around Debre-Libanos district. An aggregate of 31 Jersey and Holstein-Fresian cross heifers that were left for less than a month to calve were sampled and pursued for the initial...
Ovopet® a new and effective treatment to decrease inflammation, pain and lameness in competing trotters
January 2020
The use of nutritional supplements for joint problems has received much attention in recent years. At this sight, Ovopet®, an innovative ingredient from eggshell membrane that ensures the supply of nutrients necessary for the repair of joints together with anti-inflammatory compounds of natural origin, appears as a natural alternative supplementation for the treatment of joint problems in horses. Thus the aim of...
African animal trypanosomosis in cattle in Bénin: A review
October 2019
African animal trypanosomosis is a disease transmitted by tsetse flies and tabanid to domestic mammals which seriously affects their health status and considerably reduces their productivity. This study proposes to make a synthesis on the bovine trypanosomosis and the various works undertaken in Benin country from 1960 to 2018. After general information on bovine trypanosomosis, the various vectorial agents responsible...
Development of hormonal profiles of Nubian bucks at puberty in Sudan
October 2019
This study was designed to monitor the development of the hormonal profiles of the Nubian bucks at puberty. Thirty two (32) Nubain male kids between 1 day and 24 weeks having body weights of 2.3 to 13.5 kg were utilized in this study. All kids were injected with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of the animals immediately before hCG injection and 1 h after the...
Assessing the impact of Trypanosoma spp. in cattle and its vector infestation in controlled and uncontrolled Kebeles in Kucha Wereda, Southern Ethiopia
October 2019
This study was undertaken in Kucha Woreda to assess the impact of Trypanosoma spp. on cattle and its vector infestation rate using cross-sectional study design. The study was done from November 2016 to June 2017 on 384 local cattle using buffy coat method and tsetse fly density was seen in intervention area with non-controlled area. The overall infection rate 4.17% (N=16) showed an insignificant (p>0.05) difference...
Comparison of fluorescence polarization assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis
August 2019
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map), is the etiological agent of paratuberculosis, a disease that affects cattle and causes economic losses to the animal husbandry industry. Its opportune diagnosis, in herds, is part of the control measures of the disease; therefore, the objective of this work was to compare paratuberculosis detection of infected bovines with the Fluorescence Polarization Assay (FPA)...
Histology of the midbrain of the grey breasted helmeted guinea fowl (Numida meleagris galeata) at post-hatch
July 2019
The study was carried out to investigate the development of the midbrain in the grey breasted helmeted guinea fowl, Numida meleagris galeata, at post-hatch. Domestication of this species of bird is in an increase, but scanty documentation on the development of midbrain (mesencephalon) and how it relates to the neurobiology of this bird is lacking. In our findings, there was a steady increase in the midbrain mean weights...
Characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia
July 2019
Staphylococcus aureus is commonly associated with mastitis in dairy herds with potential public health implications. Overall, 303 samples were collected from September 2015 to July 2016 to characterize the phenotypic and genotypic pattern of drug resistance in S. aureus isolated from cases of clinical and sub-clinical bovine mastitis in Central Ethiopia. Milk samples were tested by using California Mastitis Test and...
Occupational hazards associated with human brucellosis in abattoir settings: A case study of Dodoma abattoir in Tanzania
March 2019
Brucellosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases posing a serious obstacle to public health, food safety and security and, socio-economic development in most African countries. A cross-sectional study was conducted to establish practices that may pose occupational risks of transmission of brucellosis to people working in abattoirs in Tanzania. A total of 452 serum samples; 190, 200 and 62 from cattle, goats...
Rabies serosurvey of domestic dogs in Kigali City, Rwanda
March 2019
In Rwanda, rabies is a threat to public health and the control is mainly done by vaccinating pet dogs annually. However, it is unknown whether dogs that received rabies vaccination achieved protective antibody levels. This study assessed factors influencing rabies antibody titres in vaccinated and non-vaccinated pet dogs in Kigali City, Rwanda. A questionnaire was used to gather information on 137 study dogs and clotted...
