Genetic erosion of cultivated common bean (Pharsalus vulgaris L.) landraces in South Western Kenya
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Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L.) landraces derived from local tropical germplasm and represent an important source of genetic and phenotypic diversity. This germplasm is at present poorly understood and under-exploited by Kenyan crop breeding programs besides of being threatened by diseases, pests, genetic erosion and effects of climate change. The loss of landraces results in decreased genetic base of the remaining...
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) shoots as feed for ruminants. The experiment was conducted at the Sheep Technology Centre (CTO), in the municipality of Campo Grande – MS - Brazil. Cassava variety IAC was planted on 03.05.2014, with the aerial part of cassava used as silage, hay, and in natura. The percentage of crude...
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ABSTRACT Drought and the obligate Striga root parasite are two of the most important constraints to sorghum production in the northern and north eastern parts of Ethiopia. This study assessed the field reaction of selected advanced lines under Striga hermonthica infestation condition. Twenty-two sorghum genotypes with two resistant checks (Gobiye and SRN-39) and one susceptible check (Teshale) were evaluated under Striga...
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Indiscriminate and over application of agrochemicals in agricultural practices is one of the major global threats that has resulted in reduced soil fertility and poor crop productivity. The ACC deaminase positive and phosphate solubilizing bacterial strain ES3 isolated from chilli rhizosphere was identified as Bacillus pumilus using 16S rRNA sequence analysis. The ACC deaminase positive B. pumilus and Mesorhizobium ciceri...
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The study was conducted to assess dairy production and marketing system of Horro district of Horro Guduru Wollega zone. A structured questionnaire was used and the study area was stratified into highland and Mid-highland agro-ecology. The means and standard deviations of livestock holding was found 12.17±8.69, 13.54±13.98, 3.22±5.25, 2.79±2.84 and 0.96±1.34 for cattle, sheep, goats, horse and donkey, respectively....
Estimation of Infield Cane Stalk Loss at Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate
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In Ethiopian sugar estates sugarcane harvesting period varies according to precipitation patterns to ensure that cutting and transportation takes place when the plant contains the highest accumulation of sugar and it is manually cut and mechanically loaded for haulage. The objective of this work was to assess the losses incurred at Wonji Shoa sugar estate as a result of cane stalks being lost in the field without being...
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Study was conducted at Punjab Agricultural University’s – Fruit Research Station, Jallowal to evaluate the performance of sweet orange cultivar Midknight Valencia on three different rootstocks. Plants on Rubidoux Trifoliate (RTF) were observed to be tallest with height of 3.15m while Rich 16-6 (R 16-6) contributed for maximum dwarfing effect with plant height of 2.27m. Highest level of east-west spread to the tune of...
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North-West (Punjab) part of India has been facing a major problem of unavailability of healthy bud wood. Therefore it is logical to develop a technique which can help to improve the mother plant’s bud production as well as its health. Pruning is technique, if performed appropriate can result into the improvement of plant architecture, shoot production, and its health. Randomized Block Design with Factorial arrangement...
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Study on osmotic dehydration of mushroom (Pleurotus sajor-caju) slices was carried out for partial removal of moisture prior to the further hybrid microwave drying. The effect of various process parameters on mass transfer kinetics was studied. Sodium chloride concentration (10–20%), solution temperature (30–60° C) immersion time (15–240 min) and solution to fruit ratio (4:1 to 8:1) were taken as independent process...
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ABSTRACT A field experiment was conducted at Research Farm of ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Nagaland Centre, Medziphema during 2010 and 2011 for “Enhancement of Rice Productivity, Profitability, Carbon budget and Soil fertility through Integrated Nutrient Management†in Eastern Himalayan Region on a sandy loam soil. Among the organic sources of nutrient poultry manure (2.5t/ha) was found to be most profitable...
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This study involves the application of SWOT and Spearman’s analysis models to identify the farmer-retailer responses with reference to factors affecting the adoption and intensity of herbicide use in rice production in Udham Singh Nagar district of Uttarakhand being Tarai region of India. Results broadly indicate significant correlation in the degree to which important explanatory variables of herbicide’s technical...
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Knowledge on the genetic system controlling the quantitative traits is important for devising an efficient selection program through the use of a suitable mating design. This study aims to determine the best parental combinations, by evaluating the effects of general and specific combining ability of the studied genotypes, for traits viz., days to 50 % flowering, plant height, number of primary branches, number of flowers...
Constraints perceived and suggestions offered in the adoption of mixed farming
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Mixed farming is an agrarian system that mixes arable farming with the raising of livestock. The live stock enterprises are complementary to crop production so as to provide a balance and productive system of farming. The present study was conducted in Anand taluka of Anand district of Central Gujarat to analyze constraints perceived and suggestions offered in the adoption of mixed farming. From the selected Anand taluka,...
