Parsing demographic effects of canine parvovirus on a Minnesota wolf population
June 2011
We examined 35 years of relationships among wolf (Canis lupus) pup survival, population change and canine parvovirus (CPV) seroprevalence in Northeastern Minnesota to determine when CPV exerted its strongest effects. Using correlation analysis of data from five periods of 7-years each from 1973 through 2007, we learned that the strongest effect of CPV on pup survival (r = -0.73) and on wolf population change (r = -0.92)...
Detection of serum antibodies to parainfluenza type 3 virus, respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and herpes virus type 1 in sheep in the Region of Botucatu, São Paulo - Brazil
January 2011
Occurrence of various livestock diseases particularly foot and mouth disease, infectious bursal disease, contagiuos bovine pleuro pneumonia, babesiosis and trypanosomosis were established among the Fulani community of Barkin Ladi Local Government Area, Plateau State. For this study, different techniques of participatory rural appraisal such as open-ended interview, probing, triangulation, transect and proportional...
Occurrence of nematodiasis in Holstein Friesian dairy breed
January 2011
Study was conducted from October 2008 to April 2009 to assess the prevalence of nematodes in Haramaya University dairy farm, Ethiopia. Coprological method (floatation, fecal culture and EPG) were used. Of 172 Holstein Friesian breed examined animals, 54% were positive with 18, 57 and 62% prevalence in calves, heifers and adult, respectively showing significant difference (P<0.05) where odds of nematode is 6 in...
Participatory rural appraisal of livestock diseases among the Fulani community of the Barkin Ladi Local Government Area, Plateau State, Nigeria
January 2011
The effect of long-acting oxytetracycline treatment in the development of sequestra in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)-infected animals was determined. Thirty five clinically healthy zebu cattle, negative for CBPP antibodies (as tested by a competitive ELISA), were infected with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoidessmall colony variant - field isolate. All the animals were...
Experimental studies on the effect of long-acting oxytetracycline treatment in the development of sequestra in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia-infected cattle
November 2010
The effect of long-acting oxytetracycline treatment in the development of sequestra in contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP)-infected animals was determined. Thirty five clinically healthy zebu cattle, negative for CBPP antibodies (as tested by a competitive ELISA), were infected with Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoidessmall colony variant - field isolate. All the animals were...
Seroepidemiological investigation of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes in cattle around Lake Mburo National Park in South-western Uganda
November 2010
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreaks in cattle occur annually in Uganda. In this study the authors investigated antibodies against FMD virus (FMDV) in cattle in surrounding areas of Lake Mburo National Park in South-western Uganda. Two hundred and eleven serum samples from 23 cattle herds were examined for the presence of antibodies against FMDV non-structural proteins and structural proteins using...
Comparison of serum and salivary cortisol in restrained ewe lambs after (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone) ACTH administration
November 2010
The objective of the current study was to compare cortisol concentrations in serum and salivary samples taken concurrently from halter-restrained lambs administered ACTH (100 IU, i.v.) or saline. Although cortisol appeared elevated in all animals, it tended to increase after ACTH administration in both serum (p = 0.085) and saliva (p = 0.078). Additionally, correlation (r = 0.66; p < 0.001) and regression (R2 =...
Pseudomonas infection in Chickens
November 2010
Pseudomonas aeuroginosa is a motile, gram negative, oxidase positive bacteria, grows well on MacConkey agar media. It is a rod shaped bacteria occurring singly or in short chains, microscopically, margins of the colonies are having hook like projections. The organism is a strict aerobe, also grows readily on other common bacteriological media. The bacteria usually produces a water soluble green pigment composed of...
Amelioration of heat stress induced disturbances of the antioxidant defense system in broilers
April 2010
A comparative study on antistressor and antioxidative effects of synthetic vitamin C and polyherbal feed premix supplementation in broilers was conducted during the summer months of June-July when the mean temperature-humidity index was 84.74 ± 2.51. Day old broiler chicks (n = 60) were randomly divided into three groups. Control group I was given basal diet and treatment groups (II and III) were supplemented...