Antibiotic sensitivity and sodium chloride susceptibility patterns of Flavobacterium columnare isolated from clinical columnaris in cultured Clarias gariepinus
March 2019
Antimicrobial resistance is a global concern, especially with the backdrop of the development of possible environmental and public health hazards. Flavobacterium columnare has been observed to be multi-drug resistant but highly susceptible to sodium chloride, hence the need for susceptibility profiling. Therapeutic efficacy of commonly used antibiotics and sodium chloride was tested in-vitro against four isolates of F....
Comparative cost analysis of three injectable ivermectin preparations in the control of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in Makurdi, Benue State Nigeria
February 2019
The efficacy and comparative cost analysis of three injectable ivermectin preparations was evaluated in West African Dwarf (WAD) sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. Three anthelmintics: ivomec classic® (IVC), ivomec super® (IVS) and ivomec gold® (IVG) were administered at a dose rate of 200µg/kg to control gastrointestinal nematodes in three treatment groups comprising five...
Distribution and molecular characterization of avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV) in domestic and wild birds in Burkina Faso
February 2019
Avian hepatitis E virus (aHEV), clinically important in poultry industry, can cause death and reduce egg production of chickens, resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry industry. However, little is known about this aHEV infection in Burkina Faso. This study presents the results of distribution and characterization of aHEV in domestic and wild birds without clinical disease. In total 173 birds liver...
Common health and welfare problems of working donkeys in Addis Ababa and its surrounding area: Retrospective and questionnaire survey
February 2019
A retrospective study was conducted to assess the health and welfare problems of working donkeys at the Merkato Donkey Sanctuary clinic in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Data on 12,991 working donkeys from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed from the data record sheet kept by the clinic. Results on the age distribution of donkeys showed that the average age of the donkeys was around nine years old. Only 7.37% of the donkeys were with...
Bovine mastitis: Prevalence, Isolation and identification of major bacterial pathogens in selected areas of Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
February 2019
A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of mastitis in bovines and to, isolate and identify the major bacterial pathogens of lactating cows in six selected woredas of Bench Maji Zone of Southwestern Ethiopia from June 2017-October 2017. Three hundred eighty four lactating cows were examined for mastitis by combination of udder physical examination, California Mastitis Test and subsequent...
Atresia ani associated with recto-vaginal fistula in two months old Sudanesse crossbreed lamb
February 2019
A case of atresia ani with recto-vaginal fistula was observed in a two-month old Sudanese crossbred lamb. On physical examination, the abdomen was distended, and there was bulging around the perineal region and severe straining. Upon palpation, the anal ring was felt at the anal area, voiding of feaces and urine from the vaginal opening was seen, while the fistula was felt upon vaginal palpation. Reconstructive...
Health and welfare problems of pack donkeys and cart horses in and around Holeta town, Walmara district, Central Ethiopia
January 2019
This study was conducted from October, 2013 to May, 2014 to identify and compare common health and welfare problems of pack donkeys and cart horses in and around Holeta town, central Ethiopia. The presence of the problems was directly assessed on 301 pack donkeys and 84 cart horses, and indirectly assessed in the areas where the study animals were living, grazing and working. Indirect assessments of the problems were...
Reproductive health problems and associated risk factors in intensively managed dairy cows in Alage, Southern Ethiopia
January 2019
Cross sectional study was conducted in Alage dairy farm with the objectives of determining the causes of reproductive wastages, their prevalence and the risk factors on 173 dairy cows (68 Holstein Friesian (HF) and 105 Borena breed) from November 2017 to April 2018. Additionally, a one year data, from September, 2016 to September, 2017 on a total of 172 cows were analyzed. From the one year record data, 33.72% (n=58) of...
The neglected welfare statue of working donkeys in Ethiopia: The case of Dale district in Southern Ethiopia
January 2019
A cross sectional study was conducted on A total of 246 working donkeys from October 2015 to May 2016 with the objectives of assessing the welfare problem and harness related wound in dale district of Sidama Zone. The data were collected using direct (animal-based, using the hand tool) and indirect (owners resource-based, through questionnaire survey) methods. Indirect data was collected on the working management of...
Prevalence and intensity of gastrointestinal nematodes infection in sheep and goats in semi-intensively managed farm, South Ethiopia
January 2019
Study on prevalence and associated risk factors of mange mite infestations in cattle in Damot Woyde District, Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia
December 2018
A cross sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018 in Damot Woyde District of Wolayta Zone to estimate the prevalence of mange mite infestation in cattle and identify the associated risk factors. Out of 375 animals examined, 41 (10.9%) were found positive for mange mite infestations. No statistically significant difference was noted among sex, age, breed and management categories (p>0.05); however,...
