Gross pathological changes in the reproductive tracts of cows slaughtered at two abattoirs in Southern Ethiopia
February 2013
Abattoir based study was conducted to assess the type and prevalence of reproductive abnormalities and pregnancy status of cows slaughtered at Hawassa municipality abattoir and Tula slaughter house. Out of the 345 genital tracts examined, one or two gross abnormalities with different degrees of severity were observed in 124 (35.9%) of genital tract. The most common abnormalities encountered were ovariobursal adhesions...
Occurrences and financial significance of bovine cystic echinococcosis in Southern Wollo, Northeastern Ethiopia
February 2013
The study was carried out in Kombolcha ELFORA Industrial Abattoir to assess the current status and economic importance of bovine hydatidosis. Hyatid cyst count, characterization and economic loss assessment were conducted out of a total of 535 cattles slaughtered in Kombolcha ELFORA Industrial Abattoir. 93 (17.4%) animals were found harboring hydatid cysts. Thorough meat inspection in the abattoir revealed that 101...
Molecular detection of canine parvovirus in Jos, Nigeria
February 2013
Canine parvovirus (CPV) remains the most significant viral cause of enteritis in puppies over the age of two months. This study was meant to detect the virus by targeting the VP2 gene, a 583 bp gene (nucleotide 4003 to 4585) of the capsid protein. The detection of the virus was carried out by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on one hundred and nine samples. Seventy five of these were rectal swabs while...
Prevalence and economic importance of liver parasites: Hydatid Cyst, Fasciola species and Cysticercus tenuicolis in sheep and goats slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoir enterprise in Ethiopia
January 2013
This research was designed to determine the prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis,Fasciola and Hydatid cyst and to estimate the magnitude of the direct financial losses attributed to the condemned liver of sheep and goats slaughtered in the abattoir. Ante-mortem examination was done to determine the origin and age of animals slaughtered. Post-mortem inspection was conducted on a total of 1152 animals...
Hepatoprotective effect of Phyllanthus niruri aqueous extract in acetaminophen sub-acutec exposure rabbits
January 2013
The hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri was evaluated in an acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity study using 24 male rabbits of the New Zealand White breed. The rabbits were randomly divided into six groups of 4 rabbits each. Group I served as a negative control group and was given only distilled water. Group II received only acetaminophen at 300 mg/kg. Groups III, IV and V...
Prevalence of Listeria species in retail quail products from Isfahan, Iran
January 2013
Listeria species are Gram positive, short, non sporing rods, microaerophilic. Of the six species currently recognized, Listeria monocytogenes is the most important as it causes a range of infections in humans and animals. This study was undertaken to determine the occurrence of Listeria spp. in retail quail products in Isfahan, Iran. A total of 150 samples of meat, liver,...
Gastrointestinal helminthes of dogs and owners’ perception of dogs parasitic zoonoses in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia
January 2013
The prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes in dogs was investigated by faecal examination from 860 dogs employing direct smear, simple flotation and sedimentation techniques. A structured questionnaire was also completed by 476 owners to assess the public awareness of zoonotic helminthes transmitted by dogs. Of the 860 dogs examined 768 (89.3%) were found to be positive for different types of helminth eggs. The...
Comparison of reverse line blot and β-tubulin targeted nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in the detection of Theileria and Babesia piroplasms in cattle in Uganda
January 2013
Three hundred (300) blood samples from apparently healthy cattle were collected in areas around Lake Mburo National Park in Western Uganda. These were used in the comparison of the sensitivity and specificity of reverse line blot (RLB) and β-tubulin targeted nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the detection of tick-borne piroplasms in cattle. The sensitivity of RLB technique for the detection...
Effect of the periparturient period on blood free amino acid concentration in dairy cows/healthy cows
December 2012
A negative energy balance (NEB) attributed to sugar and lipid metabolic disorders are common in periparturient cows. The relationship between periparturient disorders and amino acid metabolism is unclear. The present study was aimed to observe the kinetics of blood free amino acids healthy periparturient cows simultaneously with the concentrations of biochemical constituents in plasma. The changes in the concentrations...
Effect of adding arginine in different concentrations on some physical properties of poor motile bull sperms during different months
December 2012
In order to investigate the effect of adding arginine on poor motile bull sperms, this study was conducted in Artificial Insemination Center, Iraq, from December, 2008 to July, 2009. 114 ejaculates with poor motile sperms estimated (30 to 55%) were collected by artificial vagina (AV) from 10 Holstein bulls and extended with Tris-yolk-fructose extender supplemented with different concentrations of arginine (0, 0.002,...