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Crops exhibit known responses in their growth and development to local weather and climate that bear large impacts on crop productivity. Since recent decades, crop simulation models have been widely put to use in assessing the impacts of a changing climate variables (temperature, rainfall solar radiation etc) on crop production, while also targeting appropriate adaptation and mitigation responses. The objective of this...
Constraints Faced by Commercial Dairy Farmer In Jaipur District of Rajasthan
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Dairying in India has traditionally been a small holders’ enterprise. As the demand for milk and milk products is increasing rapidly, milk producers have been adopting dairy farming as a commercial enterprise to tap the market opportunities. The present study was taken up with the specific objectives as to find out the constraints faced by the milk producer farmer in commercial dairy farming. Primary data collected from...
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The present laboratory experimental study was conducted to evaluate the allelopathic potential of Calotropis gigantea L. On the seed germination, early seedling growth and biochemical parameters of Parthenium hysterophorus L. Aqueous leaf extracts of 0, 25, 50 and 75% w/v of obtained from leaves of Calotropis gigantea. L. Inhibited germination and seedling growth of P.hysterophorus in bioassays conducted in petri plates....
A review on the scenario of insect pests of brinjal and their management
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Brinjal, an important and indigenous cash crop is attacked by a group of leaf eating, sucking pests and borers during its life-span, reducing potential yields. The production and quality of fruits are mainly affected by number of insect pests, especially shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis which acts as a limiting key factor in profitable cultivation of the crop. The infestation of L. orbonalis on brinjal crop was...
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF SHANKS OF DUCKFOOT SWEEP CULTIVATOR
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Tractor drawn duckfoot cultivator is the most popular equipment being manufactured by the small scale manufacturers and adopted by the farmers of Madhya Pradesh. Almost all tractor owner farmers owns it. While using cultivator, farmers time and again come across problem of bending of shanks, encountered mainly due to improper design, use of non-appropriate material and manufacturing process. Finite element analysis was...
Drumstick based crop diversified intercropping system for rainfed cultivation of semiarid ecosystem
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Drumstick is an important perennial vegetable packed with nutrients and medicinal values. However, it could not reach its commercial status due to lack of information on its suitability in the intercropping system. Hence, a study on drumstick based cohesive intercropping system comprising crops of differential stature viz. high (drumstick), medium (Okra and Cluster bean), low (Cowpea) and ground cover (Pumpkin) have to be...
Public Information and Consultation regarding Water Framework Directive
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Public information and consultation are very important because it can give a further overview of the water developing tendency, and provide criteria’s for evaluating the water status, even to ensure that the involvement of general public is always reported before adopting the final decision. Everyone has the right to express his/her opinion on water issues and get involved in the process of decision making and effective...
Analysis of glomalin in biochar and VAM assorted field soil
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Glomalin is an abundant soil glycoprotein to sequester substantial amounts of C on a global scale. The biochar in agricultural soils appears to improve soil properties and increase crop production. Biochar with arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) produce a glycoprotein (glomalin) important for soil structure, fertility and plant nutrition, we aimed to evaluate the impact of glomalin on soil organic carbon. The study found...
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Soil fertility is one of the major crop production constraints in low-input and subsistence farming. Besides, climate change has significantly affected crop production in southern Ethiopia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of barley-faba bean intercrop on growth, productivity and economic benefit of the companion crops for sustainable production and reduce climate risk in the highland areas of...
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Abstract Impact of paper mill effluent (PME) was analyzed on black gram(Vigna mungo T-9.) Parameters selected were chlorophyll, protein content, root length, shoot length, leaf area and total biomass of V. mungo T-9. Effects of paper mill effluent were analyzed at different dilutions viz. 5%, 10%, 20%, 40%,30%, 50%, & control. At more than 10% of effluent concentration there decline in biomass, protein and chlorophyll...
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This research paper intends to identify the effect of CO2 and atmospheric temperature on yield and water use efficiency of rice crop. Rice is one of the largely cultivated crops of the SW plains of Uttarakhand. It is important to know the effect of changing climate on rice. Therefore 10 rice cultivars (IR 20, IR 36, Jaya, Malviya-36, NDR-359, NDR-97, Pant-10, Pant-4, PR114 and Sarjoo-52) were used for the study. The model...
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Cauliflower growing light textured soils of Rangareddy district were collected from thirty locations and analysed for their quanity parameters (KL, KX, KO), Potential buffering capacity of potassium (PBCK) and intensity parameters AReK. The KL (quantity factor) ranged from 0.12 to 1.21(c mol (p+) kg-1). The AReK (intensity factor) showed a range of 0.11 to 17.0 (ML-1)1/2 × 10-3. The PBCK (c mol (P+) kg-1/ (ML-1)1/2 ×...