Isolation and identification of Staphylococcus aureus from bovine mastitic milk and their drug resistance patterns in Adama town, Ethiopia
April 2010
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2008 - April 2009 to estimate the prevalence of mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus, to assess the associated risk factors and to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern in Adama town, East Shoa, Ethiopia. From 102 markets oriented small holder dairy farms, a total of 300 lactating cows were tested for mastitis using the California Mastitis Test...
Blood profiles from wild populations of green sea turtles in Taiwan
February 2010
Blood samples were obtained from twenty seven clinically healthy by-catched green turtles (Chelonia mydas). The packed cell volume (PCV) and 14 plasma biochemistry parameters were determined from these samples. The PCV values were lower in sub-adult green turtles than in the adults while the plasma AST concentration was higher in the sub-adults than in the adults. These variations may be due to the age of the...
Effects of dietary vitamin E on daily intake, serum testosterone and epididymal sperm quality in Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to heat stress
February 2010
This study examined the effects of vitamin E on daily intake, serum testosterone levels, and epididymal sperm quality in heat stressed male rats. Rats were heat stressed (HS; 35°C) or housed at room temperature (control; 24°C) for 20 days and offered one of the following dietary vitamin E concentrations: 42 (low), 242 (med-low), 2,042 (med-high), or 20,042 (high) IU/kg diet. On day 21, rats were...
Serological survey of etiological agents associated with abortion in two Algerian dairy cattle breeding farms
January 2010
In Algeria, there is a lack of information about the frequency and etiology of abortions in breeding cattle. In order to improve this situation, we sent a questionnaire to veterinary practitioners, and followed it up with a serological survey on two dairy farms (A and B) that had reported abortions. The serological survey was undertaken to detect the main abortive agents with particular emphasis on Neospora...
Situs inversus totalis in a wistar albino rat
January 2010
Situs inversus totalis is a rare congenital condition in which the major organs are reversed in relation to their normal position. A 12-weeks-old Wistar albino rat that had no clinical signs of disease was examined macroscopically. It was observed that the location of the heart, liver, spleen and stomach was the opposite of their normal position and that the aorta and caudal vena cava were in a reverse orientation to...
Comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine against experimentally induced colibacillosis in broiler chicks
August 2009
This study sought to determine comparative efficacy of doxycycline and flumequine for the treatment of colibacillosis, which is an acute septicaemic disease caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli. This disease has illness coming on in the range widely, death rate is relatively high and some are up to more than 30%, have caused the enormous economic losses. The birds were infected...
Protective efficacy of commercial live vaccines against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) in Ghana
August 2009
In spite of the intensive and varied vaccination procedures to control Infectious Bursa Disease (IBD), the emergence of a very virulent (vv) IBD pathotype in Ghana has led to high economic losses in the poultry industry. The potencies of two live intermediate IBD vaccine strains (TAD and Nobilis D78) and an intermediate-plus (hot) vaccine strain (228E) used in Ghana were evaluated by challenging Specific...
A rapid method for testing the efficacy of teat dip formulations as bactericidal agents for the control of bovine mastitis
July 2009
A nylon membrane-based filter technique was developed to evaluate the bactericidal efficacy of mastitis control teat dip products. Using this method, we were able to determine that this protocol was both a rapid and effective method for evaluating the efficacy of our iodine- and bronopol-containing teat dips against a variety of mastitis-causing strains of bacteria such as E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, S....
Seroprevalence of foot and mouth disease in Bench Maji zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
July 2009
A cross-sectional sero-epidemological study was conducted in two districts of the Bench Maji Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia between November 2007 and February 2008 with the objective of determining the seroprevalence of Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) in cattle and identifying the potential risk factors associated with the disease. Sera samples were collected from a total of 273 cattle in 98 herds. The sera were...
Toxicological assessment of Cryptolepis sanguinolenta for possible use in veterinary medicine
July 2009
Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity assessment of the aqueous root extract ofCryptolepis sanguinolenta was studied in Sprague Dawley rats for possible use as animal medication. The extract (250 - 3000 mg/kg, p.o) was administered daily for a period of 72 h and (500 - 2000 mg/kg, p.o) for 14 days for acute and sub-acute studies respectively. Acute administration of the extract did not produce any...
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