The effects of vaccination, antibiotic and vitamin therapy on some clinical parameters associated with natural outbreak of fowlpox in chickens
December 2012
The management of field outbreak of fowlpox in chickens was studied in a batch of 1050, five weeks old white cockerels. Post infection or emergency vaccination and the oral administration of antibiotics, and vitamins were investigated on how they can reduce the clinical parameter associated with fowl pox infections in chickens. Natural outbreak of fowlpox was observed in the birds at the age of five weeks and clinical...
Spatial distribution of tsetse flies in the Blue Nile State, Sudan
December 2012
The present study was carried out to spot the limit of tsetse fly belt in the Blue Nile State as the consecutive ecological changes tend to create significant modification in tsetse distribution. The survey was carried out for three weeks during March, 2011. Traps were placed in various vegetation types assumed to possibly harbor tsetse flies and were placed 200 m for three days at each site and harvested after 24 h....
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha signaling: Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent angiogenesis during ovarian corpus luteum development in mammals
November 2012
The corpus luteum (CL) is a temporary endocrine structure in mammals, which is the site of intense capillary network (angiogenesis). The angiogenesis is a process of vascular growth that is mainly limited to the reproductive system in healthy adult animals, which enables the hormone-producing cells to obtain the oxygen, nutrients and also precursors necessary to synthesize and release different hormones essential for...
Study on ovine fasciolosis: Prevalence and associated risk factors in North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia
November 2012
A cross sectional study was conducted from November to April, 2011 in three districts (Gondar town, Gondar Zuria, and Dembia) of North Gondar Administrative Zone (NGAZ). The objectives of the study, were to determine the prevalence ovine fasciolosis and to asses risk factors associated with fasciolosis in sheep. Coprological examinations, was used to collect fresh fecal samples directly from live sheep during the study...
Prevalence and public health significance of ovine hydatidosis in Bahir Dar Town, Ethiopia
November 2012
Both cross-sectional and retrospective studies were conducted from October 2010 to April 2011 in Bahir Dar municipal abattoir and Azewa hotel to determine the prevalence and public health importance of hydatidosis in sheep. Hydatid cyst characterization was conducted based on routine meat inspection. Of the total of 400 sheeps examined by thorough meat inspection in Bahir Dar municipal abattoir and Azewa hotel, it was...
Study on prevalence of bovine mastitis and its major causative agents in West Harerghe zone, Doba district, Ethiopia
November 2012
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Doba district, West Harerghe, Eastern Oromiya State, Ethiopia from November 2010 to April 2011 with the aim of determining prevalence of mastitis in Zebu cows and to identify associated risk factors and major etiological agents. A total of 384 lactating Zebu cows were included in this study and out of these, 89 (23.18%) were found to be reactive by California mastitis test...
Study on coprological prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in and around Woreta, Northwestern Ethiopia
October 2012
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2009 to March, 2010 to determine the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in and around Woreta, Northwestern Ethiopia. A total of 384 fecal samples were examined and 159 (41.41%) were found to be positive for fasciolosis. Sex, age, peasant associations and breed were taken into consideration where 40 and 42.25% prevalence were recorded for young and adult animals,...
Seroprevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia in Dire Dawa provisional administrative council, Eastern Ethiopia
October 2012
A cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Dire Dawa Provisional Administrative Council (DDPAC) from November, 2011 to March, 2012 to determine the seroprevalence of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) and to assess risk factors associated with seropositivity. In this study, 244 sera were collected from goats and subjected to complement fixation test. Out of the total sera tested, 12 (4.92%) were positive...
Cystic hydatidosis in Ethiopia: A review
September 2012
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a cestode infection caused by the larval stage ofEchinocococcus granulosus. It is an important zoonoses, as humans get infected by ingesting eggs passed in the feces of dogs, and important cause of economic loss mainly due to organ condemnation and reducing the quality of meat, milk and wool production. Hydatidosis is prevalent in cattle and small ruminant population of Ethiopia in a range...
Prevalence of cattle tick infestation in and around Haramaya district, Eastern Ethiopia
September 2012
We conducted a survey to determine the prevalence of hard ticks, their predilection sites and relation to breed, sex, and age group of animals. Cattle coming to clinic from different localities found in Haramaya district were selected by systematic random sampling technique and then examined for tick infestation. A total of 560 animals were examined of which 186 (33.21%) were found infested with one or more ticks....