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ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to evaluate the 22 wheat genotype and two check cultivar (Gomal-08 and Hasham-08) for yield and related traits under irrigated and rainfed condition. Two separate experiments were taken out in the research area Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics Faculty of Agriculture Gomal University D I Khan by using randomized complete block design with 3 replication. The result revealed...
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ABSTRACT In Ethiopia, agriculture has been at the center of the development strategy. To improve the prevailing low level of production and productivity, the government has been undertaking financial sector reform, to help boosting agricultural production and alleviating rural poverty. In cognizant to the need for rural financial services as articulated in ADLI strategy, RUSACCO are being promoted to cater financial...
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Laboratory experiment was carried at the Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during 2013-2014 to fabricate the slow release nanoencapsulated herbicide. In this experiment the pre-emergence herbicide pendimethalin was encapsulated using direct method. Thus encapsulated pendimethalin particles were characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction...
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The present investigation was carried out with the objectives of developing value added products and assessing the quality parameters of flour. Potato varieties, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Sindhuri, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Chandermukhi, Kufri Chipsona-1 and Kufri Chipsona-2 were stored at room temperature (22-380C, RH 37-80%) and evaluated for processing attributes. Kufri Chandermukhi was utilized for the development of flour as it...
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The survey was conducted in Adami Tullu Jido Kombolcha District to assess farmers’ perception of insecticide negative-effects on honeybees. It was conducted in six peasant associations (PAs) and ten farmers were interviewed from each selected PA. On one hand, the results revealed that almost all (96.7%) of onion producers were aware of the negative-effects of insecticides on honeybees. On the other hand, the majority...
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In order to develop basis for strategic decision making towards agricultural productivity improvement in Ethiopia, a new approach in which crop models could be used is required. Biophysical resource managements using crop models for chickpea production in particular and for most crops in general are highly limited in the country. In this perspective, the CROPGRO-chickpea model was calibrated and evaluated at two locations...
Rank Set Sampling An Efficient Approach of Data Collection in Agricultural Surveys
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In this paper, we have explored the feasibility of using RSS (rank set sampling) in improving the estimates of population mean under Horticultural surveys in comparison to SRS ( simple random sampling) . Theoretical and simulation study is presented. It appears that rank set procedure results in reduction of standard errors thus provide more efficient estimates than simple random sampling under Horticultural Surveys using...
Recent Advances in Breeding for Disease Resistance to Stem Rust of Wheat
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Throughout the history, stem rust has been considered a major threat to the wheat production. The spread of stem rust race Ug99 and variants are threat to worldwide wheat production and efforts are being made to identify and incorporate resistance. A primary source of concern at present is that Ug99 (TTKSK and its variants TTKST and TTTSK) has overcome major sources of stem rust resistance genes eg Sr31, Sr38 and other...
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Abstracts Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is the most important crop in Ethiopia and becoming sixth commodity on Ethiopian exchange floor. But it is not well-studied and introduced especially in eastern Amhara regions. Eastern Amhara region, particularly Kobo district is one of the potential for mungbean production. In this district there is wide irrigable land. Therefore, mungbean becoming the priority crop for crop rotation...
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The field experiment was carried out to analyse the effect of triazole compounds such as triadimefon and hexaconazole on radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Each plants was treated with one litre of aqueous solution containing 20 mg-1 triadimefon (TDM) and 20 mg-1 hexaconazole (HEX) on 23, 35 and 53 days after sowing (DAS) by soil drenching. The plants were harvested on 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing. The determination of...
Germination, Vigour Index and Yield Potential of Wheat as Affected by Micronutrients
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An experiment was conducted to study germination, vigour index and yield potential of wheat as affected by micronutrients. The experiment consisted of two factors i) three modern wheat varieties viz. Prodip, Shatabdi and Bijoy and ii) six levels of nutrient management viz. control (T0), NPK (T1), NPK+B+Mn+Zn (T2), NPK+B+Mn (T3), NPK+B+Zn (T4) and NPK+Mn+Zn (T5). Prodip produced significantly the highest grain yield (3.93 t...
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Carrot hairy root induction by two different strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes - MTCC- 532 and MTCC- 2364 grown in YEMA culture media was studied in carrot (Daucus carota). The maximum hairy root induction was observed when carrot was simmered with 48 hours old culture of A. rhizogenes MTCC-532. With different concentrations of acetosyringone (AS) tested, addition of 150 µM/l acetosyringone was found to enhance the...
