Enhancing Maize Yield in Ethiopia a Meta-Analysis
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Accurate nitrogen (N) fertilization and optimum plant density increases crop yields. In this study I report the effects of N fertilization rate and plant density on maize yield a meta-analysis, by using observations from 15 studies conducted in Ethiopia since the 2000s for possible refinement of N fertilizer and plant density recommendations. I assessed the response of maize to: different N rates ha?1 compared to the...
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The study determined farmers’ perception on e-extension as means of technology dissemination among crop farmers in Oyo state, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 210 farmers. Primary data was obtained using structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The result revealed that the e-extension available to farmers in the study area was mobile phone (x? = 0.91)...
Impact of Human Wildlife Conflicts on wildlife conservation in southwest Ethiopia
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The south western part of Ethiopia is the biodiversity hotspot of the country but the rising conflict between wildlife and human beings due to crop raiding has become a serious problem for wildlife conservation. The objective of this paper was to review the impact of crop raiding by wild animals on conservation in southwest Ethiopia. To write this paper I was surveyed different published and unpublished journal articles,...
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Onion (Allium cepa) is one of the most important vegetables grown for its nutritional and medicinal values. However, it is highly exposed to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) which can cause severe yield loss in vulnerable varieties. A study was carried out at the Bindura University Farm Teaching Unit to evaluate the susceptibility/tolerance of ten commonly-grown Zimbabwean onion varieties to thrips infestation. The trial was...
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Maize (Zea mays L., 2n=20) is the first productive and sources of food in Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, mainly at Metekel zone. However striga weed, improved varieties and certified seed access are the major challenges. Therefore the objectives of this study were: to evaluate the agronomic performance of maize hybrids depend on different genetic parameters, genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation,...
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Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) is an invasive insect pest and a major maize production bottleneck since 2016 in Ethiopia. A field experiment was undertaken in 2019/20 at Werer Agricultural Center to assess the effectiveness and economics of handpicking against S. frugiperda management on maize at Middle-Awash, Ethiopia. The treatments consisted of nine laid out into a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and...
Performance evaluation and identification of highland quality protein maize hybrids in Ethiopia
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Hybrid development from fixed inbred lines is one of the strategies for the improvement of maize production. Forty-two Quality Protein Maize (QPM) crosses along with three popular standard hybrids checks were evaluated in two replications using alpha lattice during the 2017 cropping season at three locations. The study aimed to evaluate and select the best new QPM hybrids for grain yield, and other traits. Significant...
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Evaluation of pepper genotypes for green pod purpose was carried out at Melkassa, Wonji and Fogera in 2018, 2019 and 2020 with the objective of identifying genotype by environment interaction and select elite lines of pepper from the genotypes. The data was subjected to analysis of variance, and means were obtained to perform the GGE-Biplot analysis. The graphic results showed variation in the performance of the genotypes...
Crop raiding and Attitude of local peoples towards wildlife conservation in Southwest, Ethiopia.
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Crop loss can undermine human welfare, conservation efforts and have an economic and social cost. This study was conducted to assess crop raiding and attitudes of farmers towards wildlife conservation along distance gradient from the forest edge, to surrounding the agricultural landscape of Yayu coffee forest biosphere reserve, south west Ethiopia. To conduct the data a total of thirty transects each 1km...
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Since the era of the monetary economy, monetary resources became a mandatory asset to cover various needs. Regarding the family farms, their needs can be grouped into two main categories: the needs as a family and those as a production unit. In Madagascar, for family farms, generating monetary resources remains a challenge due to various difficulties to link the agricultural outputs to the market. However, family farms...
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The variability in Agro-morphological and morphometric of 30 pigeon pea genotypes in two environments using seed image analysis was investigated. The experimental seeds were sourced from IITA, and IAR&T, Ibadan, Nigeria. An EPSON scanner was connected to a computer device to acquire an image of the seeds and the Regent instrument was used for the image analysis. For every replication, hundred seeds were placed on the...
Rice productivity and land ownership among rice farmers in Nigeria
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Access to land is a critical issue in agriculture production in developing countries; it affects farmers’ productivity and the adoption of improved agricultural technologies. Using a multi-stage random sampling technique this paper examines productivity and land ownership among rice farmers in two Nigerian states. Descriptive statistics, total factor productivity, and Multinomial Regression Model were employed. The result...