Economical and managerial analysis of effective managerial strategies for the prevention of milk fever in transition period in commercial dairy farms
August 2012
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of managerial strategies for the prevention of milk fever in transition period in Shahroud commercial dairy farms. For this purpose, all required information were collected by preparing a questionnaire. Relevant questions about applying managerial strategies for the prevention of milk fever in transition period were inserted in first part. These strategies...
Ticks and mange mites infesting camels of Boran pastoral areas and the associated risk factors, southern Ethiopia
August 2012
A cross-sectional study was conducted on selected camel herds of Borana lowland, southern Ethiopia. From a total of 560 camels examined, 97.7 and 25.9% were found infested with ticks of various species and Sarcoptes species. A total of 4636 adult tick species were collected from half-body regions of selected camels. The tick species identified and their relative abundance were as follows: Rhipicephalus...
A survey on helminth parasites of dogs in Benin city, Edo State, Nigeria
May 2012
Dogs are the most common pet animals worldwide. A study of the gastrointestinal helminth parasites of dogs (Canis familiaris) in three veterinary clinics in Benin City, Nigeria, was conducted between June and December 2010. Faecal samples collected from 150 dogs were processed by floatation and direct faecal smear methods, and then examined for helminth eggs. Coprological examination revealed that 28.0% of the dogs...
Seroprevalence of small ruminant brucellosis and its public health awareness in selected sites of Dire Dawa region, Eastern Ethiopia
May 2012
Between November 2010 and April 2011, a serological study was conducted on small ruminants to determine the prevalence of brucellosis and factors affecting its frequency in these animals. Out of 384 sheep and goats sera tested using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT), 36 (9.38%) reacted positively using RBPT. Of these reactant sera, 35 also tested positive using CFT, giving an overall...
Posterior paresis in pregnant gilts experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei
April 2012
The effect of Trypanosoma brucei infection on reproductive efficiency in gilts (n=12) was conducted. The gilts were bought as piglets aged eight weeks from piggeries in Samaru village in Zaria, Nigeria. On attaining puberty, the gilts were divided into experimental and control groups, each group containing six animals. All the gilts were subsequently bred by fertile boars and they were confirmed pregnant. The...
Prevalence study of bovine trypanosomosis and tsetse density in selected villages of Arbaminch, Ethiopia
April 2012
A cross-sectional study was carried out with aimed at determining the prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis and apparent tsetse density in two selected villages of Arba Minch Woreda, from November, 2009 to April, 2010. Blood samples were collected from 384 randomly selected cattle to detect the prevalence of trypanosomes using buffy coat method. The overall infection rate 4.43% (N=17) was recorded. The cattle are...
Prevalence and financial loss estimation of hydatidosis of cattle slaughtered at Addis Ababa abattoirs enterprise
April 2012
The study was undertaken from November, 2009 to April, 2010, at Addis Ababa Abattoir Enterprise with the aim of determining the prevalence of bovine hydatidosis and to have realistic estimate of the financial loss attributed to organ condemnation as a result of hydatidosis disease. Of the 484 examined animals, 196 (40.5%) harbored hydatid cysts. Observation during the survey period also revealed that the infection rate...
Helminthosis of sheep and goats in and around Haramaya, Southeastern Ethiopia
April 2012
A cross-sectional study was carried out in sheep and goats kept under extensive management system in and around Haramaya, Southeastern Ethiopia, during the period from July 2010 to June 2011 with the aim of determining the prevalence, and the status of gastrointestinal (GIT) helminthosis and the risk factors associated with it. For this purpose 768 fecal samples were collected from 384 sheep and 384 goats....
A prevalence study of internal parasites infecting Boer goats at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia
March 2012
This study determined the prevalence and intensity of internal parasites infecting pure- and cross-bred Boer goats, and to determine the risk factors associated with the parasites at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. The study covered five months from November 2009 to March 2010. During this period, faecal samples from 192 goats (104 pure Boer goats and 88 cross-bred goats) were examined using several...
Studies on farmer awareness on caprine abortion and the presence of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in selected flocks in an arid zone of Nigeria
March 2012
A survey was conducted to evaluate farmer’s awareness on caprine abortion and the occurrence of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis in flocks in the arid zone of Nigeria. The survey revealed that 80% of the flocks studied had a mean kidding rate of 3 per 2 years, while 19% had a rate of 1 per year. The result also showed that 47% of the farmers use deep burial, 11% discards aborted...
Population dynamics of cattle ectoparasites in Western Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia
March 2012
Skin diseases are one of the major causes of considerable economic loss from defective skin and hide export. Skin diseases caused by lice, ticks and mange mites, are among the major diseases of cattle causing serious economic loss to the farmer, the tanning industry and the country as a whole. The study was carried out from November 2009 to June 2010 to determine ectoparasites infestations and diversity in Awi zone,...
Identification of tick species and their preferred site on cattle’s body in and around Mizan Teferi, Southwestern Ethiopia
February 2012
A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify tick species and their preferred sites on cattle’s body in and around Mizan Teferi, Southwestern Ethiopia. Three hundred seventy five cows were brought to Mizan Teferi Gacheb veterinary clinic during the study period from areas where mixed crop-livestock farming is the dominant production system. Out the total number of the animals brought to clinic, 272 animals...
Prevalence, gross pathological lesions and economic losses of bovine fasciolosis at Jimma Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
February 2012
This study reports the prevalence of fasciolosis in slaughtered cattle at abattoirs of Ethiopia. A total of 761 cattle were randomly sampled and examined after slaughter of which 407 (53.48%) were positive for fasiolosis. Depending on the degree of pathological lesions, 110 (27.03%), 220 (54.05%), and 77 (18.92%), were lightly, moderately and severely affected respectively. There was a...
Serological and molecular study of Newcastle disease virus circulating in village chickens of Fars province, Iran
December 2011
The epidemiology of circulating Newcastle disease virus in village chickens, using hemagglutination inhibition, RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR was conducted by using systematic random sampling design for collection of samples. Total 1050 sera samples and 1820 tracheal and cloacal swabs were tested from chickens in 21 villages in Fars province, Iran. Samples were collected in January and February 2010. Hemagglutination...
Potentials of essential oils and plant extracts as bio-antimicrobials on Gram-negative indicator bacterial pathogens of poultry origin
December 2011
Increasing antibiotic resistance of veterinary importance is of global health significance and concerns, due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria originating from animals; therefore, easily obtainable and cheap alternatives to antibiotic use in prophylaxis and also as growth promoters are imperative. Antibiotic resistance of 73 and 51 gram-negative, indicator bacterial strains isolated from 68 crop and 51 gizzard contents...
Morphological studies of the appendicular skeleton of the African giant pouched rat (Cricetomys gambianus) Part (i) pectoral limb
November 2011
The pectoral limb of the African giant rat (Cricetomys gambianus) was studied using 12 adult rats of both sexes. Characteristics of the bones were studied by gross observation after preparation. Measurements of manus and pectoral limb (articulated) were also taken. The bones of the pectoral limb were found to be generally similar in both structure and number to other rodent species. Variation came only in the size of...
Morphological studies of the appendicular skeleton of the African giant pouched rat (Cricetomysgambianus) part (ii) pelvic limb
November 2011
The pelvic limb of the African giant pouched rat (Cricetomysgambianus) was studied using 12 adult rats of both sexes. Characteristics of the bones were studied by gross observation after preparation. Measurement of different segments of the Pelvic limb (articulated) was also taken. The bones of the pelvic limb were found to be generally similar in both structure and number to other rodent species that has been studied....
Influence of pregnancy and lactation on the parasitological and clinico-pathological responses of out-bred albino mice to Heligmosomoides bakeri infection administered at different trimesters of pregnancy
November 2011
Influence of pregnancy and lactation on the parasitological and some clinico-pathological responses of out-bred albino mice to single doses of Heligmosomoides bakeri (H.b) were studied. Fifty six pregnant and ten non-pregnant mice were used for the study. The pregnant mice were either infected in the first, second or third trimester depending on the experimental group and were either allowed to suckle or not following...
Management of surgical wounds using crude neem oil in one year old ram: A successful report
October 2011
Wound healing effect of crude neem (Azadirachta indica Juss) oil, processed locally from the seed kernel was assessed on septic surgical wound in a one year old Uda ram. A wound approximately 7 cm in diameter created as a result of surgical drainage of abscess on the left caudal part of the elbow joint was flushed with the crude neem oil. A single application of the crude neem oil to the sutured wound resulted in a...
Use of formalin and modified gravity-feed embalming technique in veterinary anatomy dissection and practicals
October 2011
Gravity feed embalming technique was used to preserve cadavers for teaching of gross anatomy and practicals. Six white Fulani cattle were used. The gravity feed technique was employed to embalm through the right common carotid artery. The right external jugular vein was used to drain blood from the vascular system concurrently. Complete embalming was achieved in about 10 h using an embalming fluid constituted of a...
On-farm diagnosis of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia in nomadic herds using latex agglutination test (LAT)
September 2011
Three outbreaks of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in Kafur Local Government Area of Katsina State, involving a total of 250 animals were reported. All the animals were examined thoroughly and based on the clinical signs exhibited, 120 (group A, n= 51, B, n=29 and C, n=40) animals were selected for latex agglutination test (LAT), using serum from each of the animal. The results indicate infection rates of 11.8%...
A study on the prevalence, distribution and economic importance of Cysticercus tenuicollis in visceral organs of small ruminants slaughtered at an abattoir in Ethiopia
September 2011
This study reports on detection and prevalence of Cysticercus tenuicollis in slaughtered sheep and goats at abattoirs of Ethiopia. A total of 1152 sheep and goats (576 sheep and 576 goats) were randomly sampled and examined postmortem after slaughter for presence of C. tenuicollis in the visceral organs of the animals using standard meat inspection procedures. Out of 1152 animals examined 127 livers...
Hepatoprotective activity of Solanum nigrum extracts on chemically induced liver damage in rats
August 2011
The hepatoprotective effects of Solanum nigrum water and methanolic extracts were studied in rats injected with 0.2 ml/kg carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 10 consecutive days. S. nigrum water extract (250 to 500 mg/kg) was administered to rats injected with CCl4 for 10 days. The water extracts showed a hepatoprotective effect against CCl4-induced liver damage, which was evident by the decrease in...
Therapeutic effects of Tephrosia vogelii ointment in the treatment of bovine dermatophilosis
August 2011
The therapeutic effect of a cream ointment prepared from the leaves of Tephrosia vogelii Hook F., was tested for the treatment of bovine dermatophilosis in four local cows of the Sokoto Gudali breed and two 50% Holstein Friesian crosses in Jos, Plateau State Nigeria. All the selected animals used in this study were naturally infected by the Dermatophilus congolensis organism. The selected animals all...
Serologic detection of Avian influenza H5 antibodies using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
August 2011
A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for Avian influenza (AI) H5 specific antibody detection was previously developed. In this study, additional serum samples from infected and vaccinated birds were tested and the results were compared to other serological tests. Using the samples from experimentally infected chickens, the H5 cELISA was shown to be comparable to other serological assays. Using...
Bovine colostrum: A veterinary nutraceutical
July 2011
A total of 116 adult frogs were captured from Moniya area of Ibadan and University of Ibadan Fish Farm, Oyo State of Nigeria between 31st March and 8th June 2009 and investigated for blood parasites by microscopic examination of stained blood films. Some haematological parameters were estimated. The mean packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet count, mean cell volume, mean cell...
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in farm animals (camels, cattle, and sheep) in Sudan
July 2011
Infection with Toxoplasma gondii in human was increased in last years in Sudan particularly, in pregnant women. The infection may lead to devastating consequences to newborns therefore, the present study, designed to study the role of domestic animals in transmission of the disease to human. Serum samples from 200 cattle, sheep, and lactating camels from Khartoum State, Sudan were researched for T....
The effects of diabetes mellitus on the pathogenicity of trypanosomosis in rats
July 2011
Alloxan monohydrate was used to induce diabetes in rats, and then followed post infection with Trypanosoma congolense and Trypanosoma brucei to determine the impact of diabetes on the course of trypanosome infection. Significant (P<0.05) hyperglycaemia occurred in the alloxan treated rats starting on day seven to the end of the experiment. Trypanosome infection did not affect the glycaemic status...
Haematology and prevalence of blood parasites of the common frog (Rana temporaria) in the tropical environment
June 2011
A total of 116 adult frogs were captured from Moniya area of Ibadan and University of Ibadan fish farm, Oyo State of Nigeria between 31st March and 8th June 2009 and investigated for blood parasites by microscopic examination of stained blood films. Some haematological parameters were estimated. The mean packed cell volume, haemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelet count, mean cell volume, mean cell...
A cross-sectional study of equine trypanosomosis and its vectors in Wolayta zone, Southern Ethiopia
June 2011
A study was conducted between October 2008 and April 2009 in Humbo, Kindo Koysha and Sodo Zuria districts (southern Ethiopia) to investigate the infection by trypanosomes in equines and the fly vectors present in these areas. A total of 214 donkeys, 20 horses and 60 mules were examined by a dark ground/phase contrast buffy coat technique and microscopy of blood smears. Trypanosomes were observed in 10.7% of the donkeys...
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