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The general objective of this study is to examine the competitiveness of sheep production in the North Kordofan state. The specific objectives are to examine impact of government intervention on efficiency and sustainability in the use of domestic resources and tradable inputs of sheep production and to analyze the comparative advantage of the sheep production in North Kordofan. The study utilizes primary data which was...
Effect of Calotropis gigantea leaf extract spray on weed control
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Field experiments were conducted during summer 2012 and winter 20012-13, at Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University) to study the effect of pre-emergence application of Calotropis gigantea leaf extract spray on weed control in cotton. The results revealed that the pre-emergence application of Calotropis gigantea leaf extract spray at 30 % concentration followed by hand...
Development of oat added ready to drink milk
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The purpose of this study was make available a ready to drink milk with an enhancement of regular consumption of milk in domestic and national arena by children, adolescents, women and older. The synergistic quality of milk and oat flour was formulated after sterilization. Sterilized oat added milk drink was prepared by taking double toned homogenized and pasteurized milk having 10.5% TS (1.5% fat and 9% SNF) and 6.6 pH....
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A pot trial was conducted in 2012 in the conservatory of the Anand Agricultural University Anand Gujarat (India). The effort was made for study the influence of silicon and phosphorus supply on available Si, P, Fe and Mn Content and Nutrient Ratio of P-stressed maize. Treatments were arranged in a factorial completely randomized design with silicon factor at five levels (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm) and two levels of P (0...
In vitro and In vivo studies on antioxidant potential of methanolic extract of Pomegranate fruits
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The present study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant activities of the methanolic extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum) fruit. The antioxidant activities of extract have been evaluated by using in vitro assays and in vivo model. In case of in vitro studies, the antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of pomegranate fruit was 198.31 mg/100g; 192.25 mg/100g; 181.13 mg/100g and 143.24 mg/100g by DPPH, nitric...
Correlation and path coefficient studies in induced mutants of blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
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Correlation and path coefficient analysis were carried out using M2 generation of VBN 4 blackgram. Seed yield had the highest positive and significant correlation with pod length, number of pods per plant and protein content. Other characters viz., plant height, number of branches per plant and number of clusters per plant showed positive correlation with seed yield, while days to 50% flowering, 100 Seed weight and number...
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Soil surveying and mapping is an important operation, since it plays a key role in the knowledge about soil nutrients and how it can be used for agriculture. One thousand six hundred seventy four surface soil samples were collected from Kheda, Anand, Vadodara and Panchamahals districts of middle Gujarat during 2010-11 under GPS and GIS based soil fertility mapping project. Analysis of these soil samples revealed the...
Agricultural food export performance in Ethiopia: An error correction approach
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This study investigated the determinants of food export supply of Ethiopia for the period 1980-2011, for 32 years. In this study, policies under taken by the different regimes in relation to export policies were assessed in the short and long run operation. To test the relationship of food export supply and other variables there was implementation of co-integration and error correction approaches in the regression...
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The present was carried out during Kharif season of 2014-15 at Vegetable Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.). The experimental material for the present investigation was comprised of 38 genotypes of onion. These genotypes were sown in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications, to estimate the genetic variability. Analysis of variance revealed highly...
Management of sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius fab) on sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas lam).
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The incidence of the sweet potato weevil under the field condition were studied in two different cultivars namely Villupuram local (Red) and Karur local (White). The insects population Cylas formicarius were assessed first, second and third spray at 30 day after interval of planting. The lowest insect population was recorded in stem cuttings dipping with imidachloprid @ 22.25 g a.i. ha-1 (4.83) followed by acephate @...
Effect of pretreatment on the quality characteristics of osmo dried mango slices
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Osmotic dehydration is a novel technique for the production of shelfstable, nutritious and tasty products.Mango is a fruit which is highly relished in both raw and processed form. Various studies have indicated that pretreatment of fruits prior to osmotic dehydration improved the quality of the product. Hence an attempt was made to study the effect of various pre-treatments in the quality characteristics of osmo dried...
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In the present study, twenty one diverse genotypes of winged bean from different sources were evaluated for assessing various genetic parameters in different seed characters under Kerala conditions. This study helps in identifying the characters which mainly contributing to the seed yield. The analysis of variance showed significant difference among all the genotypes for seed yield and its component characters studied....
Effect of canola and mustard cake on groth performance of crossbred lactating cows
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The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of replacing conventional mustard cake with canola cake on feed intake, digestibility and body weight change of lactating crossbred cows. CP and TA were higher in canola cake while OM, EE, CF, ADF and NDF were higher in mustard cake. The digestibility coefficient of DM, OM, CP, EE and NDF did not differ significantly (P>0.05) irrespective of dietary...
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