Strategies for animal disease control in Ethiopia: A review of policies, regulations and actors
December 2018
Ethiopia has the largest livestock population in Africa, making a considerable contribution to the livelihood of Ethiopian people and to the wider economy. However, zoonotic diseases threaten the performance and potential benefits of this vast livestock sector. Emerging zoonotic diseases, such as bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis and anthrax that have acquired global significance seriously affect the livestock sector in...
Dosage regimen associated immuno modulatory effect of levamisole on humoral response of broilers against inactivated avian influenza virus H7N3 adjuvanted vaccines
November 2018
Inactivated oil based avian influenza vaccines are being used to confront viral outbreaks but seem to be ineffective due to the shorter life span of broiler birds. In such situations immunostimulating agents may play a vital role to overcome the problem. The current study was designed to investigate the co-stimulatory effect of levamisole on humoral response of chicken against inactivated oil based influenza vaccines in...
Challenges with the implementation and adoption of assisted reproductive technologies under communal farming system
October 2018
This study aimed to assess the perception of cattle farmers regarding the challenges affecting implementation and adoption of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) such as oestrous synchronisation and artificial insemination under communal and emerging farming systems in South Africa. The study was conducted in Limpopo, Mpumalanga and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. A total of 27 cattle farmers who participated in the ARTs...
Prevalence and risk analysis of bovine brucellosis in Asella organized dairy farm, Oromia Regional State, South East Ethiopia
October 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted on organized Dairy Farm at Asella, Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia to determine seroprevalence and risk analysis of bovine brucellosis in May, 2016. A total of 304 samples were collected; all were tested and confirmed serologically using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT). Out of 304 samples tested, overall seroprevalence of RBPT and CFT results...
Prevalence and clinical pathology caused by infectious bronchitis virus in poultry birds at Sindh, Pakistan
September 2018
Poultry is a major meat and eggs producing sector that generates high income throughout the world. Despite worldwide growth of poultry, it is influenced by various infectious pathogens especially infectious bronchitis virus (IBV). As a result of heavy economic losses through high morbidity, mortality, deficient performance, low weight gain, abnormal colour and misshapen eggs, this study is designed on identification and...
Assessment on major reproductive health problems of dairy cattle in Boloso Sore, Southern Ethiopia
September 2018
The ultimate goal integrated herd health management is to lower calving interval, decrease the number of services per conception thereby increasing reproduction and production but reproductive health disorders affect the reproductive performance of the dairy cows, the number of potential replacement needed to maintain a constant herd size and the longevity of the cow in the herd. There was insufficiency research...
Association of body weight, scrotal circumference, heart girth and penile development with spermatogenesis in the Nubian bucks
September 2018
This study was designed to monitor the morphological development of the reproductive tract of the Nubian bucks in relation to puberty. Thirty-two Nubian male kids were used in this study. Their ages ranged between 1 day and 24 weeks. The study was undertaken to correlate the body weight (BW), heart girth circumference (HG), scrotal circumference (SC), testicular descent into the scrotum and penile separation from...
A study of Newcastle disease virus in poultry from live bird markets and backyard flocks in Kenya
August 2018
A countrywide cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the presence of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in poultry in live bird markets (LBMs) and backyard poultry farms in Kenya. A total of nine hundred and twenty two (922) poultry in backyard flocks and four hundred and fifty four (454) poultry in LBMs were examined. Overall, NDV was detected in 10.1% (46/454) of the poultry sampled in live bird markets. In...
The efficacy of Ovopet® in the treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs
August 2018
Hip dysplasia is a widespread condition that can affect dogs of all ages. Hip dysplasia is caused by a subluxation in the hip joint. This leads to the development of osteoarthritis that causes inflammation and pain. At this sight, the efficacy of a supplement with Ovopet®, eggshell membrane, was evaluated together with its tolerability and safety. Forty client-owned medium sized arthritic dogs were treated daily for...
An observational and questionnaire based study on principles of herd health management on Jimma University dairy farms
August 2018
The study was in Jimma University dairy farm with objective to assess the dairy management aspects of Jimma University dairy farm and to identify the herd health problems of the dairy farm. Ethiopia has a large number of livestock populations and holds the 1st rank in Africa. Despite the huge number of cattle and their economic importance, the productivity is low due to constraints of disease, nutrition, poor...
Prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and associated risk factor in Jimma Horro District, Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia
August 2018
Trypanosomosis is a serious disease that causes a significant production loss in cattle. A cross sectional study was conducted in Jimma Horro District of Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia to determine prevalence and associated risk factors of bovine trypanosomosis from October 2016 to October 2017. Blood samples from randomly selected 384 cattle of both sex and different age group were collected and examined with...
Anaesthetic and cardiopulmonary parameters of dogs administered propofol-acepromazine-butorphanol or propofol-acepromazine-buprenorphine anaesthesia
July 2018
The efficacy and safety of premedication with acepromazine-butorphanol or acepromazine-buprenorphine combination were compared in dogs anaesthetized with propofol using total intravenous anaesthesia. Six mature Nigerian indigenous dogs were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 premedication groups: Group 1 (acepromazine, 0.03 mg/kg, IM; butorphanol, 0.4 mg/kg, IM), or 2 (acepromazine, 0.03 mg/kg, IM; buprenorphine, 0.02 mg/kg,...
Dog breeds acquisition and owners’ awareness of associated surgical conditions in Nigeria
July 2018
The study evaluated dog owners’ awareness of breed-associated surgical conditions in Nigeria as indices for breed choice with structured pre-tested questionnaires administered to dog owners in 17 states of Nigeria. Alsatians (36.8%) and Rottweiler (13%) breeds were mostly possessed by owners. The majority of the respondents were females (60.4%) owners. Lagos (53.4%) and Oyo (52.1%) states had the highest...
Prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites and identification of major nematodes of cattle in and around Bishoftu, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
July 2018
Although, many studies have been conducted to estimate the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) helminths of cattle in Ethiopia, most of them were conducted using simple fecal egg examination rather than larval identification to identify the nematodes. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 with the aim of estimating the prevalence of GIT helminths and identifying nematode genera in...
Determination of pH and water holding capacity of beef from selected butcher shops of Mekelle, Ethiopia
June 2018
A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the water holding capacity (WHC) of beef sold in selected butcher shops of Mekelle, Ethiopia and to establish the effects of pre-slaughter rests and age of the animals with pH and WHC of the meats. A total of 80 samples from 80 randomly selected butcher shops were sampled in 6 months study period of time, from May to October. Each sample was accompanied by...
Study on calf coccidiosis in dairy farms in and around Holeta Town, Finfine Zuria Liyu Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
June 2018
Bovine coccidiosis is a protozoan infection caused by different species of Eimeria which has a worldwide distribution. The disease which mainly affects calves belongs to large herd size where hygiene is not well managed and is associated with poor body condition. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2016 to April 2017 to determine the prevalence of bovine coccidiosis and identify the associated risk...
A study on gross and histopathological pulmonary lesions of cattle slaughtered at Abergelle Abattoir, Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
June 2018
Animals in sub-Saharan African countries are used as source of milk, meat, hides and skin where animal diseases are one of the primary constraints in increasing the productivity of food animals. Studies were conducted to examine various respiratory problems of cattle with purpose of identifying the gross and histopathological lesions in lungs of slaughtered cattle at Abergelle Export Abattoir from April 2015 to June...
Mechanism of retained placenta and its treatment by plant medicine in ruminant animals in Oromia, Ethiopia
June 2018
Retained placenta is the abnormal condition in animal reproduction in which fetal membrane failed to detach from maternal uterine wall after postpartum. The retention of placenta can create some disorders within reproductive organ of animals by allowing microorganisms to grow inside the uterus causing inflammation of uterus, fever, weight loss, decreasing milk yield, longer calving intervals and if the case is severe...
Status of mange infestation in indigenous sheep and goats and their control practices in Wag-Himra zone, Ethiopia
May 2018
A cross sectional study was conducted from December 2016 to April 2017 to estimate the status of mange infestation in indigenous sheep and goats and identify the major species of mites and potential risk factors in selected districts with different agro-ecological zones of Wag-Himra zone. In addition, a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the awareness and control practices of livestock owners on mange...