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Soybean is an economically important crop that provides oil and high-quality protein. In Burkina Faso, soybean is one of the promising crops identified in the framework of the strategy for the development of agricultural sectors. However, very few improved varieties have been developed. The identification of newly improved varieties with high agronomic potential and adapted to the climatic conditions will strengthen...
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Tree seeds of Milicia excelsa and Terminalia ivorensis always have seed germination difficulties. The main objective of this experiment is to study the seed germination of M. excelsa and T. ivorensis. In this study, a total of 1000 seeds of M. excelsa were tested using 9 pre-sowing treatments. On the other hand, a total of 300 seeds of T. ivorensis were tested using 2 pre-sowing treatments. Both tests were conducted at...
Economically Important of Sesame Insect Pests, Biology, Yield Damage, and Practice Management
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The current status of sesame insect pests in Ethiopia is reviewed. Sesame webworm, Antigastra catalaunali is the most common insect pest of sesame from seedling to harvest, causing a significant a seed yield loss. The pest life cycle took 24.13-25.99 days to complete. sesame seed bug, Elasmolmus sordidus the most serious pre-and post-harvest pest to sesame which causes a big weight loss during harvesting and threshing. In...
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A laboratory investigation to evaluate the use of Ocimum gratissimum, essential oil to control the development of Formicococcus njalensis, the main vector of Cocoa Swollen shoot virus (CSSV) in West Africa was conducted. Commercial biopesticides (Squad, Agriphy, Mycotal and Banole), the essential oil of O. gratissimum obtained by hydrodistillation were compared at the concentration of 0 µl.l-1; 1000 µl.l-1; 2000 µl.l-1...
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Non-availability of water during important growth stages is a major constraint reducing common bean productivity worldwide. Measures to develop water stress tolerance are hampered by inconsistent correlations and various mechanisms involved to screen many lines within stipulated time. Canopy temperature depression (CTD) has been recognized as an indicator of overall plant water status and speeds up the selection of plants...
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The study investigates the impact of foreign aid on agricultural research in Ethiopia for the period covering 2011-2020. The study revealed that donors’ allocations accounted for an average of 23% of the total funding received by the institute in 2020 in the form of loans and grants. The donor investment in agricultural research has been declining and has experienced negative growth rates over the past 5 years from 33% in...
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Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important tuber crops produced in Ethiopia. However, production and productivity of the crop is far below the world average due to poor crop, soil fertility and water management practices. An experiment was therefore conducted to study the effect of different Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) levels on growth, yield and quality of potato. Treatments consisted of four levels of...
Potential of aqueous neem extract for Thaumastocoris peregrinus control.
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Eucalyptus cultivation has undergone great expansion in recent years due to the increase in commercial production of this wood for the paper, cellulose and steel industries. One of the main factors responsible for production losses is insect attack. The main insect that acts as a pest, devastating eucalyptus plantations is Thaumastocoris peregrinus, being controlled through the application of synthetic insecticides. The...
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This study identified the challenges of youth entrepreneurial skills development in agriculture-base livelihoods among rural families in Ethiope East Local Government Area of Delta State, Nigeria. Two-stage sampling procedure was used to select sample for the study. Data were collected with the use of questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistical tools. Results showed that the major non-agro based livelihood...
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The effects and applicability of conservation agriculture in different farming contexts are highly contested. Yet, there has been limited attempt to adapt the conservation agriculture system to the conditions of resource-poor farmers, focusing primarily on the existing farmers’ capacity and objective to practice conservation agriculture. The study assessed the factors that influence adoption and dis-adoption of...
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Globally, there is almost no comparison to the food losses and wastes recorded for fruits. With the Covid-19 pandemic necessitating that countries look inwards to combat hunger and improve food securitythrough proactive prevention of postharvest losses. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) of Aspergillus, Alternaria and Penicillium were tested for their preservative abilities using Agar well diffusion assay, on one hand, and...
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The most important prerequisite in crop improvement is the selection of suitable parents, which could combine well and produce desirable hybrids. However, narrow genetic base, lack of potential hybrids and lack of information on the genetic components are the most important limiting factors for sorghum yield improvement. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate the combining abilities and heterosis for yield...
Agrobiological characteristic and potential of Bulgarian pea varieties
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An agrobiological characteristic and capacity for green mass and seed production from Bulgarian pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties and a breeding line both created at the Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (IPRG) – Sadovo has been carried out for fifteen years. The choice of varieties is based on their qualities such as early productivity and winter resistance. The pea yield, green mass, the yield of crude protein (kg/...
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Field experiment was conducted on two locations Goldia and Kure at South Omo Zone, in the SNNP, region Ethiopia, during the main cropping season from June–November, 2020 G.C for evaluating agronomic and symbiotic performance of field pea varieties in response to Rhizobial inoculant and N-fertilization under field conditions of South Omo highlands of Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out by RCBD factorial design comprising...
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Spatial and temporal variability of irrigation requirement play an important role in crop growth and yield in agricultural systems. Due to erratic rainfall, irrigation water management are critical for sugar cane cultivation, a raw material for sugar production. But irrigation requirement depends on the soil type, climatic condition, and topography and in this regard, there is a limitation in the Arjo-Dedessa sugar factory...
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Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most important vegetables in the world and its demand has increased and so factors affecting its production are key for evaluation. The yields of tomato in Ghana are low and supplemented by imports from neighbouring countries. This study investigated the effects of deficit drip irrigation and mulch on reproductive and yield traits of two tomato varieties. The experiment was...
Availability and Utilization of Livestock Feed Resources in Ethiopia: A review
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Livestock feed resources include natural pasture, crop leftovers, enhanced forage, hay, industrial by-products, and other feeds. Natural pasture is the predominant feed resource in Ethiopia during the wet season, whereas agricultural leftovers are significant during the dry season. Natural pasture makes up around a quarter of the country's total land area. However, due to seasonal changes in rainfall, poor grazing field...
Evaluation of the Parasites Associated with Talinum fruticosum
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The intestinal parasitic quality of fresh commercial waterleaf (Talinum fruticosum) from Amai was investigated. A total of 30 fresh Talinum fruticosum (waterleaf) leaves was sourced from Amai central market and transported to the laboratory for examination. The leaves were washed in normal saline before centrifuging the saline for microscopic examination. The results obtained showed that the majority of the vegetables...
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Study was performed at lower Wabishebele sub-basin in Somali region south eastern Ethiopia to analyze the land use and cover and spatial variability of soil chemical properties of the sub-basin and develop soil map. A total of 41 soil samples were collected from 0-30 cm depth and analyzed for; pH Total Nitrogen (TN), Available Phosphorus (AP), and Exchangeable Potassium (EK). The data was analyzed through descriptive...
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Early and late leaf spots caused by Cercospora arachidicola and Phaeoisariopsis personata respectively, are the most widespread peanut fungal diseases in West Africa. These diseases lead to notable crop losses in the rural area. In the recent decades, chemical fungicides are used to fight against crop losses, but these chemical substances cause big damages to the environment including the animals and human beings. Thus,...
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Our study aims to evaluate the phenotype of nine genotypes of rice, during two consecutive seasons, in plots of rice farmers in irrigated plains Kou valley and Di. We implanted a Fisher block with three replicates at both of these sites on plots that had previously been shown to have a high incidence of BLS. The incidence, severity, growth rate of the disease, and the average yield of the different genotypes tested were...
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A reliable soil data play vital role in understanding the soil environment and its services. Therefore, a study was conducted to understand their physico-chemical and morphological properties of the soils and characterize, classify and map them. Three slope categories were considered and nineteen (19) representative opened pits (Pedons) in each slope was described according to WRB (2014), and then soil from horizons of...
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Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is among the major grain legumes cultivated and used extensively as a break crop in the highlands. However, production is insufficient because crop yields are low. After all, lack of improved and farmers preferred varieties. Therefore, it is a vital issue to identify and select the best performing varieties to enhance faba bean yield. The study was conducted with aim of identifying and selecting...
Presence of metals in farmland edible termites in Mazabuka District, Zambia.
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Edible termites have played an important role in the history of human nutrition due to their nutritional value. Despite their nutritional body content, it is known that during their termitarium construction, termites accumulate metals in their bodies. This study examined the heavy metal content in selected edible termites for food safety. The household survey was carried out in 8 camps of Magoye and Stateland farming...
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This paper aims to investigate the determinants of smallholder farmers’ rust resistant wheat adoption and impact on productivity and commercialization level. Based on the double hurdle model to identify the determinants of adoption of rust resistant wheat varieties, the study obtained sex of household head, active family size, farming experience, market (output) distance and location variable were important variables in...
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The whole world has concluded in this chaotic and confusing world that doing any activity with the wisdom of achieving great heights is only possible through following a systematic approach, i.e. management principles. In the recent past, management principles are gaining a lot of importance for obvious reasons. In the VUCA world, the job of decision-makers is more trivial than before irrespective of any field. With this...
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Sorghum has innate tolerance for drought, yet when it encounters terminal drought stress owing to reduction in soil moisture, at time of booting, causes reduction in yield and associated traits. The current study was conducted to evaluate two populations (recombinant inbred line and a reference set population) in treatment plots by inducing stress at booting stage and withholding irrigation against control plots. The...
Traditional processing and quality attributes of Dambou, a steamed coarse Semolina
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Dambou is a traditional cereal-based food consumed in northern Benin. The traditional production method, marketing and consumption of Dambou were evaluated through a field investigation. A semi-structured questionnaire composed of socio-cultural profile of the stakeholders, nature of raw materials and processing methods used in Dambou production, quality attributes and consumption forms of Dambou was administrated to...
Analysis of yam value chain in Kwara State,
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The development of dynamic agricultural value chains has been acknowledged to offer considerable scope in improving the livelihood of the value chain players. This study analyzed the profitability and marketing margins obtained by actors at various nodes of the yam value chain; and examined the organizations of the value chain, linkages among the key actors as well as the challenges faced by actors in the value chain in...
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Livestock Production in Mwenezi District has become more susceptible to the devastating effects of climatic variability and change which are undermining expected developmental gains from the livestock value chain. Climate change and its associated impacts are increasing the intensity of livestock poverty and deaths across all forms of livestock. The study examined livestock production interventions implemented to reduce...
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The Planting for Food and Jobs programme was initiated in 2017 as a strategy to create jobs, promote food production and enhance food security in Ghana, especially among smallholder farmers. This research applies mixed research approach to explore the robustness of policy trust and food security risk on smallholder participation in the programme. Using multistage sampling, a total of 164 respondents were selected for the...
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Although "Wonderful" pomegranate has recently been cultivated in large areas of sandy soil in Egypt, it produces a low yield and quality. Soil applications of potassium humate and vinasse could effectively be used in sandy soil to enhance soil nutrient status as well as to enhance crops growth and productivity. "Wonderful" pomegranate trees at the Experimental Research Station of National Research Centre, Nubaria, El...
Status of Maintenance/Repair Servitization in the Agricultural Machinery Sector
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Servitization means the adding of value to a product offering through service, and it has become an attractive strategy through which manufacturers can increase revenues without proportionally increasing costs. This paper reviews the status of the practice with reference to the agricultural machinery sector. It describes the benefits that could accrue to equipment manufactures and/or dealerships on the one hand, and...
Effect of shocks on diversification of climate smart agriculture in Nyando, South Western Kenya.
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Africa’s socio-economic progress has been negatively influenced by climate change. The impact has largely been experienced in the agricultural sector mainly by smallholder farmers who have not only experienced food insecurity, but also economic constraints. The smallholder farmers are ignorant of agricultural and weather early warning systems. They rely on congenital techniques to cope with climatic and weather-related...
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Target of the study was to examine the socioeconomic factors and natural causes influencing the sustainable rangeland management practices of Borana. It used a quantitative approach based on a questionnaire administered to a representative sample. The researcher purposively draw three study sites grounded on the potential livestock population and access to communal rangeland holding. The research contacted 251...
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Soybean is an important legume crop which has high contents of protein, vitamins and minerals. The productivity of the soybean crop at national and particularly at study area was very low. To improve such low productivity, adoption of high yielding varieties with appropriate fertilizer application was very important. This study was tried to investigate the challenges of adoption status make variation among farmers on...
Genetic variability and Heritability of medium maturity group’s Soybean (Glycine max (L.)) Genotypes
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Field experiment was conducted to assess the extent of genetic variability and heritability in soybean genotypes for yield and its related traits. A total of thirty six soybean genotypes were evaluated using simple lattice design at Fadis eastern Ethiopia during 2018 cropping season. Data were recorded for major quantitative traits and analyzed using appropriate statistical software. Analysis of variance revealed that the...
Assessment of Adoption Rate of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Kishi, Oyo State, Nigeria
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The level of Adoption of introduced climate change adaptation strategies in Kishi, Oyo State, Nigeria was assessed in this study. The study also investigated the factors influencing the adoption rate of the technologies with a view to identify the constraints vis-a-vis suggesting solutions for improving adoption. In an attempt to carry out the said objective, data were obtained through a structured questionnaire...
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