Prevalence of bovine of schistosomosis in and around Nekemte, East Wollega zone, Western Ethiopia
May 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2016 to May 2016 at Guto Gida District, Nekemte, Ethiopia to determine the prevalence of bovine schistosomosis. Simple random sampling method was used to select the study animals and sedimentation technique was applied for finding Schistosoma eggs from fresh fecal samples. Out of 384 fecal samples examined, 22 were found positive indicating an overall prevalence of 5.7%...
Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium bovis in Jalisco, Mexico: Tracing back sources of infection
May 2018
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a disease of cattle that presents risk to public health, causing severe economic losses to the livestock industry and difficulty in eradication because of its complex epidemiology. The aim of this study was to identify relationships between Mycobacterium bovis strains from cattle in the State of Jalisco, and those of other States of México. Molecular fingerprints of 337 M. bovis...
Antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw cow milk and fresh fruit juice in Mekelle, Tigray, Ethiopia
April 2018
This study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus in raw milk, fresh fruit juice and dairy farms settings of Mekelle, Tigray. A cross-sectional study was conducted on the total 258 samples of raw cow milk and fresh fruit juice. Antimicrobial resistance status was also checked for identified S. aureus using various commonly used antimicrobial discs. The overall viable staphylococcal...
A cross sectional study on prevalence of cattle fasciolosis and associated economical losses in cattle slaughtered at Gondar Elfora Abattoir, northwest Ethiopia
April 2018
Fasciolosis is a parasitic disease caused by either Fasciola hepatica or Faciola gigantica. These parasitic infections are of global significance causing diseases in different mammalian species including humans. In this study, the prevalence and economic significance of Fasciolosis in cattle slaughtered at Gondar Elfora abattoirs was assessed. A total of 400 cattle were examined and 85 cattle (21.2%) were affected by...
Study of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) frequencies and coinfection in mexican farrow to finish pig farms
March 2018
The porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is commonly present along with the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). These are the most important pathogens for pig industry worldwide. In this study, we determined frequencies for both viruses, as well as coinfection, in farrow to finish farms from México. For this, pigs from 28 farms in different states were sampled for tonsils, lungs and lymphatic...
Cross-sectional study on the prevalence and risk factors for major skin diseases of cattle in Hawassa city, Southern Ethiopia
March 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted on the major skin diseases of cattle in Hawassa city with the objectives of estimating the prevalence and assessing the effect of different risk factors in the occurrence of these skin diseases in the study area. The study was conducted with thorough physical examination of cattle and laboratory examination of samples collected from all encountered cases. Out of 662 cattle examined...
Effect of topical application of mixture of cod liver oil and honey on old (chronic) wounds and granulation tissue in donkeys
March 2018
A comparative study was conducted from November 2015 to May 2016 with the objective of investigating the beneficial effects of the mixture of cod liver oil and honey (group 1) comparing with routine treatment (group 2), combination of chlorhexidine (0.3%) and cetrimide (3%) in healing of contaminated old wounds in donkeys at Bahir Dar, North western Ethiopia. Out of 18 donkeys, 12 (6 male and 6 female) were treated with...
Semen characteristics, morphology and testicular parameters of Uda (ovis aries) in Ibadan, Nigeria
March 2018
The spermiogram and biometrical observations on the testes and epididymis of 20 adult Uda rams were investigated. The study was aimed at providing information on the reproductive potentials of Uda rams in Ibadan, and thus improved evaluation of breeding soundness in rams. The average age of the rams was 26.40±7.39 months, and their mean body weight was 39.80±3.00kg. The lengths of the right testes...
Assessment of dairy farmers’ hygienic milking practices and awareness on cattle milk-borne zoonoses in Bishoftu, Ethiopia
February 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bishoftu town, Ethiopia, from November, 2016 to April, 2017, to assess smallholder urban dairy farmers’ milk hygiene practices and awareness on cattle milk-borne zoonoses. Data were collected from a total of 100 randomly selected dairy farmers using structured questionnaire. The results of the study showed that all respondents practiced hand milking, with twice (90%), once...
Study on veterinary antibiotic drugs handling and utilization in and around Holeta
February 2018
A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the antibiotics drug handling and utilization practices of the animal owners from November 2016 to April 2017. A total of 384 randomly selected animal owners in and around Holeta were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Most of the respondents (animal owners) were educated (59.4%), whereas less than half of them (40.6%) were uneducated. The prevalence on